云南割舌树的化学成分

从云南割舌树（Walsura yunnanensis C.Y.Wu.)树皮的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了12个化合物,它们分别是walsurol(1),tocopherol(2),sitoindoside Ⅰ（3）,3β-stigmast-5-en-3-yl-β-D-xylopyranoside(4),stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one(5),7-oxositosterol(6),3β-hydroxy-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-diene(7),(-)epicatechin(8),3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxylphenylethanol(9),间三甲氧基苯,（β－谷甾醇和胡萝卜甙,新化合物1命名为割舌醇（walsurol)。     

紫茎泽兰中的酚酸衍生物和甾类化学成分

为了解紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng.)的化学成分,从其地上部分茎和叶中分离得到4个酚酸衍生物和5个甾体化合物。经光谱分析,分别鉴定为2-羟基苯丙醇(1)、香豆素(2)、去甲氧基英西卡林(3)、英西卡林(4)、3β-acetoxy-25-hydroxydammara-20,23-diene(5)、3β-acetoxy-24-hydroxydammara-20,25-diene(6)、豆甾-4,22-二烯-3-酮(7)、豆甾醇(8)和β-胡萝卜苷(9)。化合物1、2、5~7为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

环带小薄孔菌发酵液的化学成分研究

环带小薄孔菌(Antrodiella zonata)发酵液经浓缩、乙酸乙酯萃取后得到浸膏,再用硅胶、RP-18、Sephadex LH-20等材料以及MPLC、HPLC等仪器进行分离纯化,最终利用理化方法和波谱分析进行结构鉴定,从中分离并鉴定了8个化合物,它们分别为薄孔菌素(antrodiellone)(1)、22E-7α-methoxy-5α,6α-epoxyergosta-8(14),22-dien-3β-ol(2)、3β,5α-dihydroxy-6β-methoxyergosta-7,22-diene(3)、6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester(4)、6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid(5)、对羟基苯乙醇(6)、5-羟乙基糠醛(7)、环-(亮-缬)二肽(8)。其中1为新化合物,其余化合物均首次从该种真菌中分离得到。     

环带小薄孔菌发酵液的化学成分研究北大核心CSCD

环带小薄孔菌(Antrodiella zonata)发酵液经浓缩、乙酸乙酯萃取后得到浸膏,再用硅胶、RP-18、Sephadex LH-20等材料以及MPLC、HPLC等仪器进行分离纯化,最终利用理化方法和波谱分析进行结构鉴定,从中分离并鉴定了8个化合物,它们分别为薄孔菌素(antrodiellone)(1)、22E-7α-methoxy-5α,6α-epoxyergosta-8(14),22-dien-3β-ol(2)、3β,5α-dihydroxy-6β-methoxyergosta-7,22-diene(3)、6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester(4)、6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid(5)、对羟基苯乙醇(6)、5-羟乙基糠醛(7)、环-(亮-缬)二肽(8)。其中1为新化合物,其余化合物均首次从该种真菌中分离得到。     

肋果茶中的萜类化学成分研究

从肋果茶(Sladenia celastrifolia)95％乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到15个萜类化合物,经波谱学方法分别鉴定为sladeniafolin A(1),grasshopper ketone (2),(3S,5R,6S,7E,9R) -7-megastigmene-3,6,9-triol (3),hedytriol (4),(3S,5R,6R,7E,9R) -3,5,6,9-tetrahydroxy-7-megastigmene(5),1′S*,4′R*-8-(4′-hydroxy-2′,6′,6′-trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)-6-methyloct-3E,5E,7E-trien -2-one (6),2α,3α,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (7),2α,3β,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(8),pomolic acid(9),3-O-acetyl pomolic acid(10),ursaldehyde (11),camarolide (12),3β-hydroxyurs-11-en-13β(28) -olide (13),3β-hydroxy -11α,12α-epoxy-urs-13β,28-olide (14)和28-0-β-D-glucopyranosyl euscaphic acid (15).以上化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到,其中1为新的C9裂环烯醚萜.     

