卵泡刺激素及其受体与肿瘤的相关性

卵泡刺激素受体(follicle stimulating hormone receptor,FSHR)被认为只表达在人和哺乳动物的睾丸支持细胞和卵巢颗粒细胞中,在生殖中具有重要作用。最近研究发现,FSHR在多种肿瘤血管内皮细胞表面特异表达,这引起了研究者对该受体与肿瘤尤其是与肿瘤血管形成之间关系的关注。本文主要对FSH和FSHR信号通路及其病理意义和在肿瘤中的作用等方面的研究进展进行综述。     

肾炎致病原重组受体相关蛋白的表达及纯化

用pGEX载体系统体外构建了Heymann肾炎致病原受体相关蛋白(RAP)重组表达质粒,经IPTG诱导,该质粒表达的融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中得到了高效表达,其表达量达39．4％,经GST-Sephrose 4B亲和层析,得到了高度纯化,其诱导产生的抗体经蛋白质印迹法分析证明能识别肾皮质天然抗原44ku受体相关蛋白.RAP表达及纯化的成功为研究致病原病理性表型提供了有利条件．     

内毒素结合肽的改良、原核表达及纯化

目的：对人内毒素结合肽(endotoxin binding peptide,EBP)进行改良,获得突变体mEBP(mutate of endotoxin binding peptide,mEBP)基因并进行原核表达,纯化获得高纯度的mEBP。方法：应用PCR定点诱变方法获得mEBP基因,构建PinpointXa-3/mEBP融合表达载体,在BL21(DE3) pLysS宿主菌进行表达,溶菌酶裂解法提取包涵体,融合蛋白经PinpointTM Xa 纯化后,由factorXa酶切,获得目的肽,RP-HPLC纯化获得高纯度的mEBP。结果 应用PCR定点诱变技术完成了EBP第5.18位谷氨酰胺 赖氨酸的定点突变,且通过原核表达,色谱纯化获得了高纯度的mEBP。结论 成功获得高纯度的mEBP,为下一步的抗内毒素功能检测奠定基础。     

人催乳素受体胞外区蛋白的原核表达及纯化

目的:建立人催乳素受体的原核表达系统,并在大肠杆菌中获得表达。方法:由RT-PCR获得人催乳素受体(human prolactin receptor,hPRLR)胞外区氨基酸的编码序列,扩增并通过酶切位点修饰后克隆至pMD18-T载体,经测序正确后,切下编码序列连接到重组表达载体pGEX-4T-2中,转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3),用IPTG诱导重组工程菌表达,使用谷胱甘肽偶联的GSTrapFF柱亲和层析纯化重组蛋白。结果:重组菌株可以表达GST-hPRLR融合蛋白,用免疫印迹反应鉴定纯化的融合蛋白,在相对分子质量为37.6×103处有一条带。结论:利用大肠杆菌表达系统获得了较高纯度的GST-hPRLR融合蛋白,为进一步研究催乳素受体的功能和制备特异性的抗体奠定了基础。     

抗转铁蛋白受体单链抗体的表达、纯化及活性测定

根据转铁蛋白受体和转铁蛋白特异性结合的性质,利用亲和纯化的方法从胎盘中提取转铁蛋白受体。以转铁蛋白受体为抗原包被免疫管,从全合成人源噬菌体单链抗体库中筛选其抗体。对筛选到的抗体进行特异性鉴定后,将抗体基因插入表达载体pET22b( ),转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导后获得可溶性表达。HeLa细胞的免疫组化结果显示,表达的抗体可以与转铁蛋白受体结合。表达产物经Ni-NTA金属螯和层析柱纯化、脱咪唑后,从尾静脉注射小鼠。1h后,去除血液及毛细血管的干扰,在脑实质中检测到了抗体的存在,说明该抗体可以通过血脑屏障。     

白细胞抑制因子和水蛭肽嵌合蛋白表达纯化及活性研究

[目的]采用大肠杆菌表达白细胞抑制因子和水蛭肽嵌合蛋白,表达纯化后进行抗细胞黏附活性及抑制凝血酶活性的功能研究.[方法]将编码白细胞抑制因子和水蛭肽嵌合蛋白的基因构建到pET28a载体上,转化菌株Rosetta(DE3)并经IPTG诱导表达后分别经镍柱和分子筛进一步纯化,使用实时细胞分析仪和血凝仪分别测定了白细胞抑制因...     

