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1.
The European bitterling, Rhodeus amarus, is a non-indigenous fish species in British fresh waters. It lays its eggs in unionid mussels which themselves are vulnerable
to fouling by the non-indigenous zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. Observations from an unmanipulated natural system showed that only 27% of zebra mussel-fouled Unio pictorum hosted bitterling, while 47% of unfouled U. pictorum hosted bitterling. We conducted a field experiment in the River Great Ouse catchment, Cambridgeshire, England in May–June
2007 and 2008 to quantify the impact of zebra mussels on bitterling load in host mussels. Zebra mussel-fouled unionids were
significantly less likely to host bitterling than unfouled unionids. The number of unionids hosting bitterling did not differ
significantly whether the zebra mussels fouling the unionid were alive or dead. Bitterling appeared to discriminate against
zebra mussel-fouled unionids less as the 2007 breeding season advanced, potentially because preferred unfouled unionids had
a higher bitterling load, and were therefore relatively lower quality hosts than at the start of the breeding season. 相似文献
2.
Molly Van Appledorn David A. Lamb Kinneret Albalak Catherine E. Bach 《Hydrobiologia》2007,575(1):441-445
Invasive species can drive native organisms to extinction by limiting movement and accessibility to essential resources. The
purpose of this study was to determine if zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) affect the burrowing ability and growth rate of a native snail, Campeloma decisum. Snails with and without zebra mussels were collected from Douglas Lake, MI, and burrowing depths were studied in both the
laboratory and Douglas Lake. Growth rates were calculated as the amount of shell growth from 2004 to 2005. Both the tendency
of snails to burrow and the depth to which they burrowed into the substrate were significantly decreased by the presence of
zebra mussels on snail shells in both laboratory and lake experiments. There was no difference in the percentage of snails
that exhibited growth as a function of zebra mussel presence. However, for those snails that grew, there was a 50% higher
growth rate for snails without zebra mussels compared to snails with zebra mussels. These negative effects of zebra mussels
on growth and burrowing ability will likely lead to decreases in snail population densities in the future.
Handling editor: S. Wellekens 相似文献
3.
I. V. Pozdeev 《Inland Water Biology》2011,4(1):97-100
The distribution of Dreissena polymorpha in the northeastern part of the Kama River basin is limited to the area with the following geographic coordinates: 59°37′–54°00′
N and 57°10′–49°03′ E. The range of the zebra mussel is continuous along the Kama, Belaya, and Ufa rivers. Isolated populations
of this mollusk exist in the Belaya and Vyatka river floodplains. The distribution of dreissena in the running waters of the
Kama River basin is limited by the potamal conditions. 相似文献
4.
We checked whether the induced anti-predator defences of zebra mussels are able to affect the predation success of roach,
being one of the most efficient zebra mussel predators in Europe. Previously, several anti-predator defences of mussels have
been observed in the presence of roach, including stronger attachment, aggregation forming and inhibition of upward movement.
However, the actual efficiency of these responses to reduce the mussel vulnerability to predation was unknown. To check the
effectiveness of attachment strength, we exposed mussels for 6 (strong attachment), 1 (weak attachment) or 0 (unattached)
days in ceramic trays and then presented the trays to fish in an experimental tank. To test the effectiveness of aggregation,
we glued mussels to the trays in groups of three (touching one another) or singly using denture glue and exposed them to fish.
To check the effect of the vertical position, we glued mussels with denture glue to the bottom and 10, 20 and 30 cm above
the bottom of the tank with fish. After 1-h exposure, we determined the percentages of consumed mussels. Roach predation rate
was lowest on strongly attached mussels, intermediate on weakly attached mussels and highest on unattached mussels. Aggregated
mussels were less frequently consumed than singletons. Conversely, the vertical position of mussels did not affect the roach
predation success. Our study demonstrates that the behavioural defences exhibited by zebra mussels can increase their survival
in the presence of predators and thus emphasizes the importance of the anti-predator behaviour of this species. 相似文献
5.
