共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
《现代生物医学进展》2016,(34)
双孔钾通道是近年来发现的一种背景钾离子通道,广泛分布于各种组织细胞,参与维持细胞的静息膜电位。研究发现双孔钾通道可参与调节睡眠觉醒周期和痛觉传递,并与全身麻醉药产生的镇痛、镇静、抗焦虑作用有关。本文主要对双孔钾通道参与调节上述生理、病理过程的相关研究进展进行了综述。 相似文献
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Na+通道存在于胰腺胰岛β细胞上;相对其它可兴奋细胞上的Na+通道,有其特殊的生理特性和功能.研究发现β细胞上的Na+通道影响了β细胞的动作电位,并可能参与胰岛素的分泌调节.但是目前对于Na+通道在β细胞上的功能还存在着很大的争议.随着新的研究技术的发展,有必要为目前对β细胞Na+通道的研究进行综述,这对于进一步研究β细胞上Na+通道的功能具有重要的指导意义. 相似文献
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瞬时受体电位通道研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
瞬时受体电位通道(TRP channels)是位于细胞膜上的一类重要的阳离子通道超家族.根据氨基酸序列的同源性,将已发现的28种哺乳动物,TRP通道分为:TRPC、TRPV、TRPM、TRPA、TRPP和TRPML 6个亚家族.所有的TRP通道都具有6次跨膜结构域.不同的TRP通道对钙离子和钠离子选择性不同.TRP通道分布广泛,调节机制各异,通过感受细胞内外环境的各种刺激,参与痛温觉、机械感觉、味觉的发生和维持细胞内外环境的离子稳态等众多生命活动. 相似文献
5.
内皮细胞在心血管系统具有重要功能,除通过分泌内皮舒张因子--一氧化氮(NO)及收缩性物质内皮素等控制血管平滑肌张力外,并能调节血管通透性。近年来发现内皮细胞上的C1^-通道能调节细胞体积和细胞膜电位的稳定性。通过离子通道调控膜电位一机理,能较好理解血管内皮的功能,并可望由此开拓新型血管药物。本文综述了内皮细胞的C1^-通道的电生理特性、类别,并探讨该通道调控细胞体积,NO的分泌及调控细胞膜电位的可 相似文献
6.
T淋巴细胞上的离子通道 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
近年的研究证明,淋巴细胞上的离子通道,在免疫功能调节中具有重要的作用。T淋巴细胞上主要有三类离子通道,即Ca2 、K 和C1-通道。Ca2 通过T淋巴细胞膜上的Ca2 通道(CRAC)进入细胞内,可作为第二信使激活T淋巴细胞。通过K 通道的K 外流是T淋巴细胞膜电位形成的基础。由于膜电位水平可以影响钙离子的内流,因此,K 通道可以间接调节T淋巴细胞的活化和功能。T淋巴细胞上的Cl-通道是新近发现的一种离子通道,可能与细胞的体积调节有关。本文扼要总结了T淋巴细胞上离子通道的新近进展。 相似文献
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大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞钙激活氯通道电流的电生理检测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:研究大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞钙激活氯通道电流的电生理特性。方法:膜片钳全细胞和膜内向外记录模式检测大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞上钙激活氯通道全细胞电流和单通道电流。结果:大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞记录到稳定的钙激活氯通道电流(ICl(Ca));ICl(Ca)表现出典型的外向整流特性和电压时间依赖性激活。结论:大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞膜上存在电压、时间依赖性氯通道电流,钙激活氯通道通过促进肺动脉平滑肌细胞去极化而成为调节肺动脉特性的关键调节因子。 相似文献
9.
连接素37缺乏可致雌鼠不孕调节卵泡发育的信号及信号传导机制仍不清楚。新近的研究表明,由间隙连接通道承担的细胞间信号传导影响卵泡发育的诸方面。间隙连接是由连接素(connexins)组成的细胞间通道。已发现的连接素已达13种之多,主要介导相邻细胞间的连... 相似文献
10.
核糖体大亚基上的肽链输出通道起始于肽酰转移酶中心附近,横穿大亚基,主要由rRNA和少量蛋白质组成,是新生肽链离开大亚基的通道,近年研究发现这是通道的一个动态的结构,它不仅能够与新生肽链中的效应模体相互作用翻译效率,而且能够调节通过通道的多肽链的共翻译折叠,修饰,还可协助它们在细胞中定位。 相似文献
11.
