顺式环氧琥珀酸水解酶产生菌的筛选及产酶条件

从65株诺卡氏菌中,筛选到一株产顺式环氧琥珀酸水解酶(ESH)的菌株,经鉴定为酒石酸诺卡氏菌(Nocardia tartaricans)SW13-57。在14L发酵罐中通过诱导培养,能在细胞内产生ESH酶活力达120u/g。产酶条件研究表明用丙二醇作碳源,硫酸铵作氮源,顺式环氧琥珀酸作诱导剂,初始pH7.0,温度30℃,通过培养24～30h,产酶量最高。该产酶菌株已被用于固定化细胞方法连续生产L(+)酒石酸。     

定向进化和半理性设计改造顺式环氧琥珀酸水解酶

【背景】D(-)-酒石酸是非天然有机酸,在保健品、食品和肿瘤药物合成等行业具有重大应用潜力,目前主要通过生物转化法生产,即顺式环氧琥珀酸水解酶[cis-epoxysuccinic acid hydrolase,CESH(D)]水解顺式环氧琥珀酸(cis-epoxysuccinic acid, ESH)生成D(-)-酒石酸。该法简单温和,但存在CESH(D)酶活转化效率低下的瓶颈问题。【目的】通过基因工程改造,提高CESH(D)的酶活力、温度和pH稳定性。【方法】利用定向进化和半理性设计体外改造CESH(D),高通量筛选出正向突变体;然后对其进行酶学性质研究,包括比酶活、温度和pH对酶催化效率的影响、酶的温度稳定性、pH稳定性及酶促动力学分析;最后通过分子对接等手段分析突变位点影响催化活性的初步机制。【结果】筛选获得4个正向突变体L231P/N226S、V77I、D183E和T223S。与野生型相比,4个突变体的比酶活分别提高2.2、1.6、1.5和1.4倍。其中,L231P/N226S的温度稳定性和pH稳定性较野生型均有显著提高,55℃时催化活性为野生型的1.6倍,pH 6.0时催化活...     

产顺式环氧琥珀酸水解酶的红球菌M1菌株的分离鉴定及其产酶条件优化

从土壤中筛选到一株产顺式环氧琥珀酸水解酶（ESH）的菌株,经生理生化、Biolog碳源利用试验和16S rDNA序列分析系统发育研究,菌株可能为赤红球菌(Rhodococcus ruber) M1。摇瓶试验确定了最佳碳源、氮源、顺式环氧琥珀酸二钠添加时间和添加量。正交优化试验的最佳培养基和培养时间为：葡萄糖12%,硫酸铵06%,酵母膏05%;顺式环氧琥珀酸二钠投加时间为30h,投加量为358%;菌体培养时间70h。摇瓶试验ESH酶活达750U/g湿细胞。目前该菌株已经应用于固定化细胞连续生产L(+)酒石酸。     

用诺卡氏菌酶法转化顺式环氧琥珀酸生产L（＋）—酒石酸的研究

L(+)酒石酸(又称d-酒石酸),是一种重要的食品添加剂和医药拆分剂,在食品工业、医药工业和化学工业中有广泛用途。传统的L(+)酒石酸是从葡萄酒副产物酒石中提取的。世界主要厂商在西欧。随着世界经济发展,对酒石酸的需求量越来越大,由于酒石供应量有限,酒石酸因此不能满足供应。而且常常受气候、葡萄种植业、葡萄酒酿造业的影响,导致较大的价格波动。因此开发新的酒石酸生产方法就必然引起人们重视。 早年(1929年)就有发酵法直接从葡萄     

固定化诺卡氏菌细胞生产L(+)酒石酸的研究

用明胶包埋酒石酸诺卡氏菌(Nocardia tartaricans SWl3—57)得到顺式环氧琥珀酸开环水解酶活力较高的固定化细胞。固定化细胞的最适温度为30～45℃,而游离细胞的最适温度为35～45℃。两者的最适pH均为8．0～9．0,固定化细胞的表观米氏常数Km为0．256mol／L,而游离细胞有底物抑制作用,在底物浓度小于0．45mol／L时Km为0．246mol／L。用固定化细胞装柱(y=100ml),pH8．S,温度37℃,稀释速率D=0．25h^-1,以0．5mol／L浓度顺式环氧琥珀酸钠溶液为底物,连续运转53d,平均产L(+)酒石酸66．95g／L,克分子转化率为92．09％,反应器生产能力达到16．58g／L·h。     