Habitat engineering role of the invasive zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas) was studied in the Curonian lagoon, a shallow water body in the SE Baltic. Impacts of live zebra mussel clumps and
its shell deposits on benthic biodiversity were differentiated and referred to unmodified (bare) sediments. Zebra mussel bed
was distinguished from other habitat types by higher benthic invertebrate biomass, abundance, and species richness. The impact
of live mussels on biodiversity was more pronounced than the effect of shell deposits. The structure of macrofaunal community
in the habitats with >103 g/m2 of shell deposits devoid of live mussels was similar to that found within the zebra mussel bed. There was a continuous shift
in species composition and abundance along the gradient ‘bare sediments—shell deposits—zebra mussel bed’. The engineering
impact of zebra mussel on the benthic community became apparent both in individual patches and landscape-level analyses. 相似文献
6.
I. S. Voroshilova V. S. Artamonova A. A. Makhrov Yu. V. Slyn’ko 《Biology Bulletin》2010,37(5):542-547
Dreissenids display a high diversity of shell morphology, and it is frequently difficult to ascribe some individuals from
mixed populations to one of the two species, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) or D. bugensis (Andrusov, 1897). Presumably, such individuals may be interspecific hybrids. We have analyzed species-specific allozyme loci
of the typical representatives of these two mussel species and putative interspecific hybrids. A natural interspecific hybrid
between D. polymorpha and D. bugensis was discovered for the first time by genetic methods. It has been demonstrated that D. bugensis was a maternal parent. 相似文献
7.
In the present study, the effect of chemical cues from two fish species (mosquitofish and pumpkinseed), at different concentrations,
was tested in life history experiments with Daphnia longispina. The two fish species used represent the most abundant planktivores of many Mediterranean shallow lakes (SW Europe), where
the indigenous fish communities have been replaced by such exotic assemblages. Results have shown a similar response of D. longispina to both fish species: kairomones stimulated daphnids to produce more offspring, which resulted in higher fitness (r), relatively to a fishless control. Fish presence also induced an earlier first reproduction, a smaller size at maturity
of daphnids, and the production of smaller-sized neonates. Significant correlations with fish concentration (indirect measure
of fish kairomone concentration) were found for size at maturity and neonate size, for both fish species. These results are
in accordance to the “positive response” observed by other authors, which represents a defence mechanism to face losses caused
by fish predators. The chemically mediated size reduction of mature females and neonates is an adaptive response to the size-selective
predation exerted by fish. Pumpkinseed introduction is very recent in the lake of origin of the daphnids used in the experiments
and its kairomone produced similar effects to mosquitofish in the life history of D. longispina. These results are contrary to the existence of a species-specific kairomone and support the hypothesis of a general fish
kairomone.
Guest editor: Piet Spaak
Cladocera: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Cladocera 相似文献
8.
Olga I. Belykh Ekaterina G. Sorokovikova Galina A. Fedorova Oksana V. Kaluzhnaya Evgeniya S. Korneva Maria V. Sakirko Tatyana A. Sherbakova 《Hydrobiologia》2011,671(1):241-252
A survey was conducted for the presence of cyanobacteria toxins in Lake Kotokel due to a few cases of Haff disease registered
in 2008–2009 caused by consumption of fish from Lake Kotokel, and wildlife mortality including large fish kill. The aims of
this study were to determine what cyanotoxins (if any) were present in the lake, to describe phytoplankton composition including
morphology, density, and species diversity of cyanobacteria, as well as to evaluate the trophic state of the lake. Samples
were collected from both nearshore and central sites in August of 2009. Aphanocapsa holsatica dominated the phytoplankton. The presence of toxigenic genotypes of Microcystis spp. and Anabaena lemmermannii was detected by sequencing of PCR-amplified aminotransferase domain of microcystin synthetase gene. LR, RR, and YR microcystin
(MC) variants were detected with liquid chromatography-UV mass spectrometry. The data do not shed light on the etiology of
Haff disease in Lake Kotokel region, nevertheless taking into account the recreational importance of the lake and its direct
connection to Lake Baikal, a necessity to monitor cyanobacteria in these water bodies is evident. This is the first report
on simultaneous detection of MC-producing genotypes and MCs in the Lake Baikal region. 相似文献
9.
