BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Gardiner, C. H., Fayer, R. & Dubey, J. P. 1988. An Atlas of Protozoan Parasites and Animal Tissues .
Bryant, C. & Behm, C. 1990. Biochemical Adaptation in Parasites .
Dubey, J. P. & Beattie, C. P. 1988. Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Man .
Margulis, L., Corliss, J. O., Melkonian, M. & Chapmann, D. J. (ed.) (with 60 contributors). 1990. Handbook of Protoctistia .
Esch, G., Bush, A. & Aho, J. (ed.) 1990. Parasite Communities: Patterns and Processes .     

BOOK REVIEW

Book reviewed in this article:
Taylor, Angela E. R. & Muller, R., eds. 1977. Parasite Invasion. Symposium No. 15 of the British Society for Parasitology.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Books: Eldredge, N., & St. M. Stanley, eds. (1984): Living fossils (Lebende Fossile). Duncker, H.-R., & G. Fleischer, eds. (1985): Functional morphology in vertebrates (Funktionelle Morphologie von Wirbeltieren). Rehkämper, G. (1986): Nervensysteme im Tierreich—Bau, Funktion und Entwicklung (Animal nervous systems—structure, function, development). Eckert, R. (1986): Tierphysiologie (Animal physiology, 2. edition. Freeman & Co., San Francisco, 1983). Bush, B. M. H., & F. Clarac (1985): Coordination of motor behaviour (Steuerung von Bewegungsweisen). Ottoson, D., ed. (1986): Progress in sensory physiology 6 (Fortschritte der Sinnesphysiologie Bd. 6). Kuhlmann, D., & H. Straub (1986): Einführung in die Endokrinologie. Wynne-Edwards, V. C. (1986): Evolution through group selection (Evolution durch Gruppenselektion). Luckett, W. P., & J.-L. Hartenberger, eds. (1985): Evolutionary relationships among rodents. Chivers, D. J., B. A. Wood, & A. Bilsborough, eds. Gray, J. P. (1985): Primate sociobiology (Soziobiologie der Primaten). Rawlins, R. C., & M. J. Kessler, eds. (1986): The Cayo Santiago macaques: history, behavior and biology (Die Makaken von Cayo Santiago: Geschichte, Biologie und Verhalten). Sade, D. S., B. D. Chepko-Sade, J. M. Schneider, S. S. Roberts, & J. T. Richtsmeier (1985): Basic demographic observations on free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Demographische Untersuchungen an freilebenden Rhesusaffen).     

BOOK REVIEW SECTION

Book reviewed in this article:
Martinez-Palomo, Adolfo 1982. The Biology of Entamoeba histolytica.
Ristic, M. & Kreier, J. P., eds. 1981. Babesiosis .
Krylov, M. V., ed. 1981. The Evolution and Phylogeny of the Unicellular Animals .
Petrushevskaya, M. G. 1981. [ Radiolaria of the Order Nasselaria of the World's Oceans .]
Amos, W. B. & Duckett, J. G., eds. 1982. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Flagella .
Matthes, Dieter 1982. Sesshafte Wimpertiere: Peritricha, Suctoria, Chonotricha .
Kaestner, Alfred, ed. 1980. Lehrbuch der Speziellen Zoologie . Band I: Wirbellose Tiere.
Rosowski, James R. & Parker, Bruce C., eds. 1982. Selected Papers in Phycology II.
Raikov, Igor B. 1982. The Protozoan Nucleus: Morphology and Evolution .     

