淤积性皮炎与皮肤菌群关系的研究

目的：探讨淤积性皮炎与皮肤菌群之间的关系。方法：对21例小腿淤积性皮炎患者皮损，邻近皮肤及鼻孔的皮肤菌群进行检测。并将结果同20例正常人小腿皮肤及鼻孔菌群做了比较，其数据进行统计学处理。结果：金黄色葡萄球菌为淤积性皮炎患者皮肤的主要菌种，其分离率及密度均高于正常对照组。结论：金黄色葡萄球菌可能是淤积性皮炎发生的一个重要因素。     

慢性湿疹患者皮损、鼻粘膜需氧微生物群的定位、定量研究

本文首次应用定位、定量方法对23例小腿部慢性湿疹患者皮损、邻近皮肤及鼻孔的菌群,从微生态学的角度进行探讨,并将结果同24例正常人小腿皮肤及鼻孔的菌群做了比较。其结果表明:金黄色葡萄球菌为皮损及邻近皮肤的主要菌种,并且其分离率及密度有按正常皮肤、邻近皮肤、皮损依次增高现象;类白喉杆菌的数量在皮损部位明显低于正常皮肤与邻近皮肤;表皮葡萄球菌分离率皮损及邻近皮肤均明显降低。本组结果同正常对照组相比其皮肤微生物群菌谱虽无不同,但其数量的变异是显著的,这对探讨湿疹的病因及用生态制剂等调整皮肤菌群使其恢复微生态平衡达到防治目的有所裨益。     

大肠癌及大肠息肉患者肠道膜菌群的分析

机体各系统微生态的失衡和某些疾病的发生、发展密切相关。研究它的变化有助于揭示疾病的相关性质及其发生 ,发展的规律 ,如宫颈上皮内瘤样病变的发生与阴道内乳杆菌的明显减少密切相　关 [1] 。胃腔内菌群失调也参与了慢性萎缩性胃炎胃及胃癌的发生与发展[2 ] 。目前对大肠癌及大肠息肉患者肠道菌群的研究较少 ,本文分析了 32例大肠癌及 54例大肠息肉患者肠道膜菌群的变化 ,旨在探讨肠道膜菌群与大肠癌和大肠息肉发生、发展的关系及其临床意义。1材料与方法1 .1　病例选择　大肠癌 32例 ,其中男性 2 1例 ,女性 1 1例 ,年龄介于 39～ 73岁 ,…     

糖尿病皮肤感染与微生物菌群关系的研究进展

糖尿病是以血糖升高为特征的内分泌疾病,由于高血糖状态,使吞噬细胞的趋化作用、吞噬作用以及杀菌功能受损,抗感染能力减弱。正常情况下,人体皮肤微生物菌群对维持人体健康发挥着重大屏障作用,并在皮肤表面保持着动态的平衡,而这种平衡因糖尿病被打破导致皮肤菌群发生紊乱时,人体就会患上各种皮肤感染性疾病,包括真菌、细菌、病毒等。探究如何调整糖尿病患者皮肤微生态平衡、预防及控制其感染,减少感染并发症具有重要意义。     

肿瘤患者PICC置管继发皮肤损害处的菌群分析

目的 探讨肿瘤患者外周插入中心导管（peripherally inserted central catheters,PICC）继发皮肤损害处的菌群组成。方法 选择2019年12月至2021年6月我院收治并接受PICC置管的肿瘤患者62例。其中31例患者PICC置管处继发皮肤损害,纳入PICC组;31例患者PICC置管处未发生并发症,纳入对照组。采集两组患者PICC置管处的皮肤微生物并进行16S rRNA基因测序和分析。采用Mann-Whitney U检验分析两组对象皮肤微生物的丰度差异。采用随机森林分类模型对最佳PICC组分类单元集进行变量重要性分析,并且分析皮肤微生物群对PICC置管处继发皮肤损害的鉴别价值。结果 共鉴定出15 243个可操作分类单元（operational taxonomic units,OTUs）,鉴定水平为99.3%。移除罕见OTU后,保留1 958个OTU。分析表明PICC组和对照组之间皮肤微生物丰度存在显著差异,其中有7个菌群变化最显著。Staphylococcus aureus在PICC组中的丰度显著增加,而代表严格厌氧菌的Burkholderia sp....     

