Correlation between infectivity and physical virus particles in human cytomegalovirus

Benyesh-Melnick, Matilda (Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.), Fern Probstmeyer, Robert McCombs, Jean P. Brunschwig, and Vladimir Vonka. Correlation between infectivity and physical virus particles in human cyto-megalovirus. J. Bacteriol. 92:1555-1561. 1966.-Infectivity titers [measured as plaque-forming units (PFU)] and particle counts by the sedimentation pseudo-replication technique were determined for crude, unpurified, intracellular preparations of two different strains of human cytomegalovirus. Unlike the high particle-infectivity ratio of 10(6) to 10(8) previously reported for these viruses, the number of total particles per PFU ranged from 160 to 490 with strain AD-169 and from 176 to 1,050 for strain C-87. Interpretation of particle-PFU ratios of intracellular cytomegalovirus in terms of particle morphology is not conclusive at this time. The number of enveloped forms found varied between 0 and 34% of the total particles counted. However, the true proportion is probably greater, because envelopes were found to be destroyed by the enzyme treatment used in preparing the specimens for examination in the electron microscope. The number of full particles found ranged between 4 and 31% of the total particles counted. The particle per PFU ratio of extracellular virus was found to be three- to fivefold lower than that of intracellular virus.     

皮肤真菌感染与银屑病的相关性

随着近年来银屑病的发病率逐步增加,关于银屑病病因的研究更加深入。除了遗传、免疫和环境等相关因素,微生物与银屑病的关系也备受关注。关于真菌感染与银屑病的相关性研究始于19世纪,认为糠秕马拉色菌可能是银屑病的致病因子,与银屑病的发生发展密切相关。随后也有研究指出白念珠菌通过超抗原等作用诱发或加重银屑病。但银屑病患者依据自身IL-17增高的特点可以起到一定抵抗微生物感染的作用,因此真菌感染与银屑病的关系暂无定论。随着近年来关于两者之间关系的研究逐渐增多,真菌感染仍是银屑病患者不可忽视的诱发或加重因素之一。明确真菌感染在银屑病患者体内的作用有助于更好地研究银屑病的发病机制以及改善预后。     

The relationship between human cytomegalovirus infection and atherosclerosis development

Transport characteristics of essential trace elements as zinc, copper, selenium and iron have been studied in maternal–fetal direction in normal pregnancies, using in vitro perfusion of human placental lobules. Solutions of trace elements corresponding to twice the physiological concentrations were injected (100 l bolus) into the maternal arterial perfusate. Serial perfusate samples were collected every 30 sec from venous outflows for a study period of 5 min. Concentrations of these trace elements and their transport kinetics were determined. Transport fractions (TF) of zinc, copper, selenium and iron averaged 0.21, 0.49, 0.55 and 0.10% of maternal load respectively. Other parameters such as area under the curve, clearance, elimination constant, absorption and elimination rates showed some significant differences between the various elements. Copper and selenium appear to be transported passively in maternal–fetal direction, while for iron and zinc, role of active transport for transfer across the human placental membrane cannot be discounted. We speculate that alterations in copper: zinc TR50 (transport rate for 50% efflux) and TF ratios could serve as useful indicators for assessing placental transport status of these essential elements in complicated pregnancy states.     

Correlation of survival from murine cytomegalovirus infection with spleen cell responsiveness to Concanavallin A.

Spleen cells from nonlethally MCMV-infected weanling and adult DBA/2 mice had diminished responses to Con A stimulation. In contrast, only lethal MCMV infections were associated with a complete suppression of the Con A response. The immune response to SRBC was depressed even in asymptomatic infections of weanling and adult mice. A marked maturation of resistance to the lethal effects of MCMV infection was found to occur during the fourth week of life.     

Murine cytomegalovirus infection of mouse testes.

With the aim of illustrating a mechanism of cytomegalovirus (CMV) venereal transmission, we induced murine CMV infection in the mouse testes of immunologically competent mice. Using in situ cytohybridization, we were able to show that murine CMV-specific DNA was associated with spermatocytes and mature sperm. Electron microscopy studies also supported sperm infection. The virus could be reisolated from infected epididymal sperm by cocultivation with mouse embryo fibroblasts. We found no difference in either the sexual performance or the fertilization efficiency of the sperm between infected and uninfected males.     

人巨细胞病毒感染与肠道疾病相关性研究的新进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)普遍感染人类,通常以潜伏感染的状态持续在体内存在。近年来越来越多的研究报道,在肠道疾病患者的肠道内发现HCMV,同时常规激素治疗无效,最终导致严重临床症状,甚至引起死亡。因此,HMCV感染与肠道疾病之间的关系受到高度关注。本文着重对国内、外最新研究进行综述,并进一步阐述HCMV与肠道疾病的关系。     

阴道微生态异常与高危型HPV感染的相关性分析

目的探讨各种阴道微生态异常与高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)感染的相关性。方法选取2017年1月-2018年3月在我院妇科门诊就诊并同时行阴道微生态检查及HPV分型的患者作为研究对象,分析阴道微生态检查结果与HR-HPV感染的相关性。结果 8 100例患者中HR-HPV阳性1 990例,占24.57%,HR-HPV阴性6 110例,占75.43%;HR-HPV阳性组细菌性阴道病(BV)、外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(VVC)、滴虫性阴道炎(TV)及乳杆菌减少与HR-HPV阴性组相比,差异具有统计学意义(Ps0.05);多因素分析显示BV、乳杆菌减少与HR-HPV感染有关,OR值及95%CI分别为3.129(2.752～4.235)、3.389 (2.943～5.142)。结论 HR-HPV感染患者存在明显的阴道微生态失调状况,HR-HPV感染与BV和乳杆菌减少有关。     

阴道微生态平衡与高危型HPV感染分析

目的了解高危型HPV感染与阴道微生态平衡是否有关。方法选取2014年1月至2014年12月山西医科大学第二医院妇产科门诊就诊同时进行了阴道微生态检查及HPV检查的患者3 861例作为研究对象,对其阴道微生态检查的结果进行分析。结果 (1)细菌性阴道病组、滴虫阴道炎组、混合性阴道炎组与阴道微生态正常组相比,高危型HPV感染的发生率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)多因素分析的结果表明高危型HPV感染与细菌性阴道病及滴虫阴道炎的存在有关,细菌性阴道病的OR值3.792(95%CI3.196,4.500),滴虫阴道炎的OR值0.646(95%CI0.500,0.843),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论阴道微生态环境的改变尤其是细菌性阴道病及滴虫阴道炎与高危型HPV感染发生率的升高有关。