Structure of a galactomannan from Cassia alata seed

A water-soluble galactomannan, isolated from the seeds of Cassia alata Linn, has been investigated by using methylation analysis, periodate and CrO₃ oxidation, n.m.r. spectroscopy, and reaction with Bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin and an α-d-galactosidase. The polysaccharide is composed of heptasaccharide units joined by β-(1→4) linkages. The polysaccharide has a molecular weight of 26,400, corresponding to ∼23 units.     

Flavonoid glycosides from fiveCyathea species

The leaves of 5 fern species of the genusCyathea, i.e.C. fauriei, C. mertensiana, C. leichhardtiana, C. podophylla andC. hancockii, have been chemically analysed. The former 3 species have kaempferol 3-sophoroside (sophoraflavonoloside) and kaempferol 7-rhamnoglucoside as glycosidic components, and the latter 2 species contain kaempferol 3-galactoside (trifolin) and kaempferol 3-rhamnoglucoside (nicotiflorin). In addition, vitexin, orientin, kaempferol 3-glucoside (astragalin), kaempferol 3-rhamnoside (afzelin) and kaempferol 7-arabinoside are detected as common constituents in all the 5 species analysed.     

Flavonoid glycosides from Barringtonia acutangula

Using various chromatographic separation techniques, ten flavonoid glycosides, including six new compounds namely barringosides A?F (1–6), were isolated from a methanol extract of the Barringtonia acutangula leaves. The structure elucidation was confirmed by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR, and HR ESI MS. Their inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells were also evaluated. Among the isolated compounds, quercetin 3-O-β-d-(6-p-hydroxybenzoyl)galactopyranoside (9) showed significant effect with an IC₅₀ of 20.00 ± 1.68 µM. This is the first report of these flavonoid glycosides from Barringtonia genus and their inhibition on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells was reported here for the first time.     

鼬瓣花中的黄酮苷

从鼬瓣花甲醇提取物中分离得到4个黄酮苷类化合物,运用光谱技术鉴定了它们的结构,分别为洋芹素-7-O-(6″-O-p-羟基肉桂酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1),洋芹素-7-葡萄糖苷(2),木犀草素-7-葡萄糖苷(3)和黄芩苷(4)。化合物1为首次从鼬瓣花属植物中分离获得。     

Two chromone glycosides from Cassia multijuga

Two new 2-methylchromone glycosides have been identified in the leaves of Cassia multiluga.     

Flavonoid glycosides from Centaurea pseudoscabiosa subsp. pseudoscabiosa from Turkey

Three flavonoid glycosides were isolated and characterized, together with a further 13 substances belonging to various classes of compounds, in particular two phenolic acids, a coumarin, a sugar and nine flavonoids from the flowered aerial parts of Centaurea pseudoscabiosa subsp. pseudoscabiosa Boiss. et Buhse (Asteraceae). Some considerations about their evolutionary meaning are provided.     

Flavonoid glycosides from Salvia moorcroftiana wall

Phytochemical analysis of the whole plant of Salvia moorcroftiana Wall. (Lamiaceae) resulted in the isolation of two new flavonoid glycosides, together with three known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were established as genkwanin 4'-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (1) and genkwanin 4'-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-galactopyranoside] (2). The structures of all compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR techniques.     

Two anthraquinone glycosides from Cassia marginata roots

From the roots of Cassia marginata, 1,3-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2-methyl anthraquinone 3-O-rhamnosyl-(1 → 6)-glucopyranoside and 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxy-2-methyl anthraquinone 3-O-glucoside have been isolated and their structures elucidated.     

Flavonoid glycosides and triterpenoids from Atractylis flava

Two new flavonoid glycosides, together with twelve known compounds including seven flavonoids and five triterpenoids were isolated from the whole plant Atractylis flava Desf. The structures of new compounds have been elucidated as 6-hydroxykaempferol 6-methyl ether 7-O-β-glucopyranuronoside (1) and isorhamnetin 3-O-[(6″′-O-E-feruloyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (2) named Atraflavoside A and B successively, on the basis of physical and spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR (¹H, ¹³C, COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) and mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) whereas those of the known compounds (3–14) were established by spectral comparison with those published in the literature.     