妊娠中期牙龈炎女性唾液菌群的多样性研究

目的研究妊娠中期牙龈炎女性患者唾液菌群结构的多样性，为该类患者的治疗提供参考。方法 选取35例妊娠中期牙龈炎患者为研究组，15例妊娠中期健康女性为对照组。2组对象均取唾液样本，提取细菌DNA，进行PCR扩增与京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析，采用Quantity One软件对指纹图谱进行数据分析。结果 研究组患者唾液菌群可操作分类单元（OTUs）数量多于对照组。研究组与对照组对象唾液菌群Alpha多样性、Beta多样性，物种相似性（门、纲、目、科、属、种水平），KEGG基因通路距离及相对丰度比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。研究组患者唾液菌群扩增序列变异数（ASV）分类单元水平（界、门、纲、目、科、属、种水平）和Proteobacteria、Campliobacterota、Pasteurellales、Pasteurellaceae、 Porphyromonadaceae、 Fusobacteriaceae、 Haemophius、 Porphyromonas、 Fusobacterium, Prevotella melaninogenica相对丰度均高于对照组...     

DGGE法分析慢性化脓性中耳炎耳道菌群变化及药敏试验研究

目的解析正常成人及慢性化脓性中耳炎（CSOM）患者耳道内菌群结构的差别,寻找有效抑制致病菌同时对皮肤主导菌群影响不大的抗生素,指导临床合理用药。方法取20例正常成人及20例CSOM患者耳道分泌物行血琼脂平板划线法分离鉴定细菌,选择典型病例进行DGGE法分析耳道菌群多样性,对培养的常见细菌进行药物敏感试验,分析药敏结果。结果（1）20例正常成人耳道分泌物中18例培养分离出表皮葡萄球菌（90％）,2例培养阴性（10％）;20例CSOM患者耳道分泌物中离出金黄色葡萄球菌8例（40％）,铜绿假单胞菌5例（25％）,溶血性葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌各2例（各10％）,阴沟肠杆菌、洋葱伯克霍尔德菌各1例（各5％）,无菌生长1例（5％）。（2）DGGE分析显示,正常成人耳道菌群种类比CSOM明显增多。（3）金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星均敏感。表皮葡萄球菌对阿莫西林、头孢唑林、左旋氧氟沙星耐药而金黄色葡萄球菌对其敏感。结论（1）正常人耳道正常菌群多样性高于CSOM。（2）目前培养出的正常成人主要耳道菌群为表皮葡萄球菌,CSOM主要菌群为金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌。（3）环丙沙星同时抑制正常菌群和致病菌的生长。阿莫西林、头孢唑林、左旋氧氟沙星在抑制金黄色葡萄球菌等致病菌的同时,可以在一定程度上保护正常菌群成员表皮葡萄球菌。     

痤疮皮损区皮肤菌群的研究

本研究对皮肤常见病─—痤疮４０例病人皮损区的皮肤菌群进行了探讨,并以１０４例健康人面部皮肤菌群及８２例治愈后病人原皮损区菌群分析作为对照,结果痤疮病人皮损区中痤疮丙酸杆菌活菌数为４．５５±０．７３（ＣＦＵ以Ｌｏｇ／ｃｍ２计）。分离率为１００％,表皮葡萄球菌数为４．１９±０．７０（１００％）,微球菌数为２．７１±０．６９（６２．５％）,杆菌数为３．０９±０．６４（９０％）,需氧的革兰氏阴性杆菌数为３．３１±０．７６（３５％）,产色素微球菌数为３．０５±０．８２（４５％）,痤疮病人皮肤的皮损区内常住菌和过路菌都较健康人明显增加,差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）。而经皮肤微生态制剂治疗后痤疮病皮肤菌群与健康人几乎无差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）,说明皮肤微生态制剂具有调整皮肤菌群恢复微生态平衡,提高定植抗力的生理作用,故能较有效的治疗痤疮。     