茶褐牛肝菌化学成分研究

为了解茶褐牛肝菌(Neoboletus brunneissimus)的化学成分,共分离鉴定了18个化合物,经理化性质和波谱分析,分别鉴定为5α,8α-环二氧-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(1)、5α,8α-环二氧-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-6,9(11),22-三烯-3β-醇(2)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β-醇(3)、(24S)-麦角甾-7-烯-3β-醇(4)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(5)、(24S)-乙基胆甾烯-7-烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(6),(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β,9α-四烯(7)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-5,7,2-三烯-3β-醇(8)、3β-O-吡喃葡萄糖基-5α,8α-环二氧-(22E,24R)-麦角-6,22-二烯(9)、富马酸单甲酯(10)、富马酸(11)、琥珀酸(12)、反-2-癸烯二酸(13)、烟酸(14)、烟酰胺(15)、莽草酸(16)、亚油酸-α-甘油酯(17)和1-O-吡喃葡萄糖基-(2S,3R,4E,8E,2′R)-2-N-(2′-羟基棕榈酰)-9-甲基-4,8-鞘氨醇(18)。以上化合物均为首次从茶褐牛肝菌中分离得到,其中化合物6、9、13和17为首次从牛肝菌科高等真菌中分离得到。     

黔产剑叶凤尾蕨的化学成分研究

为研究剑叶凤尾蕨(Pteris ensiformis)的化学成分,该研究选用硅胶、凝胶、MCI、C₁₈等柱色谱进行分离纯化,结合¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR、MS、IR等波谱数据鉴定化合物结构,并通过MTS和APTT、PT以及TT等方法对所分离得到的部分单体化合物进行抗肿瘤和抗凝血活性筛选。结果表明：(1)从剑叶凤尾蕨中分离得到15个化合物,分别为2-羟基-乙酰基吡咯(1)、N-(3-羧丙基)-2-乙酰基吡咯(2)、3-羟基-2-甲基吡啶(3)、N-甲基羟胺(4)、pterosin S 13-O-glucoside(5)、obtupterosin C(6)、ent-11α-hydroxy-15-oxokauran-19-oic acid(7)、ent-11α-hydroxy-15-oxokaur-16-en-19-oic acid(8)、β-谷甾醇(9)、ent-11α-hydroxy-15-oxokaur-16-en-19-oic acid-O-glucopyranoside(10)、5, 5′-二丁氧基-2, 2′-...     

美丽红豆杉种子化学成分的研究(Ⅰ)

从美丽红豆杉种子中分离得到1个甾醇和9个紫杉烷类化合物,鉴定为β-谷甾醇(1),5α-cinnamoyloxy-9α％,10β,13α-triacetoxy-taxa-4(20),11-diene(2),taxinine(3),taxinine J(4),taxinine B(5),taxinineE(6),10-deacetyltaxinine(7),taxuspinew(8),decinnarnoyltaxinineE(9)和紫杉醇(10)。除化合物2、3、4以外,其它均为首次从该植物种子中获得。     

云南崖摩的化学成分研究

从云南崖摩（Amoora yunnanensis(H.L.Li)C.Y.Wu.）树皮的乙醇提取物中分离得到8个化合物,通过波谱方法鉴定它们分别是：3β,7α,16β-trihydroxy-stigmast-5,22-diene(1)、3β,7α,16β-rtihydroxy-stigmast-5-ene(2)、ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3β,7α-diol(3)、ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3β,7β,16β-triol(4)、β-amyrone(5)、β-amyrin(6)、11α,12α-epoxy-14-taraxeren-3-one(7)和6－guaiene-4α,10α-diol(8)。其中1和2为新化合物。     

石榴嗜蓝孢孔菌发酵液中一个新drimane型倍半萜

采用硅胶、RP-18、Sephadex LH-20等多种材料对石榴嗜蓝孢孔菌发酵液的乙酸乙酯提取部分分离纯化,通过理化方法和波谱分析对化合物进行结构鉴定。分离鉴定了11个化合物,经波谱数据分析分别鉴定为角鲨烯(1)、棕榈酸(2)、(9Z,12Z)-十八烷二烯酸(3)、(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol(4)、亚油酸甲酯(5)、麦角甾-4,6,8(14),22-四烯-3-酮(6)、麦角甾-5,7,22-三烯-3β-醇(7)、过氧麦角甾醇(8)、2α-methoxyl-3β,9β-dihydroxyergosta-7,22-diene(9)、3β,6β-dihydroxycinnamolide(10)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(11)。化合物10是一个新的drimane型倍半萜,其他化合物均首次从该种真菌中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.