艾氏腹水癌患鼠腹水中一种高分子量DNA结合蛋白的分离

 本文利用免疫吸收法和免疫亲和层析法,从艾氏腹水癌患鼠腹水DNA结合蛋白中,分离得到了一种高分子量DNA结合蛋白。在免疫双扩散反应中,它与抗艾氏腹水癌患鼠血清DNA结合蛋白的兎抗血清反应形成一条沉淀线,但与正常小鼠血清DNA结合蛋白的兎抗血清不形成沉淀线。该DNA结合蛋白样品用2-巯基乙醇还原后,经SDC-PAGE分析,测得其分子量约为41000。     

与食品相关的致癌因子及抑癌因子

与食品相关的致癌因子及抑癌因子卢大用陈健君（上海大学生命科学学院,上海２０１８００）肿瘤产生的原因相当复杂,存在内在因素和外来原因。当今环境的影响比人体自身的影响（人体本身基因易感性等）所占比重正变得越来越重要。除空气和水污染、日晒、射线等原因外;从...     

血清抑癌多肽某些生物学特性的研究

血清抑癌多肽(SCSP)在体外可以杀伤小鼠不同种类的腹水型癌细胞,如肝癌细胞、S180细胞、白血病细胞等。但它对小鼠的非癌细胞没有明显影响,对不同种类的人癌细胞株没有普遍的杀伤作用。 用反向间接血凝法检验结果表明,血清抑癌多肽可能由宿主脾细胞产生,而非来自癌细胞。 用超速离心法分离小鼠血清脂蛋白VLDL和HDL,并检测脂蛋白中SCSP含量与其对癌细胞杀伤作用的关系,相关性检验结果表明它们之间有相关关系。SCSP的含量高,则对癌细胞的杀伤作用强。     

眼镜蛇毒细胞毒素的抗肿瘤作用

目的　研究眼镜蛇毒细胞毒素（ Ｃ Ｖ Ｃ Ｔ Ｘ）的体内抗肿瘤作用。方法　小鼠皮下、腹腔接种 Ｓ１８０ 、 Ｅ Ａ Ｃ后, 于接种部位注射不同剂量的 Ｃ Ｖ Ｃ Ｔ Ｘ, 每天 １ 次, 连续１０ 天, 观察瘤重抑制率和生命延长率。结果　适当剂量（０２～０８ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ） 的 Ｃ Ｖ Ｃ Ｔ Ｘ 能明显抑制肿瘤的生长 （ Ｐ＜ ００１）,小鼠的存活时间明显延长（ Ｐ ＜ ００１）。结论　 Ｃ Ｖ Ｃ Ｔ Ｘ 在小鼠体内对 Ｓ１８０ 、 Ｅ Ａ Ｃ有明显地抗肿瘤作用。     

人胎肝中低分子天然抑瘤物对小鼠肉瘤S—180作用的研究

从人胎儿肝脏中分离出一种分子量较小的抑瘤物质(FLS-MeOH),观察了它对小鼠肉瘤S-180细胞生长的抑制效应。在体外琼脂培养中,当FLS-MeOH浓度达到300μg/ml时,可完全抑制S-180细胞的集落形成;给荷瘤小鼠每日注射FLS-MeOH8mg/g体重,共20d,可明显延长小鼠的存活时间,部分小鼠可以无病存活。这些结果说明FLSMeOH在体内外均有明显的抗肿瘤活性,而且具有分子量小、无组织和种系特异性,以及对肿瘤细胞不可逆的毒性作用等特性。     

肝细胞癌中抑癌基因的发现与研究进展

肝细胞癌（HCC）的发病率高、治疗效果差。HCC的发病机制复杂,主要有2类：肝炎、酒精、黄曲霉素、代谢紊乱引起的肝损伤,进而导致的肝硬化;致癌基因和抑癌基因的突变或对应染色体区域的扩增或缺失。细胞内一些信号通路参与了HCC的发生发展,包括RAF／MEK／ERK、P13K／AKT／mTOR、WNT/β-catenin、胰岛素样生长因子、肝细胞生长因子／c-MET、生长因子调节的血管新生等6类信号通路。抑癌基因通过调节信号通路而调节细胞增殖、细胞周期、细胞凋亡等对肿瘤的发生、发展起重要作用的过程。我们简要概述HCC相关的肿瘤抑制分子及其所在的信号通路及作用的分子机制。     