输卵管性不孕症孕妇女生殖道微生物群落研究

目的分析输卵管性不孕症妇女阴道微生物群落,研究阴道微生物菌落在输卵管性不孕症中的作用。方法选择2016年4月-2018年4月在本院就诊的女性246例,其中符合输卵管性不孕症诊断标准女性126例,设为不孕组;其余120例患者,设为对照组。对患者阴道微生物菌群分布,菌群密集度,菌群多样性,优势菌和炎症情况检测。结果两组间患者的年龄分组(P=0.916,0.564,0.734,0.423)、文化程度分布(P=0.937,0.488,0.522)、月经周期(P=0.839)、月经周期是否规律(P=0.943)、Nugent评分(P=0.614,0.089,0.108)等差异无统计学意义。对照组和不孕组患者阴道微生态各指标相比差异无统计学意义。不孕组患者解脲支原体阳性率明显高于对照组(P=0.000),沙眼衣原体阳性率明显高于对照组(P=0.005),阴道毛滴虫、线索细胞、假丝酵母菌等阳性率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(Ps0.05)。结论阴道解脲支原体、沙眼衣原体感染与女性输卵管性不孕症有关,可能是引起女性不孕的主要因素之一。     

绝经综合征患者肠道菌群特征CSCD

目的研究绝经综合征患者的肠道菌群特征,为该类患者的治疗提供参考。方法选取77例绝经综合征患者为病例组(P组),24例绝经前后健康女性为健康对照组(H组),采用16S rRNA基因测序技术检测两组对象肠道菌群结构,计算临床参数与肠道菌群的Spearman相关系数并采用PICRUSt2进行菌群的功能预测。结果两组对象肠道菌群的alpha和beta多样性差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。LEfSe分析显示两组对象肠道菌群存在显著差异的物种(种水平)有14个(LDA分数>2.0)。Spearman相关分析发现,雌二醇与聚集杆菌、动物双歧杆菌动物亚种和吉氏不动杆菌均呈正相关(均P<0.05),这3种细菌在绝经前后健康女性中数量较高,而卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素水平与上述3个物种均呈负相关(均P<0.05)。功能预测显示,与心血管疾病和碳水化合物代谢相关的KEGG L3代谢途径在P组患者肠道菌群中富集(均P<0.05)。结论绝经综合征患者存在肠道菌群结构紊乱,表现为与性激素水平相关的聚集杆菌、动物双歧杆菌动物亚种和吉氏不动杆菌丰度降低,同时在绝经综合征患者中存在独特的代谢途径。     

Preliminary studies of the effect of steroid hormones on skin bacteria in vitro

It results from studies on skin hormones that some of steroid hormones reach high concentrations on skin surface mainly during a course of acne vulgaris. Our studies indicate that the activity of hormones on skin bacteria can be multiform. Nineteen hormones of analytical grade of purity were tested. They were derived from different firms of synthesized in the Department of Endocrinology of the Pharmacology Institute of Polish Academy of Sciences in Cracow. Bacterial strains tested in this study were isolated from normal skin flora. The majority of the compounds tested in this study showed different reactivity toward Staphylococcus aureus as well as Staphylococcus epidermidis and anaerobic diphtheroids+ and sometimes aerobic ones.     

Evaluation of microbial flora of the eye during wear of soft contact lenses.

The microflora of the eye has been monitored in 21 patients during a 6-month period to study changes resulting from wear of soft contact lenses. A minimum of 20 cul-de-sac cultures were taken from each patient. Fifty-one percent of cultures taken prior to lens wear were positive for microbial growth, whereas, after lens wear, positive cultures ranged from 14.3% to 30.9" over the 6-month period. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequently isolated organism, followed by Micrococcus spp., diphtheroids, and Bacillus spp. Nonfermentative, gram-negative rods and fungi were isolated spordically. Bacterial growth was sparse from all specimens, but individual differences were found. The microflora of the eye appears to resemble that of the skin, suggesting that the eye has no real flora of its own, but has a transient flora supplied from the skin, possibly the eyelid.     

STUDIES ON THE STABILITY OF THE NORMAL HUMAN FECAL FLORA.

