絮凝法预处理透明质酸发酵液的研究

目的:提高透明质酸的纯度。方法:研究了絮凝预处理发酵液对醇沉法提取透明质酸的影响,并通过正交试验对预处理条件进行了优化。结果:明矾可作为最佳絮凝剂,正交实验最佳絮凝条件为:絮凝剂添加量1 000mg/L、絮凝温度30℃、絮凝转速60r/min、絮凝时间20min。在该条件下处理的HA发酵液相对于未经过处理的对照组,菌体去除率可提高42.6%,蛋白去除率可提高5.9%。     

超滤装置在生物制品中的应用

本文论述了生物大分子活性物质对超滤装置的基本要求。介绍了我国生物工程一些领域使用超滤技术的概况,阐述了ＨＦＳ系列超滤装置的设计功能及该系列装置在我国应用情况。     

超滤装置在生物制品中的应用

本文论述了生物大分子活性物质对超滤装置的基本要求。介绍我国生物工程一些领域使用超滤技术的概况,阐述了ＨＦＳ系列超滤装置的设计功能及该系列装置在我国应用情况。     

仪器法耐万古霉素肠球菌及耐药性监测

自从 1988年首次发现肠球菌 (GRE)对糖肽类抗生素耐药以来 ,肠球菌己成为医院感染的重要病原菌 ,给临床治疗造成了极大的困难。为了解我院肠球菌的流行及耐药现状 ,我们对我院 1999年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 4月分离到的 51株肠球菌种类分布及耐药性作了回顾性分析 ,现将结果报告如下。1　材料与方法1.1　标本来源　从 1999年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 4月我院所有血、体液 (胸水、腹水、脑脊液等 )标本和部分痰、分必物等标本分离到的肠球菌共计 51株。1.2　仪器及试剂　 mini VITAL全自动荧光血培养仪及专用需氧和厌氧血培养瓶 ,VITEK-3 2全自动细…     

对万古霉素敏感性下降的金黄色葡萄球菌研究进展

随着MRSA的越发,万古霉素在临床上的使用越来越频繁,成为治疗MRSA的最后一道防线;然而,对万古霉素敏感性下降的金黄色葡萄球菌的出现,临床上抗感染治疗面临极大困难,引起了医学界普遍的关注。本文对万古霉素敏感性下降的金黄色葡萄球菌的发展,耐药状况,作用机制,相关治疗和热门争议话题等方面的研究进展作一综述。     

耐万古霉素的金黄色葡萄球菌

目前认为万古霉素中度耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株一般从苯唑西林耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌转变而来。万古霉素中度耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌感染患者往往长期使用万古霉素或有慢性疾病。目前还没有系统检测万古霉素中度耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌的试验。如果用万古霉素治疗苯唑西林耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌感染失败,临床医生应警觉是否为万古霉素中度耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌感染。     

生物分离中应用超滤的若干问题

本文对超滤技术应用中普遍存在着的诸多重要因素进行了讨论。有些内容在一般教材和方面中较少详细论述。本文从应用者角度分析了产率、吸附、消毒和保存、温控、活性问题、压力和秀过速率以及技术联用应该注意的问题,并将共与膜质量参数、膜配置选择和操作模式相关联。对活性生物样品的处理,文中给予了较多的讨论,并希望结合超滤技术自身特点,在选择和配置一节中,对系统的各组成部分进行部分进行配置优化。应用中,安全性操作也     

对万古霉素敏感性下降的金黄色葡萄球菌研究进展

随着MRSA的越发,万古霉素在临床上的使用越来越频繁,成为治疗MRSA的最后一道防线;然而,对万古霉素敏感性下降的金黄色葡萄球菌的出现,临床上抗感染治疗面临极大困难,引起了医学界普遍的关注。本文对万古霉素敏感性下降的金黄色葡萄球菌的发展,耐药状况,作用机制,相关治疗和热门争议话题等方面的研究进展作一综述。     

超滤法浓缩提取大蒜SOD机制的研究

本文研究了超滤法浓缩提取大蒜SOD过程中不同膜材料、压力差、循环速度、扩散系数和截留率对透过通量的影响和关系,求得了各种膜的传质系数k和真实截留率R0以及PS膜的透过通量与压力差的关系式限通量最后探讨了超滤过程中分子形变对酶失活率的影响,并建立了酶失活率T与分子半径r二者关系式     

超滤膜纯化绞股蓝皂苷的工艺

探讨采用超滤膜分离纯化绞股蓝总皂苷的工艺。以固形物得率和绞股蓝总皂苷含量为评价指标进行正交试验,对操作压力、溶液温度和膜的规格等因素进行优选。发现最佳工艺条件为选择截留相对分子质量为3×104的超滤膜,在溶液温度40℃、操作压力2.0×106Pa条件下纯化效果较好;所选择的超滤膜纯化绞股蓝皂苷的工艺操作简单可靠,所得产品纯度高。     

