共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Nishimura K Yamauchi N Chowdhury VS Torii M Hattori MA Kaneto M 《Cell and tissue research》2011,345(2):275-284
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play an important role in different compartments of the female reproductive
system in rodents and humans. However, expressional profiles and physiological functions of PPARs in the endometrium prior
to the placentation are not well understood. In this study, we determined expressional profiles of the PPARs during early
pregnancy. Immunocytochemistry revealed that both PPARα and PPARβ/δ were strongly detected in the endometrial stroma on days
4.5–6.5 of pregnancy, which is just a starting time of implantation. Delayed implantation animal model showed that the expressions
of PPARα and PPARβ/δ occurred after the initiation of implantation in the endometrial stroma. Moreover, an in vitro decidualization
model further revealed that the expression of PPARα increased in the cultured rat endometrial stromal cells at 24 h after the decidualization treatment, but the expression of
PPARβ/δ was delayed and increased at 48 h after the treatment. PPARγ was expressed in the endometrial stroma and its expression decreased
significantly at 2.5 days post-coitum and maintained a low level of expression during the period of implantation. These results
indicate that PPARα is expressed and induced by the initiation of implantation, prior to the expression of PPARβ/δ in decidualized
endometrium. Increasing expression of PPARγ during fertilization and its decline during the period of implantation further
suggest that PPARs may play important roles during early pregnancy. 相似文献
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THR0921 is a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist with potent anti-diabetic properties.
Because of the proposed role of PPARγ in inflammation, we investigated the potential of orally active THR0921 to inhibit the
pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). CIA was induced in DBA/1J mice by the injection of bovine type II collagen
in complete Freund's adjuvant on days 0 and 21. Mice were treated with THR0921 (50 mg/kg/day) starting on the day of the booster
injection and throughout the remaining study period. Both clinical disease activity scores as well as histological scores
of joint destruction were significantly reduced in mice treated with THR0921 compared to untreated mice. Proliferation of
isolated spleen cells, as well as circulating levels of IgG antibody to type II collagen, was decreased by THR0921. Moreover,
spleen cell production of IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β in response to exposure to lipopolysaccharide or
type II collagen was reduced by in vivo treatment with THR0921. Steady state mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and receptor activator of
nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in isolated joints were all decreased in mice treated with THR0921. Finally, THR0921 inhibited
osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow-derived cells stimulated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and RANKL. In
conclusion, THR0921 attenuates collagen-induced arthritis in part by reducing the immune response. As such, PPARγ may be an
important therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis. 相似文献
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Ghada Alsaleh Laetitia Sparsa Emmanuel Chatelus Mathieu Ehlinger Jacques-Eric Gottenberg Dominique Wachsmann Jean Sibilia 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(4):R135-11
Introduction
Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a recently described cytokine that is a strong inducer of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. The expression of this cytokine is highly increased in the rheumatoid synovium and correlated with the severity of joint inflammation. Little is known regarding the innate immune-related regulation of IL-32 by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). We therefore investigated the effect of innate immune stimulation by ligands of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR3, and TLR4, and cytokines such as TNF-α and interferon (IFN)-γ, on IL-32 expression by FLSs. 相似文献6.
Background
The nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) play central roles in regulating metabolism in adipose tissue, as well as being targets for the treatment of insulin resistance. While the role of PPARγ in regulating insulin sensitivity has been well defined, research into PPARδ has been limited until recently due to a scarcity of selective PPARδ agonists. 相似文献7.
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Arnaud Bianchi David Moulin Sylvie Sebillaud Meriem Koufany Marie-Madeleine Galteau Patrick Netter Bernard Terlain Jean-Yves Jouzeau 《Arthritis research & therapy》2005,7(6):R1325
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES)-1 is a newly identified inducible enzyme of the arachidonic acid cascade with
a key function in prostaglandin (PG)E2 synthesis. We investigated the kinetics of inducible cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 and mPGES-1 expression with respect to the production
of 6-keto-PGF1α and PGE2 in rat chondrocytes stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β, and compared their modulation by peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor
(PPAR)γ agonists. Real-time PCR analysis showed that IL-1β induced COX-2 expression maximally (37-fold) at 12 hours and mPGES-1
expression maximally (68-fold) at 24 hours. Levels of 6-keto-PGF1α and PGE2 peaked 24 hours after stimulation with IL-1β; the induction of PGE2 was greater (11-fold versus 70-fold, respectively). The cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-Δ12,14prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) decreased prostaglandin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner (0.1 to 10 μM), with more potency on PGE2 level than on 6-keto-PGF1α level (-90% versus -66% at 10 μM). A high dose of 15d-PGJ2 partly decreased COX-2 expression but decreased mPGES-1 expression almost completely at both the mRNA and protein levels.