Takumi Nakamura Natsumi Ohsawa-Yoshida Yimeng Zhao Michinori Koebis Kosuke Oana Hiroaki Mitsuhashi Shoichi Ishiura 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2016
Expression of chloride channel 1 (CLCN1/ClC-1) in skeletal muscle is driven by alternative splicing, a process regulated in part by RNA-binding protein families MBNL and CELF. Aberrant splicing of CLCN1 produces many mRNAs, which were translated into inactive proteins, resulting in myotonia in myotonic dystrophy (DM), a genetic disorder caused by the expansion of a CTG or CCTG repeat. This increase in abnormal splicing variants containing exons 6B, 7A or the insertion of a TAG stop codon just before exon 7 leads to a decrease in expression of the normal splice pattern. The majority of studies examining splicing in CLCN1 have been performed using mouse Clcn1, as have investigations into the activation and suppression of normal splicing variant expression by MBNL1-3 and CELF3–6, respectively. In contrast, examinations of human CLCN1 have been less common due to the greater complexity of splicing patterns. Here, we constructed a minigene containing CLCN1 exons 5–7 and established a novel assay system to quantify the expression of the normal splicing variant of CLCN1 using real-time RT-PCR. Antisense oligonucleotides could promote normal CLCN1 alternative splicing but the effective sequence was different from that of Clcn1. This result differs from previous reports using Clcn1, highlighting the effect of differences in splicing patterns between mice and humans. 相似文献
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The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the ABC transporter encoded by the cystic fibrosis gene, is localized in the apical membrane of epithelial cells where it functions as a cyclic AMP-regulated chloride channel and as a regulator of other ion channels and transporters. Whereas a key role of cAMP-dependent phosphorylation in CFTR-channel gating has been firmly established, more recent studies have provided clear evidence for the existence of a second level of cAMP regulation, i.e. the exocytotic recruitment of CFFR to the plasma membrane and its endocytotic retrieval. Regulated trafficking of the CFTR Cl- channel has sofar been demonstrated only in a subset of CFTR-expressing cell types. However, with the introduction of more sensitive methods to measure CFTR cycling and submembrane localization, it might turn out to be a more general phenomenon that could contribute importantly to both the regulation of CFTR-mediated chloride transport itself and to the regulation of other transporters and CFTR-modulated cellular functions. This review aims to summarize the present state of knowledge regarding polarized and regulated CFTR trafficking and endosomal recycling in epithelial cells, to discuss present gaps in our understanding of these processes at the cellular and molecular level, and to consider its possible implications for cystic fibrosis. 相似文献
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B C Tilly M Kansen P G van Gageldonk N van den Berghe H Galjaard J Bijman H R de Jonge 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1991,266(4):2036-2040
The localization of several GTP-binding regulatory proteins in teh apical membrane of intestinal epithelial cells has prompted us to investigate a possible role for G-proteins as modulators of apical Cl- channels. In membrane vesicles isolated from rat small intestine or human HT29-cl.19A colon carcinoma cells, the entrapment of guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiophosphate (GTP gamma S) led to a large increase in Cl- conductance, as evidenced by an increased 125I- uptake and faster SPQ quenching. The enhancement was observed in the presence, but not in the absence of the K+ ionophore valinomycin, indicating that the increased Cl- permeability is not secondary to the opening of K+ channels. The effect of GTP gamma S was counteracted by guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiophosphate (GDP beta S) and appeared to be independent of cytosolic messengers, including ATP, cAMP, and Ca2+, suggesting that protein phosphorylation and/or phospholipase C activation is not involved. Patch clamp analysis of apical membrane patches of HT29-cl.19A colonocytes revealed a GTP gamma S-activated, inwardly rectifying, anion-selective channel with a unitary conductance of 20 +/- 4 pS. No spontaneous channel openings were observed in the absence of GTP gamma S, while the open time probability (Po) increases dramatically to 0.81 +/- 0.09 upon addition with GTP gamma S. Since the electrophysiological characteristics and regulatory properties of this channel are markedly different from those of the more widely studied cAMP/protein kinase A-operated channel, we propose the existence of a separate Cl(-)-selective ion channel in the apical border of intestinal epithelial cells. Our results suggest an alternative regulatory pathway in transepithelial salt transport and a possible site for anomalous channel regulation as observed in cystic fibrosis patients. 相似文献
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CFTR型氯离子通道研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子(CFTR)是一种重要的氯离子通道,突变易引起囊性纤维化病变,故得名。一系列研究表明,CFTR由5个结构域组成:两个跨膜结构域形成氯离子通道;两个核苷酸结合结构域调节通道的开闭;一个调节结构域主要影响氯通道的活动。这些结构域通过协同作用共同控制了氯离子的跨膜流动,而一些突变可以影响细胞功能而导致囊性纤维化的发生。本文通过介绍CFTR基本结构、调节机制、与囊性纤维化病变的关系及针对CFTR的治疗而对CFTR型氯离子通道有一个的全面的理解。 相似文献
16.