New Books

Book reviewed in this article: Wrangham, R. W., McGrew, W. C., de Waal, F. B. M. & Heltne , P. G. (eds) 1996: Chimpanzee Cultures. Lewkowicz, D. J. & Lickliter , R. (eds) 1994: The Development of Intersensory Perception. Maffei, L. & Fiorentini , A. 1997: Das Bild im Kopf (Originaltitel: Arte e Cervello. Pearce , J.M. 1997: Animal Learning and Cognition. Gould, J. L., & Gould , C. G. 1997: Bewußtsein bei Tieren.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Bateson , P. P. G., & P. H. Klopfer, eds. (1985): Perspectives in ethology Vol. 6: Mechanisms (Perspektiven der Ethologie Bd. 6: Mechanismen). Bateson , P. P. G., & P. H. Klopfer, eds. (1987): Perspectives in ethology, Vol. 7: Alternatives (Perspektiven der Ethologie. Bd. 7: Andere Lösungen, andere Denkweisen). Alexander , R. McNeill (1988): Elastic mechanisms in animal movement (Die Bedeutung elastischer Materialien für die Fortbewegung von Tieren). Nultsch , W. (1988): Untersuchungen zum Bewegungs- und Reaktionsverhalten des Flagellaten Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Locomotion and reactivity of the flagellate Ch. r.). Görtz , H.-D. (1988): Paramecium. Anderson , O. R. (1988): Comparative protozoology. Ecology, physiology, life history (Vergleichende Protozoologie — Ökologie, Physiologie, Lebensablauf). Burggren , W. W., & B. R. McMahon, eds. (1988): Biology of the land crabs (Biologie der Landkrabben). Matthes , D. (1988): Tierische Parasiten (Animal parasites). Despommier , D. D., & J. W. Karapelou , eds. (1987): Parasite life cycles (Entwicklungszyklen von Parasiten). Görtz , H.-D. (1988): Symbiose, Parasitismus und andere Vergesellschaftungen von Tieren (Symbiosis, parasitism and other animal communities). Kalusche , D. (1989): Wechselwirkungen zwischen Organismen (Reciprocal actions between organisms). Basiswissen Biologie 2.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Edmunds , L. N. (1988): Cellular and molecular bases of biological clocks. Models and mechanisms for circadian timekeeping (Zelluläre und molekulare Grundlagen biologischer Uhren. Modelle und Mechanismen circadianer Zeitregelung). Stetson , M. H., ed. (1987): Processing of environmental information in vertebrates (Die Wirkung von Umwelteinflüssen auf Wirbeltiere). Poncin , P. (1988): Le contrôle environnemental et hormonal de la reproduction du barbeau, Barbus barbus (L.) et du chevaine, Leuciscus cephalus (L.) (Pisces Cyprinidae), en captivité (Die exogene und hormonelle Kontrolle der Fortpflanzung in Gefangenschaft bei Barbe und Döbel). Miura , T., ed. (1987): Seasonality of birth. Progress in biometeorology Vol. 6 (Die Saisonalität der Geburt. Fortschritte der Biometeorologie Bd. 6). Thorndyke , M. C., & G. J. Goldsworthy, eds. (1988): Neurohormones in invertebrates (Neurohormone bei Wirbellosen). Society for Experimental Biology. Descoins , C., & B. Frerot, eds. (1988): Médiateurs chimiques: comportement et systématique des Lépidoptères. Applications en agronomie (Chemical mediators: behaviour and systematics of Lepidoptera. Applications in agriculture). Fritzsch , B., M. J. Ryan , W. Wilczynski, T. E. Hetherington , & W. Walkowiak, eds. (1988): The evolution of the amphibian auditory system (Evolution des Gehörsystems der Amphibien). Akoev , G. N., N. P. Alekseev , & B. V. Krylov (1988): Mechanoreceptors. Their functional organization (Mechanorezeptoren und ihre Wirkungsweise). Seelen , W. v., G. Shaw , & U. M. Leinhos, eds. (1988): Organization of neural networks; structures and models (Analysen und Modelle zur Gehirnfunktion). Geschwind , N., & A. M. Galaburda, eds. (1984): Cerebral dominance. The biological foundations (Biologische Grundlagen der Hemisphärendominanz). Pöldinger , W., ed. (1987): Aspekte menschlichen Befindens und Verhaltens (Aspects of human feeling and behaviour). Wolf , G., ed. (1989): Fachlexikon ABC Neurobiologie (Dictionary of neurobiology).     