S180腹水癌小鼠体液脂蛋白的探讨

 通过对患S(180)腹水癌小鼠的血清脂蛋白琼脂糖电泳分析,表明患癌小鼠的β蛋白逐渐增多,电泳的迁移率有减慢的趋势。通过对无细胞的腹水研究,发现其中相当于极低密度脂蛋白部分对癌细胞有较高的杀伤活性,而对正常的骨髓细胞无明显作用。该部分脂蛋白电泳迁移率比血清各种脂蛋白的迁移率均快。     

银杏叶聚戊烯醇抗肿瘤的生物活性研究

目的 :从银杏叶中分离聚戊烯醇新的有效部位 ,研究聚戊烯醇抗肿瘤的药效。方法 :通过提取、分离、精制 75 %以上银杏叶聚戊烯醇 ,以氟脲嘧啶 (5 Fu)为对照 ,选择肝癌 (Heps)实体型、肉瘤 (S180 )、艾氏癌 (EC)实体型等瘤谱 ,用不同剂量的聚戊烯醇进行小鼠移植性抗肿瘤药效实验。结果 :银杏叶聚戊烯醇对Heps、S180 和EC等移植性瘤谱的最高抑瘤率分别为 4 9 2 9%、6 0 89%和 5 2 4 7% (p <0 .0 0 5 )。结论 :银杏叶聚戊烯醇具有明显的抑制肿瘤的生物活性。     

抑癌蛋白PTEN的原核表达、抑癌活性研究和抗体制备

PTEN是具有蛋白质和酯类双重特异性磷酸酶活性的抑癌蛋白,在肿瘤治疗中具有广阔的应用前景。鉴于原核表达PTEN蛋白并用于抑癌实验的研究尚未见报道,因此尝试利用大肠杆菌表达有活性的PTEN蛋白,检测其抑癌效果。利用本室克隆的PTEN基因cDNA和原核表达载体pET44a( )分别构建带6×His和Nus标签的两种诱导型原核融合表达载体pETPTEN和pETNusPTEN,在不同的大肠杆菌表达宿主BL21(DE3)(简写为BL)和Rosettagami(DE3)pLysS(简写为RG)中诱导表达。SDSPAGE和Westernblot检测表明:在可溶性组分和包涵体中均含有目的蛋白,在BL中目的蛋白的表达量较高(18.7%)而在RG中可溶性蛋白的比例较高(6.6%)。经纯化和包涵体蛋白复性处理后,重组融合蛋白经Chariot转运入小鼠实体瘤及人前列腺癌DU145细胞。抑癌实验表明:与对照组相比,重组PTEN蛋白对小鼠实体瘤的生长抑制率为58.76%;对癌细胞DU145的生长抑制率可达46.16%;并可导致明显的G0G1期阻滞,其中在宿主RG中表达的重组蛋白抑癌效果明显高于BL宿主中表达的目的蛋白。证实在原核系统中表达的重组PTEN蛋白具有抑癌活性,同时制备了PTEN的高效价腹水多抗,为深入研究PTEN蛋白在癌症治疗中的应用打下了良好的基础。     

Suppressed CD31 Expression in Sarcoma-180 Tumors after Injection with Toxoplasma gondii Lysate Antigen in BALB/c Mice

The anti-tumorigenic effects of Toxoplasma gondii (RH) antigens were studied in a murine sarcoma-180 tumor model. To determine the anti-tumor effects, the reduction in tumor size and expression of CD31 (an angiogenesis marker in the tumor tissue) were examined after injection of BALB/c mice with T. gondii lysate antigen (TLA) or formalin-fixed, proliferation-inhibited, T. gondii tachyzoites. Tumors were successfully produced by an intradermal injection of sarcoma-180 cells with plain Matrigel in the mid-backs of mice. After injection with TLA or formalin-fixed T. gondii tachyzoites, the increase in tumor size and weight nearly stopped while tumor growth continued in control mice that were injected with PBS. CD31 expression in TLA-treated or formalin-fixed T. gondii-injected mice was lower than the control mice. Accordingly, the present study shows that the treatment of mice with formalin-fixed T. gondii or TLA in the murine sarcoma-180 tumor model results in a decrease of both tumor size and CD31 expression.     

