共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
2.
中国的食用和药用大型真菌 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
近年来,国内对蘑菇、多孔菌、腹菌及子囊菌中大型真菌资源的开发应用十分重视,研究范围相当广泛,尤其在食用和药用真菌方面的应用和研究进展很快,反映出广阔的发展前景。(一) 食用真菌以蘑菇为主的食用真菌(简称食用菌),风味独特,营养丰富,经常食用有益于人体健康。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
中国六种重要药用真菌名称的说明 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
对我国6种重要药用真菌的名称进行了考证,按照国际命名法规及《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》对这些种类的拉丁和汉语学名进行了讨论。建议下列汉语名称和拉丁名称为规范的汉语学名和拉丁学名:樟芝Taiwanofungus camphoratus (M. Zang & C.H. Su) Sheng H. Wu et al.,桦褐孔菌Inonotus obliquus (Ach. ex Pers.) Pilát,木耳Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél.,刺槐多年卧孔菌Perenniporia robiniophila (Murrill) Ryvarden,滑子蘑Pholiota microspora (Berk.) Sacc.,冬虫夏草Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) G.H. Sung et al.,其他相关名称均应为异名。 相似文献
6.
中国灵芝学名之管见 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
灵芝是最重要的药用真菌之一,在我国已有2,000多年的记载和利用历史。虽然早在一百多年前法国真菌学家Patouillard就有给中国的灵芝冠上Ganoderma lucidum这一学名,并沿用至今,但随着分子生物学技术的不断发展,人们认识到过去外国人的定名并不正确。实际上,G.lucidum是1871年由William Curtis根据采自英国的标本描述的新物种。最近的研究表明,我国广泛分布和栽培的灵芝与产于欧洲的G.lucidum不同,是一个独立的种,其合法的拉丁学名应为G.lingzhi。鉴于"灵芝"这一名称在中国已使用2,000余年,故建议"G.lingzhi"的汉语学名为"灵芝"(俗称赤芝),而灵芝属的模式种G.lucidum的汉语学名改为"亮盖灵芝"(俗称白肉灵芝或白灵芝)。灵芝Ganoderma lingzhi广泛分布于东亚暖温带和亚热带,其主要形态特征是孔口表面新鲜时浅黄色至硫磺色、成熟时菌肉中有黑褐色区带、管口壁厚度为80–120μm。亮盖灵芝G.lucidum主要分布于欧洲和亚洲,在我国分布于东北、华北、华中和西南海拔较高地区,其孔口表面新鲜时白色至奶油色、成熟时菌肉中无黑褐色区带、管口壁厚度为40–80μm。四川灵芝G.sichuanense尽管其担孢子与灵芝G.lingzhi相似,但基于其模式标本ITS序列的系统发育研究表明,该种与灵芝不同,是个独立的种,且在广东也有发现。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
秦岭药用真菌区系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
旨在积累秦岭山区药用真菌资源的基础资料,同时,也是该地区野生真菌资源的开发、利用和保护前提。此次研究采用野外踏查、室内查对标本和校对相关文献资料的方法对秦岭山区药用真菌种质资源及其区系特点进行了初步的研究和探讨。结果显示,秦岭共有药用真菌196种,其中隶属于39科90属,含10种以上的科有4科,共107种,占全部种数的54.59%,分别为多孔菌科、红菇科、口蘑科和马勃科;含5种及5以上的属有8属,共5 9种,占总种数的30.09%,依次为红菇属、乳菇属、栓菌属、木层孔菌属、鬼伞属、马勃属、粘盖牛肝菌属、秃马勃属;从属的区系地理成分上可划分为广布成分(67.78%)、泛热带成分(4.44%)、热带亚洲-热带非洲成分(1.59%)和北温带成分(26.67%)4个分布型,其中以广布成分为主,表现典型温带区系特征。从其药理作用上分析,主要有抗癌、抗菌消炎、舒筋活络、止血、调节免疫力、养胃、补益等作用。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
13.
食用菌跻身我国第五大农作物,我国已经成为名副其实的食药用菌大国。本文对近十年来食药用菌重要种类名称变更、人工培植或栽培技术的突破和基因组学研究的进展进行了综述。随着分子系统学研究的深入,灵芝、黑木耳、毛木耳、桑黄等重要种类的名称得到更正和完善;冬虫夏草、羊肚菌、暗褐网柄牛肝菌等难栽培种类在全世界范围内首次实现人工栽培;大多数常见食药用菌种类完成了基因组解析。分析了分类和系统发育研究、生物学研究、组学研究与食药用菌产业发展的关系,基础研究促进食药用菌产业发展,同时产业发展为基础研究提出更多的科学问题。 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
17.
The present investigation on fungal diversity shows that there were rich fungal resources of up to 196 species,belonging to 41 families and 90 genera,in the Qinling Mountainous Range of central China.The dominant families were Polyporaceae,Russulaceae,Tricholomatacea and Lycoperdaceae,which comprised 107 species,54.59% of the total species.The dominant genera were Russula, Lactarius, Trametes, Phellinus, Coprinus,Lycoperdon,Suillu,and Calvatia,which consisted of 59 species,30.09% of the total species.According to the geographical characteristics,the genera were grouped into:cosmopolitan element (74.98%),pantropical element (3.57%),tropical element (1.02%) and north temperate element (21.43%),with the cosmopolitan element constituting the majority.Among these,the cosmopolitan and North Temperate Zone were characteristic of this region.Based on relevant literature review,the primary pharmaceutical action of the medicinal fungi in Qinling Mountain can be classified as follows:anti-cancer,anti-bacteria,anti-inflammation,relief of muscle rigidity and activation of collaterals,hemostasis,immunological regulation,as well as nourishing the stomach and tonification which means enhancing the body system. 相似文献
18.
The present investigation on fungal diversity shows that there were rich fungal resources of up to 196 species, belonging
to 41 families and 90 genera, in the Qinling Mountainous Range of central China. The dominant families were Polyporaceae, Russulaceae, Tricholomatacea and Lycoperdaceae, which comprised 107 species, 54.59% of the total species. The dominant genera were Russula, Lactarius, Trametes, Phellinus, Coprinus, Lycoperdon, Suillu, and Calvatia, which consisted of 59 species, 30.09% of the total species. According to the geographical characteristics, the genera were
grouped into: cosmopolitan element (74.98%), pantropical element (3.57%), tropical element (1.02%) and north temperate element
(21.43%), with the cosmopolitan element constituting the majority. Among these, the cosmopolitan and North Temperate Zone
were characteristic of this region. Based on relevant literature review, the primary pharmaceutical action of the medicinal
fungi in Qinling Mountain can be classified as follows: anti-cancer, anti-bacteria, anti-inflammation, relief of muscle rigidity
and activation of collaterals, hemostasis, immunological regulation, as well as nourishing the stomach and tonification which
means enhancing the body system.
Contributed equally to the paper 相似文献