一株琥珀酸产生菌的筛选及鉴定

从牛的瘤胃中筛选获得一株能发酵生产琥珀酸的兼性厌氧菌。对其进行生理生化特性鉴定及16S rRNA基因分析。该菌株短杆状,无鞭毛,革兰氏染色阴性,V-P反应阴性,能发酵多种糖类产酸;其16S rRNA基因与琥珀酸放线杆菌的同源性高达99．8%,认为属于琥珀酸放线杆菌(Actinobacillus succinogenes),并将其命名为琥珀酸放线杆菌(Actinobacillus succinogenes)SW0580,保藏号CGMCC 1593。初步发酵试验表明该菌能发酵60g/L葡萄糖产生25．8g/L的丁二酸。     

褐藻胶降解菌的筛选、鉴定及产酶条件优化

【目的】筛选一株能降解褐藻胶的菌株,并优化产酶条件以提高褐藻胶裂解酶活力。【方法】从漳州海域采集到海水和海泥,以海藻酸钠为唯一碳源,通过富集培养、初筛、复筛筛选到一株能够降解褐藻胶的菌株。依据16S rRNA序列分析、生理生化特征、菌体形态及菌落特征对该菌进行鉴定。通过单因素和正交试验对该菌的产酶条件进行优化。【结果】该菌属于海科贝特氏菌,命名为Cobetiamarina HQZ08。该菌株最佳的产酶培养基组成为:海藻酸钠7.00g/L、蛋白胨3.00g/L、NaCl30.00g/L,K2HPO4·3H2O 1.25 g/L。最佳发酵条件为:接种量2%,接种龄12 h,培养基起始pH为7.0,培养温度25°C,培养时间24 h。优化后褐藻胶裂解酶活力达到68.5 U/mL,TLC法分析酶解产物为褐藻胶寡糖。【结论】HQZ08菌株可以用于降解褐藻胶,产生聚合度为2–6的褐藻胶寡糖。     

环氧化物水解酶产生菌的筛选及产酶条件研究

手性环氧化物至少含有一个手性碳,通过选择性开环和官能团转换,可以方便地合成许多有价值的手性化合物,在制药、农药、香料、精细化学品工业上有着极其重要的应用价值[1]。因此,手性环氧化物的合成一直是一个重要的研究课题。     

产腈水解酶基因工程菌的产酶诱导条件及培养基优化

本文通过对产酶诱导条件及发酵培养基进行优化,成功提高了产腈水解酶基因工程菌E. coli BL21(DE3)-pETNYNit的产酶水平。研究结果显示,最佳发酵培养基为：葡萄糖0.2%、甘油0.7%(v/v)、蛋白胨1.2%、酵母膏0.8%、NaCl 0.3%、(NH4)2SO40.3%、NH4Cl 0.13%、Na2 HPO4·12H2 O 1.04%、KH2 PO40.39%、MgSO4·7H2 O 0.03%,pH 7.2。最佳产酶诱导条件为：发酵4 h时加入0.5 mmol/L IPTG,然后在28℃、240 r/min下诱导腈水解酶基因表达14 h~16 h。采用优化方案,重组菌产酶水平可提升至0.9~1×105 U,与野生菌株的产酶水平相比,提高幅度超过50%。同时重组菌培养仅需24 h,培养周期缩短超过50 h。     

壳聚糖酶生产菌的筛选、鉴定及其产酶培养条件的研究

从土样中分离到60株分泌胞外壳聚糖酶的菌株,经过筛选,其中有1株细菌产酶能力较高.生理生化试验鉴定该细菌为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.).对假单胞菌产酶的培养条件研究结果表明:最适培养基组分为(g/L):壳聚糖5,氨基葡萄糖2,硝酸氨2,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5,KH2PO4 0.4,KCL 0.5,FeSO4·7H2O 0.01,起始pH 6.5;适宜培养条件是:接种量2.0×107个/50ml培养液,28℃,120 r/min振荡培养3d.     

