共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(10):1856-1860
A soil bacterium capable of growing on a polysaccharide containing β(1→6)galactofuranoside residues derived from the acidic polysaccharide of Fusarium sp. as a carbon source has been isolated. From various bacteriological characteristics, the organism was identified as a Bacillus sp. The bacterium produced β- galactofuranosidase inductively in the culture media. The most effective inducer for the β-galactofuranosidase production was a polysaccharide containing β(1→5) or β(1→6)-linked galactofuranoside residues, but gum arabic, gum guar, gum ghati, arabinogalactam, araban, and pectic acid did not induce the enzyme. The enzyme had three different molecular weight forms. The low molecular-weight form was purified by a combination of Toyopearl HW-55 and DEAE-Toyopearl 650S column chromatographies, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 67,000 by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme was most active at pH 6 and 37°C, and was stable between pH 4 to 8 at 5°C. The action of the enzyme was inhibited by the addition of Cd2+, Co2+, Hg2+, Zn2+, iodoacetic acid, and EDT A. The purified enzyme cleaved β(1→5) and β(1→6)-linked galactofuranosyl chains. Based upon the mode of liberation of galactofuranosyl residues from pyridylamino β(1→6)-linked galactofuranoside oligomers, the enzyme can be classified as an endo-β-galactofuranosidase that randomly hydrolyzes the linkage. 相似文献
2.
Structural studies on the specific capsular polysaccharide from Rhizobium trifolii, TA-1 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The repeating unit of the specific capsular polysaccharide from the bacterium Rhizobium trifolii (TA)-1 has been shown to contain (a) terminal 4,6-O-(1-carboxyethylidene)-D-galactose (1 residue), (b) (1 → 3)-linked 4,6-O-(1-carboxyethylidene)-D-glucose (1 residue), (c) (1 → 4)-(1 → 6)-linked D-glucose (1 residue), (d) (1 → 4)-linked D-glucuronic acid (1 residue), and (e) (1 → 4)-linked D-glucose (4 residues). The pyruvylated sugars were shown to be positioned sequentially, and at least one other unit was interposed between them and the branch point. 相似文献
3.
The structure of the antitumor polysaccharide from the actinomycete Microellobosporia grisea has been investigated. By methylation and periodate-oxidation studies, the polysaccharide was shown to consist of (nonreducing)d-mannosyl groups, (1→4)-linkedd-glucosyl residues, and 3,6-branched, (1→4)-linkedd-glucosyl residues in the approximate molar ratios of 2:1:1. Periodate oxidation of the polysaccharide, followed by borohydride reduction and mild hydrolysis with acid yielded glycerol, erythritol, 2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-d-erythritol, and 5-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-2,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxane, which were isolated in the molar ratios of 2.0:0.14:0.74:0.35. Partial hydrolysis of the polysaccharide gave α-d-Man p-(1→6)-d-Glcp, β-d-Glcp-(1→4)-d-Glcp, α-d-Man p-(1→3)-d-Glcp, and β-d-Glcp-(1→4)-[α-d-Man p-(1→3)-]-d-Glcp. From these results, it is proposed that the polysaccharide is mainly composed of tetrasaccharide repeating-units having the following structure. 相似文献
4.
Komandrova NA Kokoulin MS Isakov VV Tomshich SV Romanenko LA 《Carbohydrate research》2012,347(1):178-181
The O-specific polysaccharide was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of a marine bacterium Oceanisphaeralitoralis KMM 3654(T) and studied by chemical methods along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The following new structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of O. litoralis containing D-glucose and two residues of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-mannuronic acid was established: →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-β-D-ManpNAcA-(1→4)-β-D-ManpNAcA-(1→. 相似文献
5.