Purification of monoclonal antibodies derived from transgenic goat milk by ultrafiltration

With the goal of recovering heterologous immunoglobulin (IgG), which comprises 10-15% of the total proteins, from transgenic goat milk at 80% yield and 80% purity, we have developed and tested a two-step membrane isolation and purification process. In the first step, reported earlier by Baruah and Belfort, microfiltration was used to fractionate the milk proteins and recover > 90% of the original IgG at a purity of about 15-20% in the permeate stream. Here, we focus on ultrafiltration (UF) to increase the purity of the target protein to 80%, while maintaining a relatively high IgG yield (80%). Tangential flow UF experiments in diafiltration mode were conducted with 100 kDa cellulosic membranes to evaluate the optimal pH, ionic strength, and uniform transmembrane pressure (TMP). The TMP was kept uniform by permeate circulation in co-flow mode. The traditional approach of conducting the UF process close to the pI of the predominant whey proteins (15-40 kDa, pI 5.2), to transmit these proteins while retaining heterologous IgG (155 kDa), could not be applied here because of precipitation of residual casein at pH values lower than 8.5. Instead, the packing characteristics of the cake layer on the membrane wall, as elucidated in the Aggregate Transport Model presented by Baruah et al. was utilized to achieve a selectivity of > 15, which was sufficient to meet the stated goals of purity and yield for this difficult separation. This combined process is expected to reduce the load on subsequent purification and polishing steps for eventual therapeutic use.     

大孔吸附树脂AB-8和十八烷基硅胶色谱分离纯化蛹虫草发酵液中虫草素工艺研究

主要研究了从蛹虫草发酵液中提取虫草素的工艺,确定了大孔吸附树脂AB-8及十八烷基键合硅胶反相层析柱对蛹虫草发酵液中虫草素的分离条件;吸附最佳工艺条件为上样液p H6,上样浓度0.4mg/m L,上样量5BV,吸附流速1.0BV/h;解吸最佳工艺条件包括解吸液20%乙醇,解吸体积15BV,解吸流速4BV/h。得到的解吸液进一步以十八烷基键合硅胶分离,条件为上样液p H6,梯度洗脱,流动相为p H6的水和p H6的乙醇。洗脱液通过结晶和重结晶得到精制虫草素。三步得到的虫草素纯度分别达到40%、90%和99%以上。     

茁霉多糖发酵及提取工艺条件研究

目的：茁霉多糖是一种新型多功能生物材料,该文拟对出芽短梗霉发酵茁霉多糖及其提取条件进行初步探索。方法：通过摇瓶培养确定了该菌株的发酵优化条件,在此条件下,获得了较高的多糖产量,同时通过醇提的方法对茁霉多糖的提取进也行了研究。结果：初步确定了茁霉多糖最佳发酵与提取条件。结论：摇瓶转速和发酵初始pH值是多糖发酵的重要影响因素,它们与多糖的合成密切相关。     

中试规模高效纯化重组人核苷二磷酸激酶A

中试规模纯化重组人核苷二磷酸激酶A(rhNDPK-A)。菌体高压匀浆,然后微滤去除菌体碎片,超滤浓缩,所得样品上样DEAE-sepharose Fast Flow,收集目的峰,上样Cibacron Blue 3GA Sepharose CL-4B,含ATP的缓冲液洗脱目的蛋白,超滤精制。结果表明,1500g菌体经过2次匀浆后,所得匀浆液中含NDPK47.6g,经过微滤超滤处理后,可回收目的蛋白27.3g。再经过两步柱层析及超滤精制后,最终可得纯度为96.3%的目的蛋白17.2g,总回收率为36.2%,每100g湿菌体的蛋白产率为1.15g。比较每个步骤的回收率,发现精制>亲和层析>离子交换层析>样品前处理过程。与前期报道发酵工艺联用,rhNDPK-A的纯化产量达到510mg/L。工艺简便、得率高的rhNDPK-A纯化工艺的建立为NDPK的应用开发提供了物质基础;另外,本文结果也提示,对于非分泌型重组蛋白来说,影响目的蛋白回收的最主要因素可能不是柱层析,而是样品前处理过程。     

Purification and characterization of two d-xylanases from Trichoderma harzianum

Two endo-1,4-β-d-xylanases (1,4-β-d-xylan xylanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.8) from Trichoderma harzianum E58 have been purified by ultrafiltration and chromatography on carboxymethyl-Sepharose, phenyl-Sepharose and Sephadex G-75. The d-xylanases were shown to be homogeneous by the criteria of dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The molecular weights were estimated to be 20 000 and 29 000, with pl values of 9.4 and 9.5, respectively. Typically, 456 mg of the 20 000 dalton and 1.9 mg of the 29 000 dalton d-xylanases were purified from 4.2 litre of culture filtrate with specific activities of 370 and 75 U mg^?1, respectively. Optimum d-xylanase activities were obtained when the enzymes were incubated at pH 5, 50°C, for the 20 000 dalton protein and pH 5, 60°C for the 29 000 dalton protein.     