一株产乙酰酯酶细菌筛选、鉴定及酶学性质研究

【目的】利用筛选培养基,从肉牛瘤胃液中分离筛选产乙酰酯酶的细菌菌株,并研究菌株的产酶特征。【方法】利用厌氧培养技术,以木质素为唯一碳源,筛选并驯化所得菌株。根据菌株16S rDNA序列分析、革兰氏染色、伊红美蓝培养基培养、甲基红试验和柠檬酸盐利用试验,鉴定菌株。采用对-硝基苯乙酯测定酶活力。【结果】筛选得到产乙酰酯酶活力较高细菌菌株RB1,初步鉴定为Escherichia coli。菌株RB1的生长曲线表明,0 42 h为菌株的延迟期,42 60 h为菌株的对数期,60 66 h为菌株的稳定期,66 86 h为菌株的衰亡期。菌株所产乙酰酯酶最适温度为40°C,最适pH为8.0,在最适温度与pH条件下,培养基中添加玉米秸秆粉,乙酰酯酶最高酶活力达到0.52 U/mL。【结论】筛选获得产乙酰酯酶的细菌菌株RB1,其乙酰酯酶活力高于已报道的菌株,是一株具有研究和应用潜力的产乙酰酯酶的菌株。     

Isolation and identification of a novel Rhodococcus sp. ML-0004 producing epoxide hydrolase and optimization of enzyme production

Rhodococcus sp. ML-0004, a novel strain for producing epoxide hydrolase, was isolated from soil in this study. The epoxide hydrolase can catalyze the stereo-specific hydrolysis of cis-epoxysuccinic acid to generate l(+)-tartaric acid. By examining physiological, biochemical characteristics and comparing its 16S rDNA gene sequence, it was identified as Rhodococcus opacus, and named R. opacus ML-0004. The optimal conditions for epoxide hydrolase production from R. opacus ML-0004 were also investigated. Propanediol and (NH₄)₂SO₄ were selected as carbon source and nitrogen source, respectively, for the production of R. opacus ML-0004 epoxide hydrolase. The optimal conditions for epoxide hydrolase production were fermentation temperature = 28 °C, pH 7.0, and cultivation time = 26 h. Under these conditions, the maximum epoxide hydrolase activity reached 10.5 U mL⁻¹.     

产D-阿拉伯醇菌株的筛选、鉴定及其产D-阿拉伯醇条件的优化

摘要：【目的】产D-阿拉伯醇的耐高渗酵母的筛选、鉴定和产D-阿拉伯醇条件的优化。【方法】通过电镜、Biolog GN、(G+C)含量和26S rDNA D1/D2区序列分析法对所获得的菌株进行了描述。通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和碳谱、质谱以及旋光度实验鉴定纯化产物的结构。通过单因素实验优化产D-阿拉伯醇的发酵条件。【结果】本文筛选得到一株产D-阿拉伯醇的新型菌株,经鉴定属于假丝酵母属并命名为Candida sp. H2。200 mL摇瓶发酵生产D-阿拉伯醇的单因素优化实验表明,最适发酵条件为：葡萄糖250     

Isolation and characterization of a new bacterium capable of biotransforming cis -epoxysuccinic acid to D(-) -tartaric acid

A bacterial strain 1-3 capable of enantioselectively hydrolyzing cis-epoxysuccinic acid to D(-)-tartaric acid was isolated from soil. Phenotypic characteristics, Biolog GN test and phylogenetic analysis of strain 1-3 indicated that it belongs to the genus Bordetella. cis-Epoxysuccinic acid could be used as a carbon source and inducer for production of cis-epoxysuccinic acid hydrolase. After the purification of the enzymatic biotransformed product, a colorless and scentless crystal was obtained, which was confirmed to be the tartaric acid with laevorotatory optical rotation by the (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and optical rotation analysis.     