Bengt Lindberg Bengt Lindqvist Jörgen Lönngren David A. Powell 《Carbohydrate research》1980,78(1):111-117
The capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae type 1 is composed of D-galactopyranosyluronic acid residues and 2-acetamido-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-galactopyranosyl residues. The latter sugar, previously unknown in Nature, was not isolated but was identified from the products obtained on deamination of the polymer. Using n.m.r. spectroscopy, methylation analysis, and Smith degradation as the principal methods of structural investigation, it is concluded that the polysaccharide is composed of trisaccharide repeating-units having the structure: →3)-α-Sugp-(1→)-α-D-GalpA-(1→3)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, in which Sug denotes the new sugar. 相似文献
6.
Methylation analysis of and partial hydrolysis studies on the Klebsiella K7 capsular polysaccharide and its carboxyl-reduced derivative indicated the recurrence of D-glucopyranuronic acid, D-mannopyranose, and D-glucopyranose residues, linearly linked in a specific manner, in the molecular structure. D-Galactopyranose and pyruvic acid residues are linked to the main chain on the D-mannose residues (at O-3) and the D-glucose residues (at O-4 and O-6), respectively; the simplest interpretation of this evidence is that nine sugar residues and pyruvic acid constitute a repeating unit. The sequence →3)-β-D-GlcAp-(1→2)-α-D-Manp-(1→2)-α-D-Manp-(1→3)-D-Glcp→ was demonstrated by the isolation from the polysaccharide of an aldotetraouronic acid of this structure. 相似文献
7.
Liselotte Langhammer Marc Horisberger Ian Horman Andreas Strahm 《Phytochemistry》1977,16(10):1575-1577
Gum-tears from the leaves of Welwitschia mirabilis contain a polysaccharide composed of arabinose, galactose and glucuronic acid as main constituents with xylose, fucose and rhamnose in smaller quantities. Periodate oxidation and permethylation studies indicated that the gum could consist of a framework of glucuronic acid residues linked 1 → 4 and galactose residues linked 1 → 6 and of short chains of arabinose, xylose, fucose and rhamnose linked 1 → 3 to both residues. All rhamnose and fucose and part of arabinose were found as non-reducing terminal units. 相似文献
8.
A sulphated heteropolysaccharide (~15% of the acid-extractable material) isolated from the brown alga Dictyota dichotoma contains residues of D-glucuronic acid, D-galactose, D-mannose, D-xylose, and L-fucose1. Partial hydrolysis of the polysaccharide with acid gave one neutral and two acidic oligosaccharides. The behaviour towards periodate of the polysaccharide before and after partial hydrolysis, alkali-treatment, and methanolysis has been studied. Evidence is thereby provided that the polysaccharide is partially sulphated and composed of (1→4)-linked residues of D-glucuronic acid, D-galactose, D-mannose, and D-xylose, and (1→2)-linked L-fucose. 相似文献
9.
The extracellular, acidic heteropolysaccharide from Xanthomonas S19 consists of D-glucuronic acid, D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-mannose residues in the approximate molar ratios of 1.6:3:1:1, plus acetyl groups liked to C-2 and/or C-3 of a large proportion of the glucose residues. Methylation studies showed that the glucose is present as non-reducing end-group also as 1,2- and 1,4-linked units, the galactose residues are solely 1,3-linked, a major proportion of the mannose residues are 1,2,4-linked and the rest 1,2-linked. A high proportion of the glucuronic acid units are 1,4-linked. Periodate oxidation confirmed the presence of these linkages. The disaccharides D-Glc-(1→4)-D-Glc,D-Glc-(1→2)-D-Man, D-Glc-(1→3)-D-Gal, D-Gal-(1→2)-D-Glc, D-GlcA-(1→4)-D-GlcA, and β-D-GlcA-(1→4)-D-Man were isolated from a partial hydrolysate of the polysaccharide, and characterised. The similarities and differences between this polysaccharide and those from other Xanthomonas species are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Maria E. Silva Carl P. Dietrich Helena B. Nader 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1976,437(1):129-141
The analyses of the products formed from heparitin sulfates by the action of two heparitinases and a heparinase from Flavobacterium heparinum is reported. Heparitin sulfates A and B are degraded by heparitinase I yielding two disaccharides, one of them composed of N-acetylglucosamine and an unsaturated uronic, joined by α(1 → 4) linkage, and the other, with the same composition but with an O-sulfate at the hexosamine moiety. A third disaccharide is also formed from heparitin sulfate B, by the action of the same enzyme, composed of glucosamine N-sulfate and an unsaturated uronic acid joined probably by α(1 → 4) linkage. Besides these three disaccharides, heparitin sulfate B yields, by the action of heparitinase I, an oligosaccharide (with an average molecular weight of 6000) which is completely degraded by the heparitinase II yielding a disaccharide composed of glucosamine 2,6-disulfate and unsaturated uronic acid. All the disaccharides are further degraded by α-glycuronidase from Flavobacterium heparinum yielding the respective monosaccharides. Based on these and other analyses the possible structures of the heparitin sulfates are proposed. 相似文献
11.