大孔树脂分离纯化蛹虫草深层发酵液中虫草素的工艺研究

通过比较10种不同大孔树脂吸附蛹虫草深层发酵液中虫草素的性能,筛选出合适的大孔树脂H103,并对大孔树脂H103的吸附和解吸条件进行了考察。实验结果表明,上样吸附前调节pH值为9,上样浓度为0．2mg·mL^-1,吸附流速为2BV·h^-1时,大孔树脂H103对蛹虫草深层发酵液中的虫草素有良好的吸附性能;解吸时先用去离子水洗去部分杂质,再用40％的乙醇对虫草素进行洗脱,可以得到较好的效果。     

Purification during crossflow electromicrofiltration of fermentation broth

The present study was to investigate the purification of a fermentation broth by an electromicrofiltration membrane. Microfiltration runs with a crude and a centrifuged broth, with solution of particles recovered from centrifugation and with permeates from microfiltration experiments were thus compared.Microfiltration performances were governed by colloids and small particles that induced sharp initial flux declines. For these results, the evolution of the overall membrane resistance was increased by 80% in comparison with the electromicrofiltration membrane. The main focus of this study was set on the enhancement of the filtrate flux by an electric field. This pressure electrofiltration leads to a drastic improvement of the filtration by 100% and the filtration time was thereby reduced. Pressure electrofiltration serves as an interesting alternative to the cross-flow filtration and it effectively separates advantageous constituents such as amino acids and biopolymers from a fermentation broth. They were equally maintained during the microelectrofiltration, although they were significantly reduced by 45% by the microfiltration without the application of an electric field. Accordingly, since the electrofiltration membrane was provided more permeability, this study experimentally demonstrates that the permeability inside a membrane can be controlled using an electric field.     

Application of a 22L scale membrane bioreactor and cross-flow ultrafiltration to obtain purified chondroitin

Recently, the possibility of producing fructosylated chondroitin from the capsular polysaccharide of Escherichia coli O5:K4:H4, in fed‐batch and microfiltration experiments was assessed on a 2 L bioreactor. In this work, a first scale‐up step was set on a 22 L membrane reactor with modified baffles to insert ad hoc designed microfiltration modules permanently inside the bioreactor vessel. Moreover, the downstream polysaccharide purification process, recently established on the A¨?KTA cross‐flow instrument, was translated to a UNIFLUX‐10, a tangential flow filtration system suitable for prepilot scale. In particular, the microfiltered permeates obtained throughout the fermentation, and the supernatant recovered from the centrifuged broth at the end of the process, were treated as two separate samples in the following ultrafiltration procedure, and the differences in the two streams and how these affected the ultrafiltration/diafiltration process performance were analysed. The total amount of K4 capsular polysaccharide was about 85% in the broth and 15% in the microfiltered permeates. However, the downstream treatment was more efficient when applied to the latter. The major contaminant, the lipopolysaccharide, could easily be separated by a mild hydrolysis that also results in the elimination of the unwanted fructosyl residue, which is linked to the C‐3 of glucuronic acid residues. The tangential ultrafiltration/diafiltration protocols developed in a previous work were effectively scaled‐up, and therefore in this research proof of principle was established for the biotechnological production of chondroitin from the wild‐type strain E. coli O5:K4:H4. The complete downstream procedure yielded about 80% chondroitin with 90% purity. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 28: 1012–1018, 2012     

HPLC-ELSD法测定发酵液中L-精氨酸含量

建立了一种快速、准确的高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法(HPLC-ELSD)测定发酵液中L-精氨酸含量。采用Prevail C18色谱柱(C18 5μm,250×4.6 mm,Alltech),以5 mmol.L-1七氟丁酸(三氟乙酸调pH至1.0)和乙腈为流动相,采用梯度洗脱,总流速为1.0 mL/min。ELSD参数:漂移管温度为117.0℃,载气流速为3.2 L/min。L-精氨酸等氨基酸的回收率为96%~104%。能够快速、精确测定发酵样品中目的产物L-精氨酸与其它氨基酸含量。