Rosiglitazone was poorly effective on these parameters even at 10 μM. Inhibitory effects of 10 μM 15d-PGJ2 were neither reduced by PPARγ blockade with GW-9662 nor enhanced by PPARγ overexpression, supporting a PPARγ-independent
mechanism. EMSA and TransAM? analyses demonstrated that mutated IκBα almost completely suppressed the stimulating effect of IL-1β on mPGES-1 expression
and PGE2 production, whereas 15d-PGJ2 inhibited NF-κB transactivation. These data demonstrate the following in IL-1-stimulated rat chondrocytes: first, mPGES-1
is rate limiting for PGE2 synthesis; second, activation of the prostaglandin cascade requires NF-κB activation; third, 15d-PGJ2 strongly inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins, in contrast with rosiglitazone; fourth, inhibition by 15d-PGJ2 occurs independently of PPARγ through inhibition of the NF-κB pathway; fifth, mPGES-1 is the main target of 15d-PGJ2. 相似文献
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Elda Dervishi Carmen Serrano Margalida Joy Malena Serrano Clementina Rodellar Jorge H Calvo 《BMC veterinary research》2010,6(1):40
Background
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are receiving increasing attention because of their beneficial effects on human health, with milk and meat products derived from ruminants as important sources of CLA in the human diet. SCD gene is responsible for some of the variation in CLA concentration in adipose tissues, and PPARγ, PPARα and SREBP1 genes are regulator of SCD gene. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the feeding system on fatty acid composition, CLA content and relative gene expression of Δ9-desaturase (SCD), Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ), Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha, (PPARα) and Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein (SREBP1) in Rasa Aragonesa light lambs in semitendinous muscle. Forty-four single-born male lambs were used to evaluate the effect of the feeding system, varying on an intensity gradient according to the use of concentrates: 1. grazing alfalfa, 2. grazing alfalfa with a supplement for lambs, 3. indoor lambs with grazing ewes and 4. drylot. 相似文献12.
Background
Adipose tissues serve not only as a store for energy in the form of lipid, but also as endocrine tissues that regulates metabolic activities of the organism by secreting various kinds of hormones. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a key regulator of adipocyte differentiation that induces the expression of adipocyte-specific genes in preadipocytes and mediates their differentiation into adipocytes. Furthermore, PPARγ has an important role to maintain the physiological function of mature adipocyte by controlling expressions of various genes properly. Therefore, any reduction in amount and activity of PPARγ is linked to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. 相似文献13.
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Nadir Chabane Nadia Zayed Mohamed Benderdour Johanne Martel-Pelletier Jean-Pierre Pelletier Nicolas Duval Hassan Fahmi 《Arthritis research & therapy》2009,11(2):R44
Introduction
15-Lipoxygenases and their metabolites have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, but little is known regarding their expression and function in chondrocytes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 and -2 in human articular chondrocytes, and to investigate the effects of their metabolites 13(S)-hydroxy octadecadienoic and 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids on IL-1β-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-13 expression. 相似文献16.
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Hilde Kelchtermans Evelien Schurgers Lies Geboes Tania Mitera Jo Van Damme Jacques Van Snick Catherine Uyttenhove Patrick Matthys 《Arthritis research & therapy》2009,11(4):R122-13
Introduction
Interleukin (IL)-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Since interferon (IFN)-γ inhibits Th17 cell development, IFN-γ receptor knockout (IFN-γR KO) mice develop CIA more readily. We took advantage of this model to analyse the mechanisms of action of IL-17 in arthritis. The role of IFN-γ on the effector mechanisms of IL-17 in an in vitro system was also investigated. 相似文献18.
Timing of induced volatile emissions in maize seedlings 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
Maize (Zea mays L.) releases specific volatiles in response to herbivory by caterpillars. These volatiles are known to serve as cues for
parasitic wasps to locate the herbivores. In the present study the exact time of volatile emission after simulated herbivory
(mechanical damage and treatment with caterpillar regurgitant) was measured for seedlings of the cultivars “Ioana Sweet Corn”
and “LG11”. Odours were collected every 0.5 h for a total of 12 h. Typical “green leaf odours”, (Z)-3-hexenal, (E )-2-hexenal, (Z)-hexen-1-o1, and (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate, were emitted immediately upon damage and their amounts dropped
rapidly after the first collections. Several of the induced compounds were released within 2 h after treatment, while others
(mainly sesquiterpenoids) started to be released after 4 h. The LG11 seedlings emitted several compounds (e.g. β-myrcene,
(Z)-β-ocimene, benzyl acetate, β-caryophyllene, (E,E )-α-farnesene) that were not detected for Ioana. (E,E )-α-farnesene was continuously emitted by LG11 seedlings, even by undamaged plants. Timing of the release of volatile compounds
that the two varieties had in common did not differ significantly, with the exception of indole for which the peak production
was considerably earlier for LG11. These findings are discussed in the context of biosynthetic pathways and mechanisms involved
in induced emissions of plant volatiles and the exploitation of the resulting odour by parasitoids and predators of herbivores.
Received: 23 October 1997 / Accepted: 9 June 1998 相似文献
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Sujata Sarkar Laura A Cooney Peter White Deborah B Dunlop Judith Endres Julie M Jorns Matthew J Wasco David A Fox 《Arthritis research & therapy》2009,11(5):R158-15
Introduction
Interleukin (IL)-17 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and the mouse model collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Interferon(IFN)-γ and IL-4 have been shown to suppress Th17 development in vitro, but their potential immunoregulatory roles in vivo are uncertain. The goals of this study were to determine the relationship between Th17 responses and disease severity in CIA and to assess regulation of IL-17 by endogenous IFN-γ and IL-4. 相似文献20.
Chomphunuch Songsiriritthigul Bancha Buranabanyat Dietmar Haltrich Montarop Yamabhai 《Microbial cell factories》2010,9(1):20