Flavonoid and benzophenone glycosides from Coleogyne ramosissima

A benzophenone glucoside and two flavonol glycosides were isolated together with 27 known polyphenols from the aerial parts of Coleogyne ramosissima, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods as iriflophenone 2-O-beta-glucopyranoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-2G-rhamnopyranosylrutinoside-7-O-alpha-rhamnopyranoside and limocitrin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-beta-glucopyranoside, respectively.     

Flavonoid glycosides from needles of Pinus massoniana

Seven flavonoids have been isolated from Pinus massoniana needles and identified as taxifolin and its 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, (+)-catechin, naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and three new flavonoid glycosides, 6-C-methylaromadendrin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, taxifolin 3′-O-β-D-(6″-O-phenylacetyl)-glucopyranoside and eriodictyol 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside.     

Flavonoid glycosides and sulphates from the dilleniaceae

In a leaf survey of sixty species from eight genera of the Dilleniaceae, the following flavonoids were characterized: myricetin 3,7,3′,4′-tetramethyl ether, mearnsetin 3-rhamnoside, ombuin 3,3′-disulphate, isorhamnetin 3,7,4′-trisulphate, kaempferol 3,7,4′-trisulphate and apigenin 7-galactosidesulphate.     

Flavonoid and phenolic glycosides from Salvia officinalis

Two novel phenolic glycosides cis-p-coumaric acid 4-O-(2'-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and trans-p-coumaric acid 4-O-(2'-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside were isolated and identified from Salvia officinalis together with 4-hydroxyacetophenone 4-O-(6'-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside, 7- and 3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide, 6-hydroxyluteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside and 7-O-glucuronide, and 6,8-di-C-beta-D-glucosylapigenin (vicenin-2). The luteolin glucuronides and vicenin-2 were identified as new sage constituents.     

Flavonoid glycosides and saponins from Astragalus shikokianus

A new flavonol glycoside, kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl -(1-->6)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-a lpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, named astrasikokioside I, was isolated from aerial part of Astragalus shikokianus, together with two flavonol glycosides, kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-alpha-L- rhamnopyranoside, robinin, and three triterpenoid glycosides, soyasaponin I, sophoraflavoside II and robinioside E.     

珙桐叶中的黄酮甙成分

从珙桐 (DavidioinvolucrataBaill.)叶甲醇提取物的水溶性部分得到 6个黄酮及配糖体成分。经核磁共振谱、质谱和化学鉴定它们是 :山奈酚 (1 ) ,3 O β D 吡喃葡萄糖基 山奈酚甙 (2 ) ,3 O β D 吡喃半乳糖基 山奈酚甙 (3 ) ,槲皮素 (4 ) ,3 O β D 吡喃阿拉伯糖基 槲皮素甙 (5 ) ,3 O β D 吡喃半乳糖基 槲皮素甙 (6) ;均为已知化合物且是首次从珙桐植物中分离得到。     

Flavonoid glycosides and isoquinolinone alkaloids from Corydalis bungeana

Two flavonol O-glycosides identified as the 3-O-alpha-arabinopyranosyl(1'-->6')-beta-glucopyranoside 7-O-beta-glucopyranosides of kaempferol and quercetin were isolated from the whole plant of Corydalis bungeana Turcz. together with eight known flavonol O-glycosides. Two isoquinolinone alkaloids were also obtained from the same source, including the new derivative, 6,7-methylenedioxy-2-(6-acetyl-2,3-methylenedioxybenzyl)-1(2H)-isoquinolinone. The structures were determined by spectroscopic methods (NMR and high-resolution MS).     

Four new glycosides from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia

Four new glycosides, including one anthraquinone glycoside (1), one naphthalene glycoside (2), and two naphthopyrone glycosides (3–4), with 10 known compounds (5–14) were isolated from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia L. The new structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical transformations.