截短的HCV NS3蛋白的表达、纯化及应用

目的:为了发展新一代HCV检测试剂盒,使包被的NS3蛋白能提高其检测的精确度与准确度.方法:通过生物信息学方法选定目标蛋白为HCV1263a.a～1583a.a,应用PCR方法克隆出编码此部分NS3蛋白的DNA序列,连接到表达载体pQE30构建重组子pQNS3,转化工程菌株JM109后诱导表达,表达产物通过Western-blot实验证实,用Ni-NTA-Superflow亲和层析柱纯化,采用ELISA方法检测纯化的蛋白在免疫检测中的应用.结果:工程菌株在IPIG诱导下表达出N端含6个组氨酸的NS3融合蛋白,分子量约为36kDa,利用纯化的目标蛋白对40份HCV抗体阳性参考品,蛋白检测的符合率为77.5%(31/40);对40份阴性参考品,检测符合率为97.5%(39/40).结论:表达的NS3融合蛋白,具有很好的应用价值,可以应用于新一代HCV检测试剂盒以及对NS3蛋白功能的研究.     

新型重组人内毒素结合肽突变体的构建及原核表达纯化

目的构建新型人内毒素结合肽（a new endotoxin binding peptide consisting of 25 amino acid residues,EBP25）及其突变体（mutant of EBP25,mEBP25）的原核表达重组质粒,并在大肠埃希菌中诱导表达。方法采用PCR法,扩增EBP25基因,构建pET-30-EBP25.融合表达载体并转化Ecoli DH5α扩增。重组质粒经酶切和测序鉴定后,应用快速定点突变法将EBP25第2位缬氨酸和第5位谷氨酰胺所对应碱基均替换成赖氨酸所对应的碱基,突变后重组质粒再经测序鉴定后,将二者转化至E．coli BL21（DE3）PlysS后经IPTG诱导表达,表达产物采用Western印迹进行鉴定后,用His—Tag亲和层析对融合蛋白进行纯化。结果两次测序结果显示人EBP25,和mEBP25重组序列和理论设计序列完全一致后,经IPTG诱导表达获得目的融合蛋白,通过SDS—PAGE电泳、Western印迹证实蛋白表达的特异性,并对蛋白进行纯化,获得EBP25和mEBP25融合蛋白。结论构建、表达纯化了EBP25和mEBP25融合蛋白,为进一步研究其中和内毒素／月旨多糖活性奠定了基础。     

MMP-2结合肽-蜂毒素杂合基因的表达纯化及活性测定

为开发抗癌导向多肽药物,用从噬菌体十二肽库中筛选的与MMP-2具有高度亲和性的十二肽与蜂毒素连接,采用基因工程方法在大肠杆菌中进行了高效表达;并分别通过亲和层析、肠激酶酶切、凝胶层析获得高纯度的多肽(相对分子质量45000),经体外抑瘤作用测定该融合蛋白具有明显抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。该研究对肿瘤的导向治疗和临床应用提供了一定的帮助。     

内毒素结合肽的原核表达、纯化及生物学活性鉴定

重组人内毒素结合肽 (endotoxinbindingpeptide ,EBP)融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达 ,分离和纯化后对其进行生物学活性观察 .将构建好的PinpointⅩa3 EBP生物素融合表达载体转化大肠杆菌DH5α ,IPTG诱导表达菌株 ,亲和层析法纯化表达产物 ,因子Ⅹa(factorⅩa)切割分离内毒素结合肽 ,采用凝胶过滤和反相液相高效色谱法两步纯化 ,从相对分子质量、N端 1 0个氨基酸的序列分析等方面进行鉴定 ;利用人单核细胞U937对重组内毒素结合肽进行了生物学活性的检测 .结果发现 ,内毒素结合肽以包涵体形式存在 ,因子Ⅹa酶切融合蛋白后得到 3 5kD的内毒素结合肽 ,纯化后内毒素结合肽纯度达 99%以上 ,N端 1 0个氨基酸的分析结果与预期相符 ;初步证实内毒素结合肽具有较好的LPS结合活性 ,能够抑制LPS的作用 .经原核表达及纯化复性 ,获得了具有较好生物学活性的内毒素结合肽 ,为进一步研究其功能奠定了良好的基础     

Expression of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor in the dog prostate

A possible role for gonadotrophins luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the prostate physiology has been suggested in humans and rats. This study aimed at investigating the presence of receptors for LH and FSH (LHR and FSHR) in the canine prostate. Prostates were collected at post mortem from 6 clinically healthy, sexually intact beagles free from any prostatic disorder. Tissue was sampled from dorsal, middle and ventral regions of each prostate. Immunohistochemical localization was performed on wax-embedded sections using polyclonal antibodies for LHR or FSHR. The pattern and intensity of staining in the parenchyma (glandular epithelium) and stroma were determined using a semiquantitative histologic assessment. Receptors for LH and FSH were consistently present in both the glandular epithelium and the stroma in all tissue samples examined. Expression for both receptors was higher in the glandular epithelium than the stroma of all prostatic regions (P < 0.001). In the glandular epithelium, LHR (P < 0.01) and FSHR (P < 0.05) expression was lower in the lateral than the other regions, and there was no difference between dorsal and ventral regions. However, variations in the expression for LHR and FSHR among prostatic regions were not found in the stroma. These findings have demonstrated that LHR and FSHR are expressed in the dog prostate, and the variation observed in their levels of expression among its regions and tissue layers suggests a potential role of gonadotrophins LH and FSH in the regulation of the prostate physiology, particularly the glandular epithelium.     