What it means to be female

Review of The Evolving Female: A Life-History Perspective, A. Gallowy, & A.L. Zihlman (Eds.), Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997, xix + 332 p., tables + figures, $60.00 cloth, $27.95 paper. In addition to the editors, the contributors are L.M. Fedigan, K. Ono, J. Reiter, B.B. Smuts, M. Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M.S.M. Pavelka, C.M. Pond, R. McFarland, S.M.B. Tarli, E. Repetto, G.A. Morelli, P. Draper, C. Panter-Brick, V.J. Vitzthum, A. Jolly, & B. McLeod.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Books: Moynihan , M. (1985): Communication and noncommunication by cephalopods (Verständigung und Nicht-Verständigung bei Tintenfischen) Books: Lewis , T., ed. (1984): Insect communication (Kommunikation bei Insekten) Books: Kalmring , K., & N. Elsner (1985): Acoustic and vibrational communication in insects (Verständigung durch Laute und Vibration bei Insekten) Books: ölldobler , B., Sc M. Lindauer, eds. (1985): Experimental behavioral ecology and sociobiology (Experimentelle Verhaltensökologie und Soziobiologie) Books: Brown , R. E., & D. W. Macdonald, eds. (1985): Social odours in mammals (Duftverständigung bei Säugetieren)     

Books

Books reviewed in this article:
B aker . K. 1993. Identification Guide to European Non-passerines.
B arnard . C., G ilbert , F. & M c G regor
B askett , T.S., S ayre . M.W., T omlinson , R.E. & M irarchi .
B ezzel . E. 1993. Kompendium der Vögel Mitteleuropas.
B right , M. 1993. The Private Life of Birds.
C ook , M. 1992. The Birds of Moray and Nairn.
D avison . G.W.H. 1992. Birds of Mount Kinabalu. Borneo.
E rritzoe . J. 1993. The Buds of CITES and How to Identify Them.
F arner , D.S., K ing , J.R. & P arkes , K.C.
G ibbons , D.W., R eid , J.B. & C hapman . R.A. (eds). 1993. The New Atlas of Breeding Birds in Britain and Ireland.
H illman , J.C.
H uxley . E.
J ackson . C.E. 1993. Great Bird Paintings of the World.
J ohnsgard . P.A. 1993. Cormorants, Darters and Pelicans of the World.
M adge . S. & B urn , H. 1994. Crows and Jays. A Guide to the Crows, Jays and Magpies of the World.
N icolai . B. (ed.).
P ower , D.M. (ed.).
P riklonskiy . S.G. (ed.).
R alph . R. 1993. William MacGillivray.
R obinson , D. & C hapman , A.
S harp . P.J. 1993. Avian Endocrinology.
S mith , K.W., D fe , C.W., F earnside . J.D., F letcher , E.W. & S mith , R.N.
S olomon . D. & W illiams , J.
S ørensen , S., B loch . D. & L angvad . S.
Z immerman , J.L.     

BOOK REVIEW

Book reviewed in this article:
Bocquet, C., Génermont, J., Lamotte, M., eds. 1976. Les Problèmes de l'Espèce dans le Règne Animal. Tome I.
Anderson, J. M. & Macfayden, A., eds. 1976. The Role of Terrestrial and Aquatic Organisms in Decomposition Processes.
Frank. W. 1976. Parasitologie. Lehrbuch für Studierende der Human- und Veterinärmedizin, der Biologie und der Agrarbiologie.
Taylor, Angela E. R. & Muller, R., eds. 1976. Genetic Aspects of Host-Parasite Relationships. Vol. 14, Symposia of the British Society for Parasitology.
Dawes, B., ed. 1976. Advances in Parasitology.
Zuckerman, A., ed. 1976. Dynamic Aspects of Host-Parasite Relationships .
Singh, B. N. 1975. Pathogenic and Non-pathogenic Amoebae.     

RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS

BENTON, T.G & SPENCER, T. 1995. The Pitcairn Islands. Biogeography, ecology and prehistory.
CHEKE, R.A. & WALSH, J.F. 1996. The Birds of Togo. BOU Checklist
DAAN, P., NORMAN. I. & Rimx, P. (eds). 1995. The Penguins: Ecology and management.
DEWAK, S.M. & SHAWYER. C.R. 1996. Boxes. Baskets and Platforms: Artificial nest sites for owls and other birds of prey.
DINGLE. H. 1996. Migration: The biology of life on the move.
FEBUCCIA, A. 1996. The Origin and Evolution of Birds.
HOLMES, D.A. L PHILLIPPS, K. 1996. The Birds of Sulawesi.
JOHNSGARD. P.A. & CARBONELL, M. 1996. Ruddy Ducks and Other Stifftails: Their behavior and biology.
LANNER. R.M. 1966. Made for Each Other: A symbiosis of birds and pines.
Meyburg. B.-U. & CHANCELLOR, R.D. (eds) 1996. Eagle Studies.
PINOWSKI, J., KAVANAGH, B.P. & PINOWSKA, B. (eds). 1995. Nestling Mortality of Granivorous Birds due to Microrganisms and Toxic Substances: Synthesis.
POOLE, A.F & GILL, EB. (eds). 1995. The Birds of North America: Life histories for the 21st century. Nos 161–200. Washington, D.C.: The American Ornithologists' Union and The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
PORTER, R.F., CHRISTENSEN, S. & SCHIERMACKER-HANSEN. P. 1996. Field Guide to the Birds of the Middle East.
SCHELHAS, J. & GREENBERG, R. (eds). 1996. Forest Patches in Tropical Landscapes.
SHURTLEFF, L.L. & SAVAGE, C. 1996. The Wood Duck and the Mandarin: The northern wood ducks.
SKUTCH, A.F. 1996. The Minds of Birds.
TULLY, T.N., JR. & SHANE. S.M. (eds). 1996. Ratite Management, Medicine and Surgery.     

BOOK REVIEW

Book Reviewed in this article:
Hillis, D. M., Moritz, C. & Mable, B. K. (ed.) 1996. Molecular Systematics     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Margulis, L., & R. Fester, eds. (1991): Symbiosis as a source of evolutionary innovation. Schwemmler, W. J. (1991): Symbiogenese als Motor der Evolution. Birkhead, T. R., & A. P. Møller (1992): Sperm competition in birds; evolutionary causes and consequences (Spermienkonkurrenz bei Vögeln; Evolutionäre Ursachen und Konsequenzen). Marzluff, J. M., & R. P. Balda (1992): The pinyon jay; behavioral ecology of a colonial and cooperative corvid (Der Nacktschnabelhäher. Burger, J., & M. Gochfeld (1991): The common tern: its breeding biology and social behavior (Die Flußseeschwalbe. Burger, J., & M. Gochfeld (1990): The black skimmer; social dynamics of a colonial species (Der amerikanische Scherenschnabel). Ratcliffe, D. (1990): Bird life of mountain and upland (Vogelleben im Hochland und Gebirge). Ueckermann, E. (1992): Das Sikawild. Vorkommen, Naturgeschichte und Bejagung (Sika deer. Norton, B. (1991): The African elephant — last days of Eden (Der afrikanische Elefant — in Gefahr). Kingdon, J. (1990): Arabian mammals — a natural history (Säugetiere Arabiens — eine Naturgeschichte). Redford, K. H., & J. F. Eisenberg (1992): Mammals of the Neotropics.     

REVIEWS

Books Review in this article:
Forest Trees and Timbers of the British Empire. Part I. Some East African Coniferae and Leguminosae. By L. C halk , M.A., D.Phil., J. B urtt D avy , M.A., Ph.D. and H. E. D esch , B.SC.
Part II. Twenty West African Timber Trees. By L. C halk , M.A., D.Phil., J. B urtt D avy , M.A., Ph.D., H. E. D esch , B.SC, M.A. and A. C. H oyle , B.Sc, M.A.
Part III. Fifteen South African High Forest Timber Trees. By L. C halk , M.A., D.Phil., M. M. C hattaway , B.SC, M.A., J. B urtt D avy , M.A., Ph.D., F. S. L aughton , B.SC. and M. H. S cott , B.SC.
Colloids in Agriculture. By C. E. M arshall .
Flore Laurentienne. By F rère M arie -V ictorin , D.SC.
Plant Viruses. By K enneth M. S mith .
Plant Life: A Text-book of Botany. By D. B. S wingle .
Gardening in East Africa: A Practical Handbook. Edited by A. J. J ex -B lake , with a foreword by Sir A rthur W. H ill .
British Stem- and Leaf-Fungi (Coelomycetes). Vol. I. Sphaeropsidales. By W. B. G rove , M.A.     

