生长抑素联合奥美拉唑治疗肝硬化并发上消化道大出血的疗效分析

目的:观察生长抑素联合奥美拉唑治疗肝硬化并发上消化道大出血的临床效果.方法:将确诊的42例肝硬化合并上消化道大出血患者随机分为两组.治疗组采用生长抑素联合奥美拉唑的治疗方案,对照组生长抑素用法同治疗组.结果:治疗组在平均止血时间、输血量、止血有效率上均明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:生长抑素联合奥美拉唑治疗肝硬化并上消化道大出血临床效果明显,能缩短止血时间,减少输血量.     

埃索美拉唑三联疗法治疗复发性消化性溃疡临床对比研究

目的:比较埃索美拉唑三联与奥美拉唑三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)阳性复发性消化性溃疡的临床疗效.方法:将90例经内镜诊断并检测证实Hp阳性的复发性消化性溃疡患者随机分为两组.A组(45例):埃索美拉唑20 mg 羟氨苄青霉素l g 黄连素300 mg,每日2次,共7 d;B组(45例):奥美拉唑20 mg 羟氨苄青霉素1 g 克拉霉素500 mg,每日2次,共7 d.疗程结束4周后复查胃镜并检测Hp,观察腹痛缓解率、溃疡愈合率、Hp根除率及用药后的不良反应等.结果:埃索美拉唑组第1天和第2天腹痛缓解率分别为34.6%和59.6%,高于奥美拉唑组的17.3%和38.5%(P＜0.05 o埃索美拉唑组和奥美拉唑组溃疡愈合率分别为92-3%和88.5%,Hp根除率分别为88.5%和82.7%,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).两组用药后不良反应少,有较好的安全性.结论:埃索美拉唑三联疗法治疗Hp阳性的复发性消化性溃疡安全有效,腹痛缓解速度优于奥美拉唑三联疗法.     

奥美拉唑和泮托拉唑治疗消化性溃疡的效果观察

目的:研究分析奥美拉唑与半托拉唑应用于消化性溃疡的临床疗效。方法:选择2013年4月-2014年4月期间在我院接受治疗的66例消化性溃疡患者,利用抽签的方法将其分成对照组与观察组,对照组33例患者应用奥美拉唑进行治疗;观察组33例患者应用半托拉唑进行治疗。结果:观察组患者的总有效率为93.94%(31/33)明显高于对照组的81.82%(27/33),差异P0.05有统计学意义。并且观察组患者发生不良反应的机率为6.06%(2/33)明显低于对照组的18.18%(6/33),差异P0.05有统计学意义。结论:半托拉唑相比奥美拉唑治疗消化性溃疡更安全、更有效,临床的实用性、可推行性较高。     

黄连素佐治2型糖尿病并HP感染型消化性溃疡的临床观察

目的:探讨黄连素辅助治疗2型糖尿病合并幽门螺旋杆菌(helicobacter pylori,HP)感染型消化性溃疡的临床疗效及安全性.方法:将100例被诊断为2型糖尿病合并HP感染的消化性溃疡患者随机分为黄连素治疗组和对照组,每组50例;在进行血糖控制的基础上,对照组患者给予三联(奥美拉唑胶囊、阿莫西林胶囊、克拉霉素片)抗HP治疗;黄连素治疗组则以三联+黄连素进行治疗;治疗2周后,对照组患者单用质子泵抑制剂奥美拉唑继续治疗2周;黄连素治疗组则以黄连素+奥美拉唑继续治疗2周;治疗期间每周进行1次静脉空腹血糖检查,治疗前后行胃镜检查分析溃疡的愈合程度和HP的根治情况.结果:黄连素治疗组患者溃疡愈合率及HP根治率分别为,均显著高于对照组,且可改善空腹血糖;黄连素治疗在不良反应的发生方面与对照组无显著性差异,P＞0.05.结论:对于糖尿病合并消化性溃疡的患者,黄连素佐治可有效控制空腹血糖,并显著提高消化性溃疡的临床疗效,且安全性良好,值得临床推广.     

