人早期胎盘绒毛纤维连接蛋白的分离纯化及鉴定

人妊娠５－８周的胎盘绒毛经匀浆后,用２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ｕｒｅａ－ＰＢＳ提取,通过Ｈｅｐａｒｉｎ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ４Ｂ亲和柱层析,再经Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ＣＬ－６Ｂ凝胶过滤层析,得到人早期胎盘纤维连接蛋白（ｅａｒｌｙ ｐｌａｃｅｎｔａ ｆｉｂ－ｂｒｏｎｅｃｔｉｎ,ｅｐＦＮ）。经还原及非还原ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和免疫印迹电泳分析,ｅｐＦＮ分子量约５００ｋＤ,是由两个２５０ｋＤ亚基组成,与人足月胎盘纤维连接     

甲基单胞菌Methylomonas sp.GYJ3中甲烷单加氧酶羟基化酶组分…

从Ｍｅｔｈ ｙｌｏｍｏｎａｓ ｓｐ．ＧＹＪ３菌株中经ＤＮＥＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＣｌ－６Ｂ阴离子交换层析和ＳｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌＳ３００凝胶层析分离出纯化出甲烷加氧酶羟基酶组分,经ＨＰＬＣ分析,纯度大于９０％,分子量为２４０ｋＤ,纯化们数为３．９,比活为２２５ｎｍｏｌ环氧丙烷每分钟毫克蛋白,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ表明,羟基化酶由三个亚基组成,亚基分子量为５６、４３、２７ｋＤ．ＩＣＰＡＥＳ测定羟基化酶的Ｆｅ     

纤维连接蛋白或精-甘-天冬氨酸肽促进兔支气管上皮细胞NO合成

为验证细胞外基质成分纤维连接蛋白（ｆｉｂｒｏｎｅｃｔｉｎ,Ｆｎ）对气道上皮细胞具有调控作用,本文用硝酸还原酶法测定了原代培养的兔支气管上皮细胞（ｂｒｏｎｃｈｉａｌ ｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉａｌ ｃｅｌｌｓ,ＢＥＣ）的一氧化氮（ｎｉｔｒｉｃ ｏｘｉｄｅ,ＮＯ）释放,并测定了细胞内一氧化氮合酶（ｎｉｔｒｉｃ ｏｘｉｄｅ ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓａｓｅ,ＮＯＳ）活性,观察纤维连接蛋白、精－甘－天冬氨酸肽（Ａｒｇ－Ｇｌｙ－     

豆薯种子中两种蛋白质的分离纯化及其性质研究

豆薯（Ｐａｃｈｙｒｒｈｉｚｕｓｅｒｏｓｕｓ）种子经磷酸盐缓冲液抽提,Ｓ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＦａｓｔＦｌｏｗ柱,ＤＥ－５２纤维素柱和ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－７５柱层析,提取出两种高纯度的蛋白成分,命名为ＰａｃｈｙｒｉｎＩ和ＩＩ,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ测得其分子量分别为３３ｋＤ和１４．５ｋＤ,但ＨＰＬＣ分子筛的结果显示ＰａｃｈｙｒｉｎⅡ的分子量为２８ｋＤ,无论在还原条件下,还是在非还原条件下,ＰａｃｈｙｒｉｎＩ     

限制性核酸内切酶Bsp 63Ⅰ的纯化及性质研究

用Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｓｐｈａｅｒｉｃｕｓ６３菌为材料,经ＤＮＡ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ和ＣｉｂａｃｒｏｎＢｌｕｅＦ３ＧＡ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ两步亲和层析,将Ｂｓｐ６３Ⅰ纯化到均一程度。酶比活力达６１４００Ｕ／ｍｇ蛋白。用凝胶过滤法测得该酶分子量为１１３８００。该酶样品在ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ中呈现为一条蛋白带,并测得其亚基分子量为５６８００。用ＤＮＳ－Ｃｌ法测得该酶Ｎ－末端氨基酸为丙氨酸。上述结果表明该酶分子是由两个相同亚基组成。     