Quantitative and qualitative changes in the feeding spectra and growth patterns are studied in the larvae and juveniles of
perch in artificial water ecosystems (mesocosms) in the presence of a filter-feeding zebra mussel. At a stocking density of
0.75 kg/m2, the presence of a zebra mussel leads to a change in the feeding conditions of zooplankton, to a decrease in its abundance
in regards to critical values for fish feeding, to an increase in the abundance of organisms of macrobenthos in the food,
and to the rapid transition of the fish to feeding on chironomids. As a result of these changes, the growth rate of perch
larvae decreases, their development at step D
1 is delayed, the differentiation of the juveniles by size is accelerated, their size and weight variability increases, and
individual predators (cannibals) appear. 相似文献
10.
Kurtzman CP 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2011,100(3):455-462
Ogataea
parapolymorpha sp. n. (NRRL YB-1982, CBS 12304, type strain), the ascosporic state of Candida
parapolymorpha, is described. The species appears homothallic, assimilates methanol as is typical of most Ogataea species and forms hat-shaped ascospores in asci that become deliquescent. O. parapolymorpha is closely related to Ogataea
angusta and Ogataea
polymorpha. The three species can be resolved from gene sequence analyses but are unresolved from fermentation and growth reactions
that are typically used for yeast identification. On the basis of multiple isolates, O. angusta is known only from California, USA, in association with Drosophila and Aulacigaster flies, O. parapolymorpha is predominantly associated with insect frass from trees in the eastern USA but O. polymorpha has been isolated from various substrates in the USA, Brazil, Spain and Costa Rica. 相似文献
11.
This study investigates whether ecosystem alteration occurred in a shallow, lowland lake following establishment of the alien zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas). Measurements of total phosphorus (TP) loads, lake TP concentrations, phytoplankton (chlorophyll a) and transparency levels for the period 1990–2008 were examined to determine the water quality effects of D. polymorpha. The period of time also included the implementation of catchment measures aimed at reducing phosphorus (P) loading to the lake. A range of loading-response models was tested to explore changes in the net sedimentation rate for P. Results show that while high TP loads from the catchment were reduced, TP concentrations in the lake remained high after D. polymorpha invasion. Decoupling of the previous chlorophyll a–TP relationship also occurred. Results from a TP loading-response model that closely simulated observed concentrations in the lake prior to establishment of D. polymorpha indicated that measured TP post establishment was statistically higher than predicted for the same conditions but without the presence of D. polymorpha. Data presented in the paper highlight the need to consider the potential impacts of invasive species in evaluations of the effectiveness of measures aimed at mitigating aquatic pollution. 相似文献
12.
The north and south basins of Windermere in the English Lake District, UK, support autumn- and spring-spawning populations
of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, which have been studied since the 1930s. Continuous investigations of the population dynamics of Arctic charr at this lake
have involved gill netting since 1939, collection of fishery catch-per-unit-effort data since 1966, and hydroacoustic surveys
since 1990. Analysis of these and associated long-term data on the abiotic environment and other components of the fish communities
revealed recently contrasting fortunes of the Arctic charr populations of the north and south basins, the latter of which
has been significantly impacted by eutrophication while both basins have shown elevated water temperatures and increasing
roach, Rutilus rutilus, populations. Despite the introduction of phosphate stripping in 1992 and some subsequent initial improvement, the hypolimnion
of the south basin still remains significantly eutrophicated and the fishery catch-per-unit-effort in this basin is now at
record low levels. In addition, the spatial distribution of roach has expanded to form significant components of the fish
communities of inshore and offshore surface habitats, where this cyprinid may compete with Arctic charr for zooplanktonic
prey. It is concluded that the Arctic charr populations of Windermere, particularly those of the south basin, currently face
a number of significant environmental pressures and continued management action is required to ensure their survival. 相似文献
13.
It was established that the process of repeated attachment to a substrate in bivalve mollusks Crenomytilus grayanus (Grays mussel) and Modiolus modiolus (the northern horse mussel) involved several successive stages which took in vitro about one month at a water temperature of 19 ± 2°C. Comparison with Grays mussel revealed that the northern horse mussel had a higher rate of byssal thread production and a greater thread number by the end of the complete formation of the byssus complex. The observed differences are explained by the adaptation of mollusks to habitation in different biotopes.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Biologiya Morya, Selin, Vekhova. 相似文献
14.