嗜酸乳杆菌(乐托尔)治疗幽门螺杆菌感染疗效

目的 :观察嗜酸乳杆菌 (乐托尔 )对人胃内幽门螺杆菌的治疗作用。方法 :经证实 Hp感染阳性的胃、十二指肠溃疡病人 ,分别给予嗜酸乳杆菌治疗组与胃三联的对照组 ,给药后观察临床症状恢复情况 ,溃疡愈合情况 ,胃粘膜 Hp感染情况 ;结果 :(1)总的临床症状改善率治疗组总有效率为 89.8% (35 / 37) ,对照组为 92 .9% (34/ 36 ) ,两组比较差异无显著性。 (2 )溃疡愈合率 :两组病人愈合治疗组与对照组分别是85 .9% (5 5 / 6 4 )和 92 .1% (71/ 77) ,两组χ2 检验比较差异无显著性 (P<0 .0 5 )。 (3) Hp转阴率 :两组在 4周末分别是治疗组 6 7.3% (33/ 4 9)和 84 .5 % (49/ 5 8) ,两组比较差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :嗜酸乳杆菌在抑制 Hp感染作用与抗菌素相仿 ,值得临床上应用 ,是临床上抗 Hp感染治疗极的前途的药物之一。     

埃索美拉唑治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性十二指肠球部溃疡疗效观察

目的:比较埃索美拉唑与兰索拉唑、奥美拉唑三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)阳性十二指肠球部溃疡疗效观察。方法:将84例Hp阳性的十二指肠球部溃疡随机分为三组。埃索美拉唑组(28例):埃索美拉唑20mg+阿莫西林1g+呋喃唑酮100mg,每日2次,共7日,后服用埃索美拉唑20mg,每日一次,共21天;兰索拉唑组(28例):兰索拉唑15mg+阿莫西林1g+呋喃唑酮100mg,每日2次,共7日,后服用兰索拉唑15mg,每日一次,共21天;奥美拉唑组(28例):奥美拉唑20mg+阿莫西林1g+呋喃唑酮100mg,每日2次,共7日,后服用奥美拉唑20mg,每日一次,共21天。疗效结束4周后复查胃镜并检测Hp,观察腹痛缓解率、溃疡愈合率,Hp根治率及药物不良反应。结果:埃索美拉唑组、兰索拉唑组和奥美拉唑组溃疡愈合率分别为100%,85.7%,82.1%,HP根治率为85.7%,60.7%,64.3%,埃索美拉唑组溃疡愈合率及Hp根除率高于兰索拉唑组及奥美拉唑组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。兰索拉唑组及奥美拉唑组溃疡愈合率及Hp根除率无明显差异(P>0.05)。三组用药后不良反应少,具较好的安全性。结论:埃索美拉唑三联疗法治疗Hp阳性的消化性溃疡疗效优于兰索拉唑及奥美拉唑三联疗法,值得临床广泛应用。     

双歧杆菌四联活菌片 在首次根除幽门螺杆菌失败胃溃疡患者中的应用

目的探讨双歧杆菌四联活菌片在首次根除幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)失败胃溃疡患者中的应用。方法选择2018年1月至2018年11月于我院内科首次根除H.pylori失败的H.pylori感染胃溃疡(Hp-GU)患者84例,随机分为观察组和对照组各42例。两组患者均予以兰索拉唑片(30 mg/次,1次/d)、阿莫西林胶囊(1.0 g/次,2次/d)、克拉霉素片(0.5 g/次,2次/d)和枸橼酸铋钾颗粒(220 mg/次,2次/d)口服治疗,连用2周。2周后继续使用兰索拉唑片30 mg/次,1次/d,再用4周。观察组患者在此基础上加用双歧杆菌四联活菌片1.5 g/次,3次/d,连用6周。观察两组患者治疗前后血清炎症因子[白介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]水平的变化,并比较溃疡愈合情况、H.pylori清除率及不良反应发生率。结果治疗6周后,两组患者血清IL-6和TNF-α水平较治疗前明显下降(均P0.05),且观察组下降程度大于对照组(P0.05);同时观察组患者临床总有效率(95.24%)明显高于对照组(80.95%),H.pylori清除率(90.48%)明显高于对照组(73.81%),不良反应发生率(7.14%)低于对照组(23.81%),差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论双歧杆菌四联活菌片联合四联疗法对首次根除H.pylori失败的Hp-GU患者疗效确切,可明显降低血清炎症因子水平,抑制胃黏膜炎症反应,有利于提高溃疡的愈合率和H.pylori清除率,降低患者不良反应发生率。     