甲基单胞菌Methylomonas sp.GYJ3中甲烷单加氧酶还原酶组分的纯化和性质

Ｍｅｔｙｌｏｍｏｎａｓｓｐ．ＧＹＪ３菌的甲烷单加氧酶（ＭＭＯ）粗酶提取液经ＤＥＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＣＬ－６Ｂ阴离子交换层析、ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００凝胶过滤层析和ＤＥＡＥ－ＴＳＫｇｅｌＨＰＬＣ分离纯化出ＭＭＯ还原酶组分．经ＨＰＬＣ分析,纯度大于９５％,纯化倍数为４．４,加入至ＭＭＯ羟基化酶和调节蛋白Ｂ的体系中表现比活为２２８ｎｍｏｌ环氧丙烷每分钟毫克蛋白．ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳表明还原酶由一种亚基组成,分子量４２ｋＤ．ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定还原酶的Ｆｅ含量为１．８３ｍｏｌＦｅ每ｍｏｌ蛋白．ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ光谱表明还原酶除２８０ｎｍ蛋白质特征峰外在４６０ｎｍ有最大吸收峰,且Ａ２８０ｎｍ／Ａ４６０ｎｍ为２．５０,与其它黄素一铁硫蛋白相似,推测还原酶可能含一个ＦＡＤ辅基和Ｆｅ２Ｓ２中心．在厌氧条件下,还原酶能够和ＮＡＤＨ作用,ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ光谱分析表明还原酶４６０ｎｍ处特征吸收峰消失,说明在ＭＭＯ催化过程中还原酶接受ＮＡＤＨ的电子．ＤＥＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＣＬ－６Ｂ阴离子交换层析分离出调节蛋白Ｂ,部分纯化的调节蛋白Ｂ的分子量大约在２０ｋＤ,它能够提高ＭＭＯ比活性４０倍,ＭＭＯ还原酶和调节蛋白Ｂ单独存在时不具有ＭＭＯ     

神经营养因子GDNF编码顺序的克隆及表达产物的纯化

根据基因库中的顺序,设计了胶质细胞源神经营养因子（ＧＤＮＦ）基因的ＰＣＲ引物,以此从人基因组ＤＮＡ中扩增并克隆了ＧＤＮＦ的编码序列,经ＤＮＡ测序确认后,该片段克隆到表达质粒ｐＥＴ－３ａ中,转化大肠杆菌ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）．培养的重组菌经ＩＰＴＧ诱导,在Ｔ７启动子调控下表达出ｈＧＤＮＦ蛋白．经电泳分析表明ＧＤＮＦ主要存在于细菌包涵体中．从培养菌中制备包涵体,经充分洗涤,溶解于含８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ尿素的变性缓冲液中．经ＳＰ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ柱层析分离,梯度洗脱,以１５％ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检查含ＧＤＮＦ的部分．将含单体ＧＤＮＦ部分进行复性,再次用ＳＰ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ离子柱分离同源二体ＧＤＮＦ．最后经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ制备电泳纯化,纯度大于９５％．经Ｎ端测序表明序列正确．经测定,每升培养菌可得约１０ｍｇ纯化的ＧＤＮＦ．     

五步蛇毒中低分子量蛇毒类凝血酶的分离纯化

目的 寻找五步蛇毒新的蛇毒类凝血酶组份。方法 用ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ－Ｆａｓｔ Ｆｌｏｗ（－ＦＦ）,ｃｍ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ－ＦＦ纯化经常规化学提纯的五步蛇毒;以血凝活性和精氨酸酯酶活性（ＢＡＥＥ）检测酶活力;以ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳法测定分子量。结果 得到分子量为１４０００左右的电泳纯蛇毒类凝血酶组份。结论 五步蛇毒中含有低分子量蛇毒类凝血酶。     

尿激酶抗人交联纤维蛋白—D—二聚体单抗化学偶合体的制备

利用双功能试剂Ｎ－琥珀酰亚胺－３（２－二硫吡啶）丙酸酯（ＳＰＤＰ）作交联剂,合成了尿激酶（ＵＫ）－抗人交联纤维蛋白降解物Ｄ－二聚体单抗（ＭＡ－ＨＩＤ１）化学偶合体（ＵＫ．ＭＡ－ＨＩＤ１）并用苯甲脒－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ６Ｂ及人交联纤维蛋白降解物Ｄ－二聚体－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ亲和柱纯化,获得偶合体产物,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ呈现一条带,其分子量约为２０００００,纤维蛋白平板法测活结果显示,偶合体中酶比活     