A method for easily customizable gradient gel electrophoresis

Gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is a powerful tool for the resolution of polypeptides by relative mobility. Here, we present a simplified method for generating polyacrylamide gradient gels for routine analysis without the need for specialized mixing equipment. The method allows for easily customizable gradients which can be optimized for specific polypeptide resolution requirements. Moreover, the method eliminates the possibility of buffer cross contamination in mixing equipment, and the time and resources saved with this method in place of traditional gradient mixing, or the purchase of pre-cast gels, are noteworthy given the frequency with which many labs use gradient gel SDS-PAGE.     

人脑胶质细胞瘤核染色质非组蛋白的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析

用不连续SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析了人脑胶质细胞瘤与正常脑细胞核NHCP电泳图谱。从二者的NHCP电泳结果表明,脑胶质细胞瘤增加了一条表观分子量为3万的蛋白区带;表观分子量为1.75万～6.5万的蛋白区带染色明显加深。染色质紫外吸收光谱也有明显差异。总之,脑胶质细胞瘤核NHCP发生质与量的变化。     

金环蛇蛇毒对S180,EAC腹水癌细胞的细胞毒性作用

目的　探讨金环蛇毒对 S1 80 ,EAC腹水癌细胞的细胞毒性作用。　方法　采用小白鼠腹腔和皮下接种 S1 80 ,EAC腹水癌细胞造成小白鼠腹水模型后腹腔注射金环蛇毒。　结果　腹腔注射金环蛇毒 ,能抑制肿瘤细胞的生长 ,降低接种率。但不能完全控制腹水和癌细胞的生长。体外试验表明有明显的细胞毒作用。台酚蓝染色镜检可见死细胞显著增加 ,腹水图片检查给药后细胞膜破裂 ,纤维化坏死明显。　结论　能延长小白鼠存活时间。     

成纤维细胞生长因子受体-癌症治疗新靶点

成纤维细胞生长因子(FGFs)通过作用于其受体(成纤维细胞生长因子受体,FGFRs)在许多生理过程中发挥重要作用,如胚胎形成、创伤修复、血管生成等。近年来,越来越多的证据表明FGFRs是某些癌症的驱动基因,并且以"细胞自治"的方式维持肿瘤细胞的恶性特征,通过诱导促有丝分裂和生存信号、促进肿瘤细胞侵袭转移、促进上皮间质转化、促进血管生成及参与肿瘤复发耐药作用作为癌基因参与肿瘤发生发展进程的多重步骤,但也有研究证实FGFR信号在某些肿瘤类型中具有抑制肿瘤的功能。这些研究结果使得FGFRs成为越来越具有吸引力的癌症治疗新靶点。本文阐述了FGFRs信号通路在多种肿瘤中的作用,并且对处于研发或试验阶段的抗FGFRs药物(包括小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂和单克隆抗体)进行了概括。     

马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文探讨马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。马齿苋采用水提醇沉法得到马齿苋多糖,分别以50、100、200mg／kg通过腹腔给药10d,观察马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用及对小鼠淋巴细胞转化功能、腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力、白介素-l（IL-1）和白介素-2（IL-2）生成量的影响。结果显示,马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠有明显的抑瘤作用,抑瘤率分别为16．92％、51．45％和64．96％。不同剂量马齿苋多糖与对照组相比可明显促进淋巴细胞的转化、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力,可有效的增加荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞的转化和腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力以及白介素-1（IL-1）和白介素-2（IL-2）的分泌。说明马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠具有显著的抗肿瘤作用,其作用机制与增强小鼠免疫作用有关。     