The polysaccharide of the mucin secreted by the leaves of Drosera capensis is composed of l-arabinose, d-xylose, d-galactose, d-mannose, and d-glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 3.6:1.0:4.9:8.4:8.2. For structural elucidation, methylation analysis using g.l.c. and g.l.c.-m.s. was performed on the native, the carboxyl-reduced, and the degraded polysaccharides. Partial hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, chromium trioxide oxidation, and uronic acid degradation were also performed on the native and carboxyl-reduced polysaccharides. Partial hydrolysis of the native and carboxyl-reduced polysaccharides gave various oligosaccharides that were characterized and suggest a structure containing a d-glucurono-d-mannan backbone having a repeating unit → 4)-β-d-GlcpA-(1 → 2)-α-d-Manp-(1 →. l-Arabinose and d-xylose are present as nonreducing furanosyl and pyranosyl end-groups, respectively, both attached to O-3 of d-glucuronic acid residues of the backbone. d-Galactose is present as non-reducing pyranosyl end-group linked to O-3 of d-mannose residues. 相似文献
12.
《Carbohydrate research》1987,166(2):263-269
An arabinoxylan isolated from the bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum was composed of l-arabinose and d-xylose in the molar ratio 1.6:1.0. Partial hydrolysis furnished oligosaccharides which were characterised as α-d-Xylp-(1→3)-d-Ara, β-dXylp-(1→4)-d-Xyl, β-d-Xylp-(1→4)-β-d-Xylp-(1→4)-d-Xyl, β-d-Xylp-(1→4)-β-d-Xylp-(1→4)-β-d-Xylp-Xylp-(1→4)-d-Xyl, xylopentaose, and xylohexaose. Mild acid hydrolysis of the arabinoxylan gave a degraded polysaccharide consisting of l-arabinose (8%) and d-xyolse (92%). Methylation analysis indicated the degraded polysaccharide to be a linear (1→4)-linked d-xlan in which some xylopyranosyl residues were substituted at O-2 or O-3 with l-arabinofuranosyl groups. These data together with the results of methylation analysis and periodate oxidation of the arabinoxylan suggested that it contained a (1→4)-linked β-d-xylan backbone in which each xylopyranosyl residue was substituted both at O-2 and O-3 with l-arabinofuranosyl, 3-O-α-d-xylopyranosyl-l-arabinofuranosyl, and 3-O-l-arabinofuranosyl-l-arabinofuranosyl groups. 相似文献
13.
The acidic polysaccharide of Serratia piscatorum consists of L-rhamnopyranosyl, D-galactopyranosyl, and D-galactopyranosyluronic acid residues in the molar ratio of 2:1:1. Some of the D-galactopyranosyluronic acid residues are acetylated at O-2 or O-3, or both. Smith degradation and methylation analysis indicated that the L-rhamnopyranosyl, D-galactopyranosyl, and D-galactopyranosyluronic acid residues are substituted with glycosidic linkages at O-3, O-3, and O-4, respectively. Partial acid hydrolysis of the native polysaccharide gave four acidic oligosaccharides, each of which was isolated and characterized, suggesting the following tetrasaccharide repeating unit: →3)-L-Rhap-(1→4)-D-GalAp-(1→3)-L-Rhap-(1→3)-D-Galp-(1→. 相似文献
14.