O. M. Potyutko 《Inland Water Biology》2018,11(3):337-343
The swash-ice zone of the Curonian Lagoon comprises the depths from a lower margin of the supralittoral to a lower margin of the swash subzone (0.7 m). This zone extends from a few meters to 250 m. This zone is the area of expatriation of Dreissena polymorpha because of its complete freezing in winter. However, this species prevails in the swash-ice zone in terms of the frequency of occurrence and the ratio in the total abundance and biomass of macrozoobenthos. Zebra mussels form large beds; their abundance and biomass reach 1420 ind./m2 and 74.334 g/m2, respectively. Population replenishment in this zone occurs sporadically due to adult individuals brought here from the consortium communities, where zebra mussel + Unionidae and zebra mussel + Viviparidae are the determining centers, as well as due to the settling of the mollusks of the veliconch stage. 相似文献
15.
Brian Quinn Mark J. Costello Germaine Dorange James G. Wilson Carmel Mothersill 《Cytotechnology》2009,59(2):121-134
Despite the successful transfer of mammalian in vitro techniques for use with fish and other vertebrates, little progress
has been made in the area of invertebrate tissue culture. This paper describes the development of an in vitro technique for
the culture of both cells in suspension and tissue explants from the gill, digestive gland and mantle of the zebra mussel
(Dreissena polymorpha) and their successful maintenance in culture for up to 14 days. Cell suspensions from the gills and digestive gland were
the most successful technique developed with viability >80% maintained for up to 8 days in culture, suitable for use in short
term toxicity tests. Tissue explants from the mantle were also maintained in culture for up to 14 days. This paper describes
the challenges involved in the development of a novel in vitro culture technique for aquatic invertebrates. 相似文献
16.
First year ontogenetic diet patterns and size-dependent diet partitioning of two coexisting piscivorous percids, pikeperch and Volga pikeperch were analysed in Lake Balaton. Diet patterns of the two pikeperches followed a common trend, catching larger preys at larger sizes, but in details they were different. Until 20–30 mm size age-0 pikeperch fed on planktonic microcrustaceans and were found only in the pelagic zone. After this size, from the end of May, a part of the stock shifted habitat and moved to the littoral zone to feed on Limnomysis benedeni. Majority of the stock stayed in the pelagic zone and shifted to Leptodora kindtii. In the pelagic group early piscivory, mainly cannibalism, occurred only sporadically. However, the few individuals that reached 100 mm size during the first year were typically piscivorous. Volga pikeperch stayed in the pelagic zone during the first year and shifted from planktonic microcrustaceans to benthic macroinvertebrates. General patterns of the first year diet ontogeny were similar in the different areas of Lake Balaton in both pikeperches with only some differences in the secondary food resources, especially in the share of chironomids. Chironomids were eaten at highest ratio by the two fish species in the Keszthely basin in accordance with their abundance pattern. Maximum prey sizes increased significantly with predator size in both pikeperch and Volga pikeperch. However, pikeperch ate much larger prey than did Volga pikeperch at the same size although they have a similar mouth gape to length ratio. These two, closely related pikeperches, although occur in the same habitat and have similar patterns of diet ontogeny, effectively partition food resources in Lake Balaton during the first growing season, except in the very beginning of their ontogeny at L = 5–10 mm size. It appears that age-0 Volga pikeperch is not a significant competitor for the economically highly rated pikeperch in Lake Balaton. On the other hand, it is age-0 pikeperch that might affect Volga pikeperch during its early ontogeny, in the planktivorous stage. 相似文献
17.