Paul Linsdell 《Molecular membrane biology》2014,31(1):1-16
Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of membrane transport proteins. CFTR is unique among ABC proteins in that it functions not as an active transporter but as an ATP-gated Cl? channel. As an ion channel, the function of the CFTR transmembrane channel pore that mediates Cl? movement has been studied in great detail. On the other hand, only low resolution structural data is available on the transmembrane parts of the protein. The structure of the channel pore has, however, been modeled on the known structure of active transporter ABC proteins. Currently, significant barriers exist to building a unified view of CFTR pore structure and function. Reconciling functional data on the channel with indirect structural data based on other proteins with very different transport functions and substrates has proven problematic. This review summarizes current structural and functional models of the CFTR Cl? channel pore, including a comprehensive review of previous electrophysiological investigations of channel structure and function. In addition, functional data on the three-dimensional arrangement of pore-lining helices, as well as contemporary hypotheses concerning conformational changes in the pore that occur during channel opening and closing, are discussed. Important similarities and differences between different models of the pore highlight current gaps in our knowledge of CFTR structure and function. In order to fill these gaps, structural and functional models of the membrane-spanning pore need to become better integrated. 相似文献
17.
Non-specific activation of the epithelial sodium channel by the CFTR chloride channel 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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The genetic disease cystic fibrosis is caused by mutation of the gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Controversial studies reported regulation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by CFTR. We found that uptake of 22Na+ through ENaC is modulated by activation of CFTR in oocytes, coexpressing CFTR and ENaC, depending on extracellular chloride concentration. Furthermore we found that the effect of CFTR activation could be mimicked by other chloride channels. Voltage– and patch–clamp measurements, however, showed neither stimulation nor inhibition of ENaC-mediated conductance by activated CFTR. We conclude that the observed modulation of 22Na+ uptake by activated CFTR is due to the effect of CFTR-mediated chloride conductance on the membrane potential. These findings argue against the notion of a specific influence of CFTR on ENaC and emphasize the chloride channel function of CFTR. 相似文献
18.
A synthetic chloride channel restores chloride conductance in human cystic fibrosis epithelial cells
Mutations in the gene-encoding cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) cause defective transepithelial transport of chloride (Cl(-)) ions and fluid, thereby becoming responsible for the onset of cystic fibrosis (CF). One strategy to reduce the pathophysiology associated with CF is to increase Cl(-) transport through alternative pathways. In this paper, we demonstrate that a small synthetic molecule which forms Cl(-) channels to mediate Cl(-) transport across lipid bilayer membranes is capable of restoring Cl(-) permeability in human CF epithelial cells; as a result, it has the potential to become a lead compound for the treatment of human diseases associated with Cl(-) channel dysfunction. 相似文献
19.
Arthur L. Finn Marcia L. Gaido Margaret Dillard 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1992,114(1-2):21-26
We have used a monoclonal antibody (MAb E12), one of several such antibodies raised against theophylline-treated Necturus gallbladder epithelial cells, to isolate a chloride channel protein by the use of an immunoaffinity column and FPLC. This protein (Mr 219,000) has been reconstituted into a planar lipid bilayer, where it behaves as a chloride-selective channel (PCl/PNa = 20.2; PNa/PK = 1) whose unit conductance is 62.4 ± 4.6 pS. Antibody added to the trans side (there is no effect from the cis side) causes channel open probability to drop to virtually zero, but has no effect on the conductance or the selectivity of single channels. To test the role of phosphorylation in the activity of the native channel, we studied the effects of the protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid (OA) on intact gallbladders, and showed that channels opened by theophylline treatment and closed by antibody are reopened reversibly by OA (0.01–1.0 M). Addition of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP-2A) to the cis side of a bilayer containing reconstituted chloride channels caused closure of the channels after a delay, and subsequent addition of ATP and the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) caused immediate reopening. These data indicate that (a) this chloride channel protein inserts in a directed way into the bilayer such that the cis side is intracellular, (b) the purified channel protein is phosphorylated, and (c) gating from the cellular side is controlled by the direct phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the channel protein. 相似文献
20.
Schmieder S Lindenthal S Ehrenfeld J 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2001,286(3):635-640
A commercially available polyclonal antibody against a rClC-3/GST fusion protein was used in order to investigate the tissue distribution of the ClC-3 chloride channel protein. The antibody appeared to be specific to rClC-3 since no cross-reaction could be observed with rClC-4 or rClC-5 proteins when overexpressed in Xenopus oocytes. In mouse, mClC-3 was preferentially expressed in the central nervous system, intestine, and kidney. To a lower extent, mClC-3 protein was also detected in liver, lung, skeletal muscle, and heart. Surprisingly, the electrophoretic mobility of mClC-3 differed in the various tissues. After enzymatic digestion of N-linked oligosaccharide residues of membrane proteins from brain, intestine, and kidney, mClC-3 was found to migrate at its calculated molecular mass. This study provides important information regarding the specificity of the used antibody, indicates that ClC-3 is widely expressed in mouse, and that mClC-3 undergoes differential tissue-specific N-glycosylation. 相似文献