兰州百合的组织培养(简报)

以兰州百合植株地下部幼嫩鳞片作为外植体,在MS 6—BA0．5mg/L NAA0．5mg/L的培养基上诱导产生不定芽效果最佳。靠近鳞茎盘部位的外植体诱导出的芽数量较多、质量较好。在添加NAA0．15mg/L的1／2MS生根培养基中可正常发根。     

东方百合鳞片的组织培养

东方百合最佳诱导分化培养基为MS 6-BA 1.0 NAA 0.5 2,4-D 1.0;不定芽增殖最佳培养基为MS 6-BA 1.0 NAA 0.1;最佳生根培养基为MS NAA 0.2.3个品种外部鳞片和中部鳞片的分化能力大于内部鳞片;同一个鳞片上段鳞片的分化能力最差,下段最强;每块鳞片分化不定芽数也是上段最少,下段最多.     

西伯利亚百合器官离体培养及结鳞茎的研究

通过对西伯利亚百合不同外植体离体培养、生根培养以及结鳞茎的研究,建立了组织培养快速繁殖技术体系。结果表明:诱导鳞茎不定芽分化的最佳培养基为M S+1.0 BA+0.5 NAA,大于2 cm叶片长的分化率达到135.67%;诱导叶柄不定芽分化的最适培养基为M S+0.5 BA+1.0 NAA,分化率达到28%;诱导叶片不定芽分化的最适培养基为M S+0.5 BA+1.0 NAA+0.1 KT,分化率达到12.50%。最适增殖培养基为M S+0.2 NAA,60 d后增值率达到318%;最佳结鳞茎和生根培养基为M S+9%蔗糖,蔗糖浓度为3%~9%时,对结鳞茎和生根具有促进作用,11%时,对其具有抑制作用。     

百合鳞片组织培养研究

目的:建立百合鳞片组织培养的繁殖技术。方法:研究不同培养基对百合增殖的影响,不同浓度的激素组合对百合鳞片不定芽的诱导、芽的增殖、壮苗和生根的影响。结果:MS培养基为百合最适增殖培养基;最佳诱芽培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L 6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)+0.5 mg/Lα-萘乙酸(NAA),诱导率为62%,苗长势良好;最适增殖培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA,增殖倍数最高达3.90,苗健壮,长势良好,叶色浓绿;最佳壮苗培养基为MS+1.0mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.1 mg/L赤霉酸(GA3);最佳生根培养基为MS+0.1 mg/L吲哚丁酸(IBA),平均生根数达4.17。结论:获得了百合鳞片组织培养的最佳培养条件,为百合的资源保护和利用提供了参考依据。     

黄百合组织培养与快速繁殖(简报)

以黄百合鳞茎为外植体,在 MS 6-BA 3.0mg/L NAA 0.2mg/L培养基上诱导产生不定芽效果最好;MS 6-BA 2.0mg/L NAA 0.1mg/L 是黄百合增殖的最佳培养基;在 MS NAA 0.2mg/L 生根培养基中可正常发根,且根系粗壮。     

香叶天竺葵快速繁殖的研究

以柠檬香的皱波天竺葵 (Pelargoniucrispum)的叶片和茎段为外植体进行试管培养 ,结果叶片和茎段可诱导形成愈伤组织。经试验筛选结果为 :培养基MS BA 0 .75mg L NAA 0 .2 0mg L最适于愈伤组织的诱导 ,也适于不定芽分化和从生芽的分化增殖 ;培养基 1 2MS NAA 0 .3mg L IAA 0 .1mg L为根系诱导及生长的最佳配方 ,生根率达 1 0 0 %。     

中国野生葡萄组织培养研究

对中国野生山葡萄左山—1、左山—2、燕山葡萄燕山—1和秋葡萄平利—7的叶片、叶柄、茎段及单芽茎段进行了离体培养研究。诱导左山—1叶片分化出不定芽的培养基为MS BA 5．0mg／L NAA0．1mg／L,诱导率2．5％;诱导平利—7叶柄分化出不定芽的培养基为MS BA7．0mg／L NAA0．1mg／L,诱导率1．95％;诱导左山—1、燕山—1和平利—7茎段分化出不定芽的培养基与叶柄相同,但诱导率相对较高,分别为8．25％、4．88％和6．49％;应用这一培养基对平利—7、左山—2的单芽茎段进行培养,丛状不定芽的诱导率均为100％。不定芽继代培养基为MS BA0．5mg／L IBA0．2mg／L;生根培养基为1／2MS IBA0．1—0.2mg／L。     

香蕉草叶柄离体培养与快速繁殖(简报)

以香蕉草叶柄为外植体进行离体培养及快速繁殖条件研究。结果表明,叶柄外植体在培养基MS＋6-BA 2．0mg／L＋NAA 0．3mg／L＋蔗糖30g／L＋卡拉胶7g／L上诱导形成愈伤组织后,转入分化培养基MS＋KT 1．0mg/L＋NAA0．2mg/L可诱导不定芽分化;不定芽转入增殖培养基MS＋6-BA 1.0mg/L＋NAA 0．5mg／L可旺盛增殖,增殖系数4．5。不定根分化培养基为MS＋IBA 0．2mg／L＋NAA 0．05mg／L,生根苗在水族箱移栽成活率达98％。     

南欧丹参的组织培养与快速繁殖(简报)

以南欧丹参种子萌发的无菌苗茎段为材料,在MS＋6IBA1．5mg／L＋NAA0．5mg／L＋GA30．05mg/L培养基上进行不定芽诱导与增殖培养,30d继代一次,繁殖系数为4～6;壮苗与生根培养基为1／2MS＋NAA1．0mg/L＋1BA0．2mg／L。本试验建立了南欧丹参的种苗快速繁殖技术规程。     

激素对百合植株再生的影响

本研究设计了 1 5种不同配比的激素组合研究 2 ,4 -D和 6 -BA对百合鳞片叶器官发生和体细胞胚胎发生的影响。结果表明 :在 MS培养基上 ,BA可诱导外植体直接分化不定芽 ,其中 1 .0～ 2 .0 mg/L BA诱导不定芽的分化频率最高 ,6 .0 mg/L BA抑制不定芽分化 ;2 ,4 -D可诱导直接体细胞胚胎发生 ,其中 4 .0 mg/L2 ,4 -D诱导体细胞胚胎发生的频率最高 ,而 6 .0 mg/L 2 ,4 -D诱导体细胞胚胎发生的频率降低 ;当培养基中同时含有 BA和 2 ,4 -D时 ,既出现不定芽 ,又出现体细胞胚。当再生苗移入无激素的 MS培养基和含有 1 .0mg/L和 2 .0 mg/L IAA的 MS培养基上时 ,只有无激素的 MS培养基有利于根的形成。此外 ,鳞片叶的大小和外植体的接种方向也影响外植体分化     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.