L—山梨糖脱氢酶的纯化及性质的研究

从５Ｌ罐发酵Ｌ－山梨糖的Ｇｌｕｃｏｎｉｂａｃｔｅｒ ｏｘｙｄａｎｓ ＳＣＢ３２９和Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｔｈｕｒｉｎｇｉｅｎｓｉｓ ＳＣＢ９３３混合菌株中差速离心收集ＳＣＢ３２９菌体,破碎,离心获得无细胞抽提液,硫酸铵分级沉淀蛋白后依次经ＤＥＡＥ Ｃｅｌｌｕｌｏｓｅ ５２和Ｑ Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ＦＦ柱层析分得到了Ｌ－册梨糖脱氢酶（ＳＤＨ）,它能将Ｌ－册梨糖脱氢氧化为Ｌ－册梨酮,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳测     

Recombinant cryptic human fibronectinase cleaves actin and myosin: substrate specificity and possible role in muscular dystrophy

The N-terminal heparin/fibrin binding domain of human plasma fibronectin (pFN) contains a cryptic proteinase. The enzyme could be generated and activated in the presence of Ca2+ from the purified 70 kDa pFN fragment produced by cathepsin D digestion of pFN. In this work we cloned and expressed the serine proteinase, designated fibronectinase (Fnase), in E. coli. The recombinant pFN protein fragment was isolated from inclusion bodies, subjected to folding and autocatalytic degradation in the presence of Ca2+, and yielded an active enzyme capable of digesting fibronectin. Cleavage of pFN and the synthetic peptides Ac-I-E-G-K-pNA and Bz-I-E-G-R-pNA demonstrated identical specificity of the recombinant and the isolated fibronectinase. Further investigations of the substrate specificity revealed for the first time the muscle proteins actin and myosin as being substrates of fibronectinase. The enzyme can be inhibited by alpha1-proteinase inhibitor. In the context of induced cathepsin D release, e. g. from granulocytes under inflammatory conditions, these results indicate an increase in specific proteolytic potential against muscular proteins in dystrophic diseases by the release of cryptic fibronectinase.     

Modulation of fibronectin synthesis and fibronectin binding during transformation and differentiation of mouse AKR fibroblasts

In previous studies it was shown that transformation of AKR fibroblasts with 3-methylcholanthrene was associated with a loss of surface fibronectin and that induction of differentiation of the transformed cells with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was associated with reacquisition of surface fibronectin (Chakrabarty et al., J. Cell. Physiol. 133:415, 1987). It is shown in the present study that changes in surface fibronectin reflect altered fibronectin synthesis and altered fibronectin binding. Both the nontransformed cells (AKR-2B) and their transformed counterparts (AKR-MCA) bound 125I-fibronectin in a receptor-like fashion, but the AKR-MCA cells had only 20% of the receptors found on the AKR-2B cells. Whole cell extracts prepared from the AKR-2B cells and separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions were examined for 125I-fibronectin binding. Under these conditions, the majority of binding occurred to moieties with molecular weights of 180 kD, 150 kD, and 97 kD. Binding to similar moieties on the AKR-MCA cells was virtually absent but occurred rapidly after treatment with DMF. The appearance of these moieties paralleled the acquisition of 125I-fibronectin binding activity by whole cells. Antibodies to the fibronectin receptor isolated from human placenta reacted with the DMF-sensitive moieties in immunoblot assays. Both the appearance of the fibronectin binding moieties and the acquisition of 125I-fibronectin binding activity by whole cells occurred within 6 hr of DMF treatment and increased over the subsequent 4 day period. The time course of these events paralleled closely the time course for induction of fibronectin biosynthesis by DMF. These changes in fibronectin binding and fibronectin production were associated with alterations in cell-substrate adhesion. The AKR-2B cells rapidly attached and spread on bovine serum albumin-coated dishes and on fibronectin-coated dishes, whereas the AKR-MCA cells were less adhesive on both substrates. Capacity to attach and spread was regained concomitantly with the induction of fibronectin binding and fibronectin production. Adhesion on both substrates was partially inhibited by antibodies to the fibronectin receptor and by RGDS. These studies suggest that fibronectin production and fibronectin binding are coregulated in AKR fibroblasts and that they function together to bring about changes in cell-substrate adhesion.     