奥美拉唑联合生长抑素治疗肝硬化并上消化道大出血的临床疗效

目的:探讨垂体后叶素、奥美拉唑联合生长抑素与垂体后叶素联合三腔两囊压迫止血治疗肝硬化并上消化道大出血的临床疗效及安全性。方法:收集58例于我院治疗的肝硬化并上消化道大出血患者。随机分为A组和B组,每组各29例。两组患者均给予保肝、输血、禁食、补充血容量。A组给予垂体后叶素50 U 0.1 u/min维持静滴,加用三腔两囊管压迫止血进行治疗;B组给予垂体后叶素50 U 0.1 u/min维持静滴,0.1~0.2 mg生长抑素加入20 m L生理盐水静脉缓慢推注,继以0.2 mg生长抑素以25~50μg/h静脉滴入,同时静脉滴注奥美拉唑40 mg,2次/日。治疗结束后,比较两组患者临床总有效率、不良反应发生率、止血时间及输血量。结果:与A组患者相比较,B组患者的临床总有效率、不良反应发生率、止血时间及输血量水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:垂体后叶素、奥美拉唑联合生长抑素治疗肝硬化并上消化道大出血患者比垂体后叶素联合三腔两囊压迫止血治疗的临床总有效率高,不良发应少,止血时间短,输血量少。     

地佐辛抑制依托咪酯所致肌阵挛时对心率和平均动脉压影响的临床研究

目的:观察地佐辛抑制依托咪酯所致肌阵挛时对患者的心率和平均动脉压的影响。方法:选择120例择期全麻手术患者,将其随机分为对照组和实验组(地佐辛0.1 mg/kg),每组60例。在依托咪酯麻醉诱导前,实验组患者静脉注射地佐辛,对照组静脉注射等容积生理盐水。5分钟后,两组均静脉注射依托咪酯0.3 mg/kg麻醉诱导,记录和比较两组患者在给予地佐辛和生理盐水前(T0期)、给予地佐辛和生理盐水后5分钟(T1期)、给予依托咪酯后2分钟(T2期)的平均动脉压和心率的变化情况,并观察其有无肌阵挛及肌阵挛的程度。结果:对照组患者肌震颤的发生率为60%,实验组无患者发生肌震颤,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。两组患者T2期平均动脉压均较同T0、T1期显著下降,但对照组和实验组患者T2期平均动脉压比较无显著差异(P0.05)。对照组T0、T1和T2三期心率无明显变化(P0.05),实验组T2期心率较T0和T1期明显下降,亦明显低于对照组T2期心率,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:应用地佐辛预处理抑制依托咪酯麻醉诱导所致肌阵挛时,其对患者的平均动脉压无明显影响,可使心率减慢,但心率处于正常范围内。     

奥美拉唑治疗功能性消化不良的疗效观察

目的:探讨小剂量奥美拉唑治疗功能性消化不良(FD)的疗效及安全性.方法:96例FD患者随机分为2组,口服小剂量奥美拉唑48例(观察组),10 mg,1次/日;口服多潘立酮48例(对照组),10 mg/次,3次/日.疗程均为2周.观察两组患者症状改善程度及不良反应.结果:观察组与对照组患者治疗后胃部烧灼感、餐后饱胀、上腹痛、嗳气症状评分均较前明显改善,差异有统计学意义.临床总有效率分别为68.9%、70.8%,差异无统计学意义.对照组不良反应发生率高于观察组,差异具有统计学意义.结论:小剂量奥美拉唑治疗FD疗效较好,不良反应少,值得临床推广应用.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.