软骨多糖对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能影响的初步研究

目的研究软骨多糖对荷瘤小鼠的作用,并探讨其对免疫功能的影响。方法采用小鼠肉瘤S180细胞建立动物腹水瘤模型,然后随机将小鼠分为生理盐水对照组和软骨多糖给药组,连续腹腔注射生理盐水或软骨多糖,分别测量ConA和LPS刺激下小鼠脾细胞淋巴增殖情况、外周血NK细胞的活性,及外周血单个核细胞E花环形成率。结果软骨多糖能刺激淋巴细胞增殖,明显提高NK细胞的活性,提高E花环形成率。结论软骨多糖能通过增强S180荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能而抑制肿瘤的生长。     

Roles of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 5A2 in Human Cancer

Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), the only known cellular protein containing the amino acid hypusine, is an essential component of translation elongation. eIF5A2, one of the two isoforms in the eIF5A family, is reported to be a novel oncogenic protein in many types of human cancer. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that eIF5A2 could initiate tumor formation, enhance cancer cell growth, and increase cancer cell motility and metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Accumulatied evidence suggests that eIF5A2 is a useful biomarker in the prediction of cancer prognoses and serves as an anticancer molecular target. In this review, we will focus on updating current knowledge of the EIF5A2 gene in human cancers. The molecular mechanisms of EIF5A2 related to tumorigenesis will also be discussed.     

C 阿霉素一纤维蛋白胶缓释化疗系统对S ,80 荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤实验研究

目的：探讨阿霉素-纤维蛋白胶缓释化疗系统对S180荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用。方法：建立S180荷瘤小鼠模型,将30只模型小鼠分为四组：A组10只,阿霉素以2／剂量局部注入肿瘤内部。B组10只,瘤内注入阿霉素．纤维蛋白胶缓释系统0．2ml（含阿霉素2／）。C组10只。瘤块内注入纤维蛋白胶0．2ml。D组10只,空白对照组。给药后每3天测量记录一次肿瘤大小,观辑各组平均肿瘤体积缩小情况。结果：A、B、C、D四组的肿瘤缩小比率分别为50％、100％、20％、10％,肿瘤抑制率分别为36．85％、77．42％、6．00％、6．52％,与空白对照D组相比。A、B组对S180肉瘤抑制作用明显（P〈0．01）,而B组的抑瘤作用明显强于A组（P〈0．05）．C组与D组无明显差异（P〈0．05）。结论：阿霉素-纤维蛋白胶缓释化疗系统以及阿霉素均能够有效的抑制S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长。前者的抑瘤作用更为明显,可能是一种安全可靠的新化疗方式．     

A novel AP180-related protein in vesicles that concentrate at acetylcholine receptor clusters

Monoclonal antibodies were generated to vesicular membranes of clathrin coated vesicles enriched for acetylcholinesterase (AChE). One of these, C172, recognizes vesicles which accumulate in muscle cells around nuclei associated with acetylcholine receptor AChR clusters. Immunoblots of muscle extracts and brain purified clathrin coated vesicles show that C172 recognizes a 100 kd band in muscle, but a 180 kd band in brain. Western blots of purified AP180 protein stained with the two antibodies AP180.1 and C172 displayed the same staining pattern. Tryptic digests probed with peptide antibodies (PS26 and PS27) generated to known sequences of AP180 were used to map the epitope for C172 within the brain AP180 sequence. On immunoblots of digested AP180, all AP180 antibodies and C172 recognized a 100 kd tryptic fragment, however only C172 recognized a smaller 60 kd. Our results suggest that the C172 epitope is located within amino acids 305–598 of the AP180 sequence. Confocal fluorescence microscopy of myoblasts and myotubes stained with the C172 antibody gives a punctate immunofluorescence pattern. Myoblasts stained with C172 revealed a polarized distribution of vesicles distinct from that observed when cells are stained with γ adaptin antibody which is known to localize to trans Golgi network. Myotubes stained with C172 antibody reveal a linear array of vesicular staining. Quantitative analysis of C172 reactive vesicles revealed a significant increase in number of vesicles present around the nuclei associated with the acetylcholine receptor clusters. These vesicles did not colocalize with the Golgi cisternae. These results indicate that a protein with homology to the neuron-specific coated vesicle protein AP180, is present in muscle cells associated with vesicles showing significant concentration around postsynaptic nuclei present in close proximity to AChR clusters. J. Cell. Biochem. 68:457–471, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.