Metabolomic analysis and signatures in motor neuron disease

Motor neuron diseases (MND) are a heterogeneous group of disorders that includes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and result in death of motor neurons. These diseases may produce characteristic perturbations of the metabolome, the collection of small-molecules (metabolites) present in a cell, tissue, or organism. To test this hypothesis, we used high performance liquid chromatography followed by electrochemical detection to profile blood plasma from 28 patients with MND and 30 healthy controls. Of 317 metabolites, 50 were elevated in MND patients and more than 70 were decreased (p<0.05). Among the compounds elevated, 12 were associated with the drug Riluzole. In a subsequent study of 19 subjects with MND who were not taking Riluzole and 33 healthy control subjects, six compounds were significantly elevated in MND, while the number of compounds with decreased concentration was similar to study 1. Our data also revealed a distinctive signature of highly correlated metabolites in a set of four patients, three of whom had lower motor neuron (LMN) disease. In both datasets we were able to separate MND patients from controls using multivariate regression techniques. These results suggest that metabolomic studies can be used to ascertain metabolic signatures of disease in a non-invasive fashion. Elucidation of the structures of signature molecules in ALS and other forms of MND should provide insight into aberrant biochemical pathways and may provide diagnostic markers and targets for drug design.Electronic supplementary material Electronic supplementary material is available for this article at and accessible for authorised users. ^†S.R., M.E.C. and M.B. contributed equally to this work. W.R.M. and B.S.K. contributed equally to this work. S.R., M.B., W.R.M., B.S.K., C.B., S.H., P.V., M.F.B., and R.K-D. have financial interests in Metabolon Inc., a company engaged in metabolic profiling. ^††Electronic supporting figures, tables and datasets are available at the Journal’s website.*To whom corrsepondence should be addressed.E-mail: kaddu001@mc.duke.eduCurrent address: Duke University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, P.O. Box 3950, Durham, NC 27710.     

Books

C ollar , N.J. & A ndrew , P. 1988. Birds to Watch: The ICBP Check-list of Threatened Birds.
D allmann , M. 1987. Der Zaunkönig.
F iuczynski , D. 1987. Der Baumfalke. Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei No. 575.
F ry , C.H., K eith , S. & U rban , E.K. 1988. The Birds of Africa, Vol. III.
F urness , R.W. 1987. The Skuas.
H ölzinger , J. 1987. Die Vögel Baden-Württembergs 1 (Parts 1–3).
J ohnson , T.H. 1988. Biodiversity and Conservation in the Caribbean: Profiles of Selected Islands.
K laus , S., A ndreev , A.V., B ergmann , H.-H., M üller , F., P orkert , J. & W iesner , J. 1986. Die Auerhiihner. Die Neue Brehm-Biicherei No. 86.
P yle , P., H owell , S.N.G., Y unick , R.P. & D e S ante , D.F. 1987. Identification Guide to North American Passerines.
S now , D. & B. 1988. Birds and Berries.
SOVON 1987 (eds. J. B ekhuis (et al.). Atlas van de Nederlandse Vogels.
Nederlandse Broedvogels (1979). A long English summary at the end enables readers unfamiliar with Dutch to extract the maximum possible amount of information from this impressive work.
T oivanen , A. & T oivanen , P. (eds) Avian Immunology: Basis and Practice. 2 volumes.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Eisner, N., & D. W. Richter, eds. (1992): Rhythmogenesis in neurons and networks (Rhythmogenese in Neuronen und Netzwerken). Thompson, R. F. (1990): Das Gehirn. Von den Nervenzellen zur Verhaltenssteuerung (The brain). Reichert, H. (1992): Introduction to neurobiology (Neurobiologie. Rowell, C. H. F. (1992): Locust neurobiology: a bibliography, 1871–1991 (Neurobiologie der Wanderheuschrecke: Eine Bibliographie). Green, B. G., J. R. Mason, & M. R. Kare, eds. (1990): Chemical senses; Vol. 2: Irritation (Chemische Sinne Bd. 2: Irritierende Reize). Webster, D. B., R. R. Fay & A. N. Popper, eds. (1992): The evolutionary biology of hearing (Evolutionsbiologie des Gehörs). Carpenter, G. A., & S. Grossberg, eds. (1992): Neural networks for vision and image processing (Neurale Netzwerke für Sehen und Bildwahrnehmung). Barlow, H., C. Blakemore, & M. Weston-Smith, eds. (1990): Images and understanding (Bilder und Verstehen). Mellor, D. H., ed. (1990): Ways of communicating (Formen der Verständigung). Dusenbery, D. B. (1992): Sensory ecology. How organisms acquire and respond to information (Sinnesökologie. Heinrich, B. (1993): Hot-blooded insects. Strategies and mechanisms of thermoregulation (Heißblütige Insekten. Strategien und Mechanismen der Thermoregulation). Krebs, J. R., & N. B. Davies, eds. (1991): Behavioural ecology; an evolutionary approach (Verhaltensökologie; ein evolutionärer Ansatz). Maynard Smith, J. (1992): Evolutionsgenetik (Evolutionary genetics. Oxford University Press, 1989. Stearns, S. C. (1992): The evolution of life histories (Evolution von Lebensabläufen). Gottlieb, G. (1992): Individual development and evolution. Archer, J. (1992): Ethology and human development (Ethologie und Entwicklungspsychologie). Sudhaus, W., & K. Rehfeld (1992): Einführung in die Phylogenetik und Systematik (Phylogenetics and systematics — an introductory textbook). Schmidt-Kittler, N., & K. Vogel, eds. (1991): Constructional morphology and evolution (Konstruktionsmorphologie und Evolution). Vogel, K. (1991): Konstruktionsmorphologie — Ein Schlüssel zum Verständnis der biologischen Evolution (Constructional morphology - a key to understanding biological evolution). Barth, F. G. (1992): “Technische” Perfektion in der belebten Natur (“Technical” perfection in living nature). del Hoyo, J., A. Elliott, & J. Sargatal, eds. (1992): Handbook of the birds of the world. Lebreton, J.-D., & Ph. M. North, eds. (1993): Marked individuals in the study of bird population (Individuelle Kennzeichnung von Vögeln für Populationsstudien). Bibby, C. J., N. D. Burgess, & D. A. Hill (1992): Bird census techniques (Methoden der Vogelzählung). The Observer 3.0, a software package for behavioural observations.     