The biochemical identification of fibronectin in the sea urchin embryo

We report the biochemical identification of fibronectin in the basal lamina of the sea urchin embryo. A. punctulata gastrula stage embryos were solubilized in Triton X-100 and the insoluble basal laminae extracted by incubation in buffer containing 8M urea, 2% 2-mercaptoethanol and 2% SDS. Extracted proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE, electrophoretically transferred to nitrocellulose filters and probed with monospecific antibodies directed against human plasma fibronectin (pFN). Incubation in 125I-labelled secondary antibody revealed a single band which co-migrates with human pFN at an apparent molecular weight of 220,000. This is the first direct biochemical demonstration of a fibronectin-like molecule in the sea urchin embryo which cross reacts with antibodies to vertebrate fibronectin.     

Cryogelation in vitro

Cryogel is a physical gel formed by the heterophilic aggregation of extra domain A containing fibronectin (EDA(+)FN), plasma fibronectin (pFN), fibrinogen (Fbg) and heparin (Hep). Cryogelation is controlled by the interactions between each aggregate and the amount of aggregates. Therefore, the present study attempted to elucidate these properties by studying turbidity (tau). Although only Fbg formed a self-aggregate under low temperatures, from the temperature dependence of tau, the amount of aggregate in three-element (pFN/Fbg/Hep) solution surpassed that of the EDA(+)FN/Fbg/Hep system. The optimal condition for cryogelation was afforded by a solution with Fbg/EDA(+)FN/pFN/Hep expressed in the molar ratio of 12:0.04:0.79:1. This cryogel structure in solution was probably formed via structural changes induced by pFN in Fbg. The structural change in Fbg was examined by circular dichroism under optimal conditions. This concept was based on observations of the direct transmission scanning electron microscopy of a cryogel. The EDA(+)FN/pFN/Fbg/Hep aggregates displayed a network structure that manifested particulate crosslinkage. Cryogelation, a phenomenon related to induction of rheumatoid arthritis in humans, was facilitated by both the EDA(+)FN-Hep interaction and the structural changes of Fbg induced by pFN.     

Fibronectin-mediated binding and phagocytosis of polystyrene latex beads by baby hamster kidney cells

The binding and phagocytosis of fibronectin (pFN)-coated latex beads by baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells was studied as a function of fibronectin concentration and bead diameter. Cells were incubated with radioactive pFN-coated beads, and total bead binding (cell surface or ingested) was measured as total radioactivity associated with the cells. Of the bound beads, those that also were phagocytosed were distinguished by their insensitivity to release from the cells by trypsin treatment. In continuous incubations, binding of pFN-coated beads to cells occurred at 4 degrees C or 37 degrees C, but phagocytosis was observed only at 37 degrees C. In addition, degradation of 3H-pFN from ingested beads occurred at 37 degrees C, as shown by the release of trichloroacetic acid-soluble radioactivity into the incubation medium. When the fibronectin density on the beads was varied, binding at 4 degrees C and ingestion at 37 degrees C were found to have the same dose-response dependencies, which indicated that pFN densities that permitted bead binding were sufficient for phagocytosis to occur. The fibronectin density for maximal binding of ingestion was approximately 250 ng pFN/cm2. When various sized beads (0.085-1.091 micron), coated with similar densities of pFN, were incubated with cells at 4 degrees C, no variation in binding as a function of bead size was observed. Under these conditions, the absolute amount of pFN ranged from less than 100 molecules on the 0.085-micron beads to greater than 15,000 molecules on the 1.091-micron beads. Based upon these results it can be concluded that the critical parameter controlling fibronectin-mediated binding of latex beads by BHK cells is the spacing of the pFN molecules on the beads. Correspondingly, it can be suggested that the spacing between pFN receptors on the cell surface that is optimal for multivalent interactions to occur is approximately 18 nM. When phagocytosis of various sized beads was compared, it was found that the largest beads were phagocytosed slightly better (two fold) than the smallest beads. This occurred both in continuous incubations of cells with beads and when the beads were prebound to the cells. Finally, the kinetic constants for the binding of 0.085 microM pFN-coated beads to the cells were analyzed. There appeared to be approximately 62,000 binding sites and the KD was 4.03 X 10(-9) M. Assuming a bivalent interaction, it was calculated that BHK cells have approximately 120,000 pFN receptors/cell and the binding affinity between pFN and its receptor is approximately 6 X 10(-5) M.     