Isolation of a novel lipase producing fungal isolate Aspergillus fumigatus and production optimization of enzyme

Abstract

Fungal lipases occupy a place of prominence among biocatalysts owing to their novel, multifold applications and resistance to high temperature and other operational conditions. In the present study, Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from oil-contaminated soil produced good amount of lipase activity with galactose (1%) as carbon source and peptone (0.1%) as nitrogen source after 72?h of incubation in the production medium at 45?°C and pH 10.0. The isolated enzyme was found to give its optimum reaction temperature at 40?°C and pH 9.0 with the substrate used as p-nitrophenyl benzoate. The activity of lipase was inhibited by the presence of metal ions. A 6.68-fold increase for lipase production was obtained by one variable at a time. Based on the findings of present study, lipase of A. fumigatus is a potential lipase and a candidate for industrial applications such as bioremediation, detergent, leather and pharmaceutical industries.     

一株产纤溶酶菌株的分离鉴定及其纤溶组分分析

【目的】筛选性能良好的产纤溶酶菌株,对菌株进行多项分类鉴定,分析其纤溶酶系的组成特征及纤溶能力。【方法】通过酪蛋白培养基初筛,琼脂-纤维蛋白双层平板复筛,从海泥、土壤等环境中筛选纤维蛋白降解菌,以尿激酶为标准测定纤溶酶活性。通过形态学、生理生化特征研究,结合16S rDNA基因序列分析菌株种类及系统分类地位。通过SDS-PAGE和纤维蛋白酶谱法分析胞外纤溶酶系的组成特征。【结果】筛选到一株能降解纤维蛋白的细菌CNY16,鉴定其为沙福芽孢杆菌(Bacillus safensis)。该酶为胞外酶,SDS-PAGE和纤维蛋白酶谱结果表明该纤溶酶系有至少两种分子量大小不同的纤溶酶,分别约33 kD和23 kD。能有效溶解血块中纤维蛋白,并且对红细胞无降解作用。【结论】细菌CNY16是一株新的纤溶酶产生菌,纤溶酶活性及稳定性较好,具有潜在开发价值。为获取新型纤溶酶提供了一种新的菌源。     

Isolation and identification of an arginine deiminase producing strain Pseudomonas plecoglossicida CGMCC2039

Arginine deiminase (ADI), an arginine degrading enzyme, has been studied as a potential anti-cancer agent for arginine-auxotrophic tumors, such as melanomas and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). In this study, a strain SWP1 producing high activity of ADI was isolated from the Wuxi canal. Based on its morphological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, SWP1 was identified as Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and is now deposited at CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) as P. plecoglossicida CGMCC2039. It is gram-negative, aerobe, rod-shaped, motile by one or several polar flagella. In vitro studies showed that HCC cell line HEPG2 was sensitive to ADI isolated from P. plecoglossicida CGMCC2039. Our study suggests that ADI from P. plecoglossicida CGMCC2039 could become a novel anti-tumor drug.     

产生辅酶Q10的光合细菌菌株的分离及鉴定

对水塘污泥中富集分离的13株光合细菌产生的CoQ10进行定性定量分析,筛出CoQ10含量较高的菌株2c并对其进行系统鉴定。菌株2c为革兰氏阴性菌,细胞杆状,菌体大小0.6μm～0.9μm×1.2μm～2.0μm,单极生鞭毛,片层状光合内膜,位于细胞质膜下并与之平行。光照厌氧或黑暗好氧条件下均可生长,光照下菌体产生红色素,菌体含有细菌叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素。最适生长温度30～35℃,pH7.0～8.0。多种有机化合物均可作为光合作用的电子供体和碳源,蛋白胨和硫酸铵是其生长的较好氮源,酵母膏对其生长有明显刺激作用。16S rDNA序列系统发育分析表明,菌株2c在系统进化树上与GenBank中序列号为AY751758、DQ001155、DQ001158的沼泽红假单胞菌聚为一族。菌株2c至少能稳定传代15次。初步确定菌株2c为沼泽红假单胞菌。