Zubrzycki, Leonard (Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa.) and Earle H. Spaulding. Studies on the stability of the normal human fecal flora. J. Bacteriol. 83:968-974. 1962.-The results of two series of stool cultures show that members of the genus Bacteriodes constitute the most numerous group of bacteria in the normal human adult fecal flora. Together with the enterococci, coliform bacilli, diphtheroids, and lactobacilli, these major components account for more than 99% of the total counts. Wide fluctuations in the number and types of minor organisms observed suggest the probability that they are held in check by these major components which may also possess mechanisms for preventing pathogens from establishing themselves in the large bowel.     

Evaluation of microbial flora of the eye during wear of soft contact lenses.

The microflora of the eye has been monitored in 21 patients during a 6-month period to study changes resulting from wear of soft contact lenses. A minimum of 20 cul-de-sac cultures were taken from each patient. Fifty-one percent of cultures taken prior to lens wear were positive for microbial growth, whereas, after lens wear, positive cultures ranged from 14.3% to 30.9" over the 6-month period. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequently isolated organism, followed by Micrococcus spp., diphtheroids, and Bacillus spp. Nonfermentative, gram-negative rods and fungi were isolated spordically. Bacterial growth was sparse from all specimens, but individual differences were found. The microflora of the eye appears to resemble that of the skin, suggesting that the eye has no real flora of its own, but has a transient flora supplied from the skin, possibly the eyelid.     

云南森林植物区系研究

云南森林植物(系指木本植物)主要起源于新生代,少数古老种起源于古生代至中生代。云南森林植物区系成分极为丰富而复杂,据研究已知森林植物149科(蕨类植物1科,裸子植物10科,被子植物138科),840属,5271种。本文根据对云南森林植物15个分布区类型统计分析,证明云南森林植物区系明显富于热带性同时兼有丰富的温带成分,热带属占总属数72.12％,温带属占总属数21.87％,中国特有属在云南有46属,占云南总属数5.33％。中国特有属的三个分布中心。有两个分布中心在云南(即新特有属中心和古老特有属中心)。本文还对云南森林植物区系的地理成分起源;云南森林植物区系成分复杂、丰富之成因;云南森林植物开发利用之前景进行了研究和探讨。     

Effect of antimicrobial soap containing chlorhexidine on the microbial flora of skin.

The qualitative and semiquantitative changes in the aerobic microbial flora of normal skin with the prolonged use of a chlorhexidine scrub (6 months) were investigated. More samples in the chlorhexidine scrub group had gram-negative bacilli in their axilla (63 of 96, 66%) and groin (36 of 96, 38%) than the controls (32 of 66, 49%, for axilla and 7 of 66, 11%, for groin; P = 0.01). Klebsiella and Enterobacter were the predominant organisms in the control and chlorhexidine groups, respectively. The chlorhexidine scrub produced a reduction in the total aerobic counts in the axilla, groin, and between the toes and the fingers. Fewer samples from the chlorhexidine-treated areas revealed the presence of lipophilic diphtheroids than did the controls. Lipophilic diphteroids were also reduced quantitatively in the groin and axilla with chlorhexidine treatment. No consistent pattern for the other major groups of bacteria was noted between the treatments.     

新生儿咽部微群落研究

本文调查了一周龄新生长的口咽部菌群,结果显示有约５０％的５－７天龄的新生儿其咽部正常的甲型链球菌群未能建立,易于为致病性较强的菌株定植,这段时间是这部份新生儿的敏感“窗期”。表皮葡萄球菌也是在新生儿口咽部最早定值的“先驱菌”之一,但对新生儿似无保护作用,其致病作用表现得亦不明显。     

小肠内容物菌群及膜菌群的研究

作者借助小肠镜及结肠镜于正常国人空肠及回肠中取材,共检测了３０例的肠内容物菌群及膜菌群,对１０种有代表性的需氧及厌氧菌进行了定性及定量分析,并对各菌株均作了生化鉴定,其结果显示空肠梭菌、回肠梭菌、乳杆菌及双歧杆菌的肠内容物菌群与膜菌群有显著差异。３０例空肠内容及粘膜组织中均未培养出肠球菌。大肠杆菌在空肠的腔菌群及膜菌群有１６／３０,１０／３０例,类杆菌有１２／３０和１０／３０例生长,并讨论了上述结果的意义。