浅议课题论据资料的搜集

课题报告的主要部分是论据,论据是否可信和具有说服力,取决于所搜集的论据资料。探讨如何通过书籍、期刊、教育法令和专家询问途径搜集他人的研究资料,在自己的研究中搜集体现学生素质和教师素质变化的论据资料,然后整合、分析他人和自己的论据资料,得出课题研究结论。     

The argument from biogenesis: Probabilities against a natural origin of life

No evidence exists that the accidental origin of life is too improbable to have occurred naturally, but there are numerous attempts to argue so. Dizzying statistics are cited to show that a god had to be responsible. This paper identifies the Argument from Biogenesis, then explains why all these arguments so far fail, and what would actually have to be done to make such an argument succeed. Describes seven general types of error, with examples. Includes a table of forty-seven statistics used by over twenty authors to date.     

An argument against a role for Oct4 in somatic stem cells

Reports of Oct4 expression in somatic and cancer cells have suggested that Oct4 could regulate self-renewal in somatic stem cells as it does in embryonic stem cells. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Lengner et al. (2007) provide compelling evidence that Oct4 is neither expressed in nor required for somatic stem cell function.     

Monoclonal antibodies against a beta-galactoside-binding lectin of chick embryo

Monoclonal antibodies against an endogenous beta-galactoside-binding lectin (monomer molecular weight 14,000, 14K lectin) of chick embryo were prepared and characterized. The inhibitory activities against hemagglutination, antigenic determinants and binding specificities were examined. Monoclonal antibody S1A4-5 strongly inhibited the hemagglutination activity of this lectin. This antibody did not bind to any cyanogen bromide (BrCN) fragment of the lectin. Another monoclonal antibody, S1A4-3, bound to one of the BrCN fragments (residues 34-66). However, this antibody inhibited hemagglutination only weakly. The bindings to isolectins of beta-galactoside-binding lectin, namely 14K lectin (monomer molecular weight 16,000) and a third species which is assumed to be a hybrid molecule consisting of 14K and 16K lectin subunits, were examined. The antibody SIA4-5 bound to 14K lectin but not to 16K lectin. In the case of the third species, intermediate binding was observed.