Identification of multiple cell adhesion receptors for collagen and fibronectin in human fibrosarcoma cells possessing unique alpha and common beta subunits

Using monoclonal antibody technology and affinity chromatography we have identified four distinct classes of cell surface receptors for native collagen on a cultured human fibrosarcoma cell line, HT-1080. Two classes of monoclonal antibodies prepared against HT-1080 cells inhibited adhesion to extracellular matrix components. Class I antibodies inhibited cell adhesion to collagen, fibronectin, and laminin. These antibodies immunoprecipitated two noncovalently linked proteins (subunits) with molecular masses of 147 and 125 kD, termed alpha and beta, respectively. Class II antibodies inhibited cell adhesion to native collagen only and not fibronectin or laminin. Class II antibodies immunoprecipitated a single cell surface protein containing two noncovalently linked subunits with molecular masses of 145 and 125 kD, termed alpha and beta, respectively. The two classes of antibodies did not cross-react with the same cell surface protein and recognized epitopes present on the alpha subunits. Pulse-chase labeling studies with [35S]methionine indicated that neither class I nor II antigen was a metabolic precursor of the other. Comparison of the alpha and beta subunits of the class I and II antigens by peptide mapping indicated that the beta subunits were identical while the alpha subunits were distinct. In affinity chromatography experiments HT-1080 cells were extracted with Triton X-100 or octylglucoside detergents and chromatographed on insoluble fibronectin or native type I or VI collagens. A single membrane protein with the biochemical characteristics of the class I antigen was isolated on fibronectin-Sepharose and could be immunoprecipitated with the class I monoclonal antibody. The class I antigen also specifically bound to type I and VI collagens, consistent with the observation that the class I antibodies inhibit cell adhesion to types VI and I collagen and fibronectin. The class II antigen, however, did not bind to collagen (or fibronectin) even though class II monoclonal antibodies completely inhibited adhesion of HT-1080 cells to types I and III-VI collagen. The class I beta and II beta subunits were structurally related to the beta subunit of the fibronectin receptor described by others. However, none of these receptors shared the same alpha subunits. Additional membrane glycoprotein(s) with molecular mass ranges of 80-90 and 35-45 kD, termed the class III and IV receptors, respectively, bound to types I and VI collagen but not to fibronectin. Monoclonal antibodies prepared against the class III receptor had no consistent effect on cell attachment or spreading, suggesting that it is not directly involved in adhesion to collagen-coated substrates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Collagen gel contraction by fibroblasts requires cellular fibronectin but not plasma fibronectin

Fibroblasts embedded in three-dimensional lattices of collagen fibrils have been known to require serum constituents to induce a cell-mediated contraction of collagen gels. The gel contraction was studied with human skin fibroblasts cultured in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS). Removal of bovine serum fibronectin (sFN) from FBS did not affect the extent of gel contraction. Gel contraction occurred in serum-free defined media. Therefore, it is concluded that sFN is not required for gel contraction. That cellular FN (cFN) synthesized and secreted by fibroblasts plays a crucial role in gel contraction was suggested by the following experiments: (1) We obtained monoclonal antibodies (mAb A3A5) against fibroblast surface antigens, which suppressed the fibroblast-mediated gel contraction. Immunoblot analyses showed that mAb A3A5 recognizes cFN secreted by human fibroblasts and human plasma FN (pFN), but not bovine sFN in FBS used for culture. (2) Addition of rabbit antisera, which recognize human cFN, to a serum-free gel culture inhibited contraction. Uninvolvement of human pFN in gel contraction was further confirmed by the fact that neither pretreatment of fibroblasts with excess amounts of human pFN nor the presence of excess amounts of human pFN in gels affected the extent of gel contraction. This study seems to be the first demonstration of functional difference between cFN and pFN (or sFN) and proposes a novel mode of binding of fibroblasts with collagen fibrils via cFN during cell-mediated collagen morphogenesis.     