Demonstration of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor in cauda epididymis of rat

FSH receptor has been shown to be specifically expressed only in the Sertoli cells in males. In one of our studies that consisted of deprival of endogenous FSH in immature rats and adult bonnet monkeys, atrophy of the epididymis was observed, cauda region being the most affected. Although epididymis is an androgen-dependent tissue, the changes in histology of the cauda region were observed without any associated change in the levels of testosterone in FSH-deprived animals. Considering this, it was of interest to evaluate the possibility of epididymis being a direct target for FSH action. In the present study, we have examined the expression of FSH receptor in the epididymis of rat and monkey. In the cauda region of rat epididymis, FSH receptor expression was demonstrated by RT-PCR and Northern and Western blot analyses. FSH receptor was found to be functional as observed by its ability to bind 125IoFSH, by an increase in cAMP production, and by BrdU incorporation following addition of FSH under in vitro conditions. These results suggest the possibility of a role for FSH in regulating the growth of the epididymis.     

Cationic modulation of follicle-stimulating hormone binding to granulosa cell receptor

Magnesium (Mg2+) increases binding of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to membrane-bound receptors and increases adenylyl cyclase activity. We examined the effects of divalent and monovalent cations on FSH binding to receptors in granulosa cells from immature porcine follicles. Divalent and monovalent cations increased binding of [125I]iodo-porcine FSH (125I-pFSH). The divalent cations Mg2+, calcium (Ca2+) and manganese, (Mn2+) increased specific binding a maximum of 4- to 5-fold at added concentrations of 10 mM. Mg2+ caused a half-maximal enhancement of binding at 0.6 mM, whereas Ca2+ and Mn2+ had half-maximal effects at 0.7 mM and 0.8 mM, respectively. The monovalent cation potassium (K+) increased binding a maximum of 1.5-fold at an added concentration of 50 mM, whereas the monovalent cation (Na+) did not increase binding at any concentration tested. The difference between K+ and Na+ suggested that either enhancement of binding was not a simple ionic effect or Na+ has a negative effect that suppresses its positive effect. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, a chelator of Mg2+, prevented binding of 125I-pFSH only in the presence of Mg2+, whereas pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin, a competitor with FSH for the receptor, prevented binding in both the absence and the presence of Mg2+. Guanyl-5-ylimidodiphosphate (Gpp[NH]p) inhibited binding of 125I-pFSH in the absence or presence of Mg2+, but only at Gpp(NH)p concentrations greater than 1 mM. We used Mg2+ to determine if divalent cations enhanced FSH binding by increasing receptor affinity or by increasing the apparent number of binding sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Endocytosis of follicle-stimulating hormone by ovarian granulosa cells: analysis of hormone processing and receptor dynamics

Suspensions of freshly isolated rat granulosa cells were used to study endocytosis and processing of radioiodinated ovine follicle-stimulating hormone (I-oFSH) and to analyze the dynamics of its receptor. Ovine FSH was iodinated to a specific activity of 26 microCi/micrograms as determined by radioreceptor self-displacement assays with maximum specific binding to excess membrane receptors of 46%. Radiolabeled oFSH was judged biologically equivalent to the unlabeled hormone since I-oFSH shows saturation-binding kinetics and stimulates steroidogenesis in a similar dose-related manner to unlabeled oFSH. Experiments designed to study the extent and time course of degradation involved continuous exposure of isolated granulosa cells to I-oFSH. Saturation of membrane receptors was achieved within 1.5 h of incubation, and internalization of FSH occurred in a linear manner for up to 6 h. The rate of internalization was equivalent to 2,780 FSH molecules/cell/h. Degradation of FSH became apparent after 6 h of incubation and increased to 86% of total cellular-associated radioactivity at 22 h. FSH degradation was inhibited by 100 microM chloroquine or 0.45 mM leupeptin. The measurement of cell surface I-oFSH binding in the combined presence of 100 microM chloroquine and 0.5 mM cycloheximide was unchanged for up to 22 h of incubation. This and other receptor binding data suggest that there is no reutilization of FSH receptors. Scatchard analyses of 4 degrees C binding assays on intact cells indicated that a two-site model best fit the data with association constants of K11 = 1.44 (+/- .42) X 10(10) and K12 = 4.35 (+/- .91) X 10(8). Receptor binding and activation studies for progesterone production yielded ED50s of 270 pM and 7.7 pM, respectively, and also indicated that 20% receptor occupancy is sufficient to stimulate maximal progesterone production. We conclude that after the initial binding event, FSH is endocytosed very slowly and is subsequently shuttled to the lysosomal compartment for degradation. The retarded rate of endocytosis may relate to novel pathways of hormone processing.