Books

Book reviewed in this article:
BEAMAN, M. 1994. Palearctic Birds: A checklist of the birds of Europe, North Africa and Asia north of the foothills of the Himalayas
COOKE, F., ROCKWELL, R. F. & LANK, D. B. 1995. The Snow Geese of La Perouse Bay: Natural selection in the wild
CRAMP. S. & PERRINS, C.M. (eds). 1994. Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa: The birds of the western palearctic. Volume VIII: Crows to Finches
DAVIES, M.N.O. & GREEN. P.R.(eds). 1994. Perception and Motor Control in Birds: An ecological approach
DAZLEY, R. A. & TRODD, P. 1994. An Atlas of the Breeding Birds of Bedfordshire 1988–92
DEL HOYO. J., ELLIOTT. A. & SARGATAL, J. (eds). 1994. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: New World Vultures to Guineafowl
EVANS, M.I. 1994. Important Bird Areas in the Middle East
KEMP, A. 1995. The Hornbills
LEIBAK, E., LILLELEHT. V. & VEROMANN, H. (eds). 1994. Birds of Estonia.
LEVER, C. 1994. Naturalized Animals
NIGHTINGALE, T. & HILL. M. 1993. Birds of Bahrain
PAULSON, D. 1993. Shorebirds of the Pacific Northwest
POOLE, A.F. & GILL, F.B. (eds). 1994. The Birds of North America: Life histories for the 21st century. Nos 81–120
POONSWAD, P. & KEMP, A. (eds). 1993. Manual to the Conservation of Asian Hornbills
KEMP, A. 1995. The Hornbills
SILVA, T. 1993. A Monograph of Macaws and Conures
TUCKER, G.M. & HEATH, M.F. 1994. Birds in Europe: Their conservation status
WEINER, J. 1994. The Beak of the Finch—Evolution in real time
WILLIAMS, T.D. 1995. The Penguins: Spheniscidae
WINKLER, H. CHRISTIE, D.A. & NURNEY, D. 1995. Woodpeckers: A guide to the woodpeckers, piculets and wrynecks of the world