The nosed charr Salvelinus schmidti that inhabits the littoral zone of Lake Kronotskoe is divided into two groups according to food preferences and parasite fauna. Fish of the first group (G) predominantly feed on gammarids and are characterized by a high infestation with Cystidicola farionis, Cyathocephalus truncatus, and Crepidostomum spр. Fish of the second group (A) do not consume gammarids but feed mostly on chironomid larvae and pupae and on mollusks; the predominant parasites are Phyllodistomum umblae and Proteocephalus longicollis. The significant difference in the abundance of C. farionis, which remains in fish at least for 2 years, is indicative of a long-term and persistent trophic diversification between the charr groups. Moreover, significantly higher growth rates, a larger body size, and a longer lifespan are observed for fish of group G. The feeding strategy of the nosed charr is maintained throughout the life and does not depend on the sex of fish and their distribution within the littoral zone of the lake. 相似文献
18.
We studied habitat choice, diet, food consumption and somatic growth of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) during the ice-covered winter period of a subarctic lake in northern Norway. Both Arctic charr and brown trout predominantly
used the littoral zone during winter time. Despite very cold winter conditions (water temperature <1°C) and poor light conditions,
both fish species fed continuously during the ice-covered period, although at a much lower rate than during the summer season.
No somatic growth could be detected during the ice-covered winter period and the condition factor of both species significantly
declined, suggesting that the winter feeding rates were similar to or below the maintenance requirements. Also, the species
richness and diversity of ingested prey largely decreased from summer to winter for both fish species. The winter diet of
Arctic charr <20 cm was dominated by benthic insect larvae, chironomids in particular, and Gammarus lacustris, but zooplankton was also important in December. G. lacustris was the dominant prey of charr >20 cm. The winter diet of brown trout <20 cm was dominated by insect larvae, whereas large-sized
trout mainly was piscivorous, feeding on juvenile Arctic charr. Piscivorous feeding behaviour of trout was in contrast rarely
seen during the summer months when their encounter with potential fish prey was rare as the small-sized charr mainly inhabited
the profundal. The study demonstrated large differences in the ecology and interactions of Arctic charr and brown trout between
the winter and summer seasons. 相似文献
19.
Dated sediment cores from acidified and fishless Lake Gaffeln and Lake Härsvatten, SW Sweden, were analyzed for Daphnia ephippia and Chaoborus mandibles to test whether acidification history and fish extirpations could be reconstructed in a paleo-study using these easily identifiable animal remains. According to monitoring data fish were lost in both lakes from the 1950s to the 1970s. Progressive acidification prior to monitoring was confirmed by a gradual decrease and eventual loss of Daphnia ephippia in both study lakes during the first half of the twentieth century. In Lake Gaffeln mandibles of C. obscuripes appeared immediately after fish loss in 1973, and the regular presence of this species confirmed the succeeding fishless state of this lake. In Lake Härsvatten sediments C. obscuripes appeared only recently, i.e. three decades after fish extirpation, showing that the absence of C. obscuripes mandibles is not a trustworthy indicator of fish presence. Hence, the appearance of C. obscuripes was not temporally related to fish loss but confirmed the present fishless condition. Known historical presence of cyprinid fish in Lake Gaffeln was confirmed by a significantly higher proportion of fragmented mandibles of C. flavicans compared to the historically cyprinid-free Lake Härsvatten. In addition, both lake profiles displayed zero-proportions of fragmented mandibles during fishless periods. We conclude that acidification history and fish extirpations can be inferred by integrated studies on subfossil Daphnia ephippia and Chaoborus mandibles. However, during extreme ultra-oligotrophic conditions in acidified clear-water lakes subfossil Chaoborus mandibles may be too scarce to infer fish absence/presence. 相似文献
20.
In the Peter the Great Bay (the Sea of Japan), reproduction and embryonic larval development of Pholis picta and Opisthocentrus zonope are investigated. Both species spawn in November–December at the water temperature decreasing from 7.0 to 0.2°C. Fecundity of Pholis picta is 494–1228 eggs, and of Opisthocentrus zonope—368–1360 eggs. Both species lay eggs in empty shells of Gray mussel. Parent fish permanently stay in the shell but do not actively care for the eggs. Morphological changes in the process of embryogenesis are compared between the related species. Prolarvae and larvae are described for identification, with special attention to pigmentation. The spawning behavior of adult fish and behavior of prolarvae are described. 相似文献