Molecular interactions between fibronectin and integrins during mouse blastocyst outgrowth

To investigate the mechanism of trophoblast adhesion to fibronectin, we cultured blastocysts in serum-free medium on proteolytic fibronectin fragments containing its major functional domains, and localized fibronectin-binding integrins in outgrowing trophoblast cells by immunofluorescent staining. Outgrowth comparable to that obtained with intact fibronectin was observed using a 120 kD chymotryptic fragment containing the central cell-binding domain (FN-120) and the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) recognition sequence. A 40 kD COOH-terminal chymotryptic fragment of fibronectin containing both a heparin-binding region and an alternate (non-RGD) cell-binding site was inactive in supporting trophoblast adhesion. Three synthetic peptides derived from the heparin-binding domain, including the CS1 alternate cell-binding site, were also unable to promote trophoblast cell adhesion. A 75 kD recombinant protein, ProNectin F, containing 13 copies of the cell recognition epitope of fibronectin, Val-Thr-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ser, vigorously supported blastocyst outgrowth. Blastocyst outgrowth was not significantly different when surfaces were precoated with cellular fibronectin, which contains an alternatively spliced type III repeat and is the form actually encountered in vivo. Several putative fibronectin receptors were localized in trophoblast outgrowths by immunofluorescent labeling. Antibodies reactive with integrin subunits α3, α5, αllb, αv, β1 and β3, but not α4, all bound to trophoblast cells. Antibodies raised against either the β1 or β3 integrin subunits significantly inhibited fibronectin-mediated outgrowth. These findings demonstrate the key role of the central cell-binding domain of fibronectin in trophoblast adhesion, and suggest four RGD-binding integrins, α3β1, α5β1, αllbβ3, and αvβ3, that could mediate trophoblast adhesion in vitro and may play an important role during implantation. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase in bovine parotid gland: purification and characterization

Calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase (CaM-PPase) was isolated from bovine parotid gland by sequential application of DEAE-52, Affi-gel blue and calmodulin-affinity chromatography followed by gel filtration and high performance liquid chromatography. The enzyme was activated in the simultaneous presence of Ni2+ or Mn2+ and Ca2+ plus calmodulin. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent activation of CaM-PPase was antagonized by inhibitors of calmodulin action, such as W-7 and trifluoperazine. Tryptophan fluorescence was quenched in the presence of Ni2+. CaM-PPase was a heterodimer. The molecular weights of large subunits which bound calmodulin (CaM) were 68 kD and 58 kD - the 68 kD subunit was predominant. Polyclonal antibodies against bovine calcineurin cross-reacted with both types of larger subunits. Using polyclonal antibodies against bovine calcineurin or the monoclonal antibody against subunit B of bovine calcineurin, the smaller molecular weight subunit (19 kD) was found to be immunologically identical to subunit B of bovine calcineurin. In bovine parotid gland, CaM-PPase was found both in acinar and duct cells.     

Differential effects of cellular fibronectin and plasma fibronectin on ovarian cancer cell adhesion, migration, and invasion

Summary The main form of fibronectin (FN) encountered by tumor cells in vivo is cellular FN (cFN), which differs structurally and functionally from the commonly used plasma FN (pFN). We compared the effects of cFN and pFN on the ovarian carcinoma lines OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 and on cultures of normal ovarian surface epithelium, which is the precursor of the epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Ovarian surface epithelial cells and SKOV-3 cells attached and spread faster on cFN than on pFN. On cFN, SKOV-3 migration was enhanced compared with pFN or plastic. In a matrigel transfilter assay, cFN strongly inhibited SKOV-3 invasion, whereas pFN did not. In contrast to SKOV-3, OVCAR-3 cells adhered faster on FN than on plastic but did not discriminate between cFN and pFN, and they did not migrate or invade matrigel either with or without FN. In both carcinoma lines, proliferation was unaffected by either FN. The results show profound differences in the responses to cFN and pFN by two invasive ovarian carcinoma lines. Because cFN is the main type that cancer cells encounter in vivo, extrapolations from culture data to in vivo events should preferably be based on studies using this form of FN.