Takeda M Nakamori T Hatta M Yamada H Koizumi J 《International journal of biological macromolecules》2003,33(4-5):245-250
A polysaccharide was isolated from the sheath of a sheathed bacterium, Sphaerotilus natans. The sheath polysaccharide (SPS) was composed of D-glucose and D-(N-acetyl)galactosamine in molar ratios of 1:4. Methylation linkage analysis revealed the presence of the residues of 4-linked glucose, 4-linked (N-acetyl)galactosamine, and 3-linked (N-acetyl)galactosamine in molar ratios of 1:3:1. The oligomer of SPS was prepared with an SPS-specific degrading enzyme from a sheath-degrading bacterium, Paenibacillus koleovorans. The oligomer was derivatized and subjected to fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry to investigate the monosaccharide sequence of SPS. The structure of SPS was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The resulting data showed that SPS is a straight-chained basic polysaccharide constructed of a pentasaccharide repeating unit. 相似文献
15.
The structure of lentinan, an anti-tumor polysaccharide from Lentinus edodes, has been further investigated. Periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation analysis, and bioassay were the principal methods used. These studies showed that a branched molecule having a backbone of (1→3)-β-d-glucan and side chains of both β-d-(1→3)- and β-d-(1→6)-linked d-glucose residues, together with a few internal β-d-(1→6)-linkages, is present. 相似文献
16.
An acid-extractable, water-soluble, polysaccharide sulphate, isolated from Padina pavonia, comprised variable proportions of glucuronic acid, galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, and fucose in addition to a protein moiety. Partial acid hydrolysis and autohydrolysis of the free acid polysaccharide yielded several oligosaccharides. Evidence from periodate oxidation studies indicated that the inner polysaccharide portion is composed of (1 → 4)-linked β-D-glucuronic acid, (1 → 4)-linked β-D-mannose and (1 → 4)-linked β-D-glucose residues. The heteropolymeric partially sulphated exterior portion is attached to the inner part and comprises various ratios of (1 → 4)-linked β-D-galactose, β-D-galactose-3-sulphate residues, (1 → 4)-linked β-D-glucose residues, (1 → 2)-linked α-L-fucose 4-sulphate residues and (1 → 3)-linked β-D-xylose residues. 相似文献
17.
When the galactan from the albumen glands of the snail Strophocheilus oblongus was submitted to three Smith-degradations, the degraded polysaccharide, isolated in 6% yield, was much more linear. Methylation analysis showed that the Smith-degraded polysaccharide gave an increased percentage of 2,4,6-tri-, decreased percentages of 2,3,4,6-tetra- and 2,4-di-, and a large variation in the amount of 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-d-galactose. The sugars in the polysaccharide which result in the formation of 2,3,4,6-tetra- and 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-d-galactose are destroyed in subsequent degradation procedures. The above observations suggest that the degradation by periodate oxidation proceeds via non-reducing end-groups and through some internal residues that are exposed as the degradation proceeds. As a result of the overall process, new non-reducing end-groups are formed and new (1 → 6)-linked d-galactose residues are then exposed. The isolation of glycosides of low molecular weight supports the suggestion that the molecule, in the main, is sequentially degraded from the external layers. 相似文献
18.
Haralambos Parolis 《Carbohydrate research》1978,62(2):313-320
The sulphated polysaccharide of Pachymenia carnosa and its desulphated derivative have been studied by methylation analysis. Depolymerization during the desulphation process has been shown to occur mainly through the cleavage of (1→3) linkages. The methylation results indicate that the ratio of (1→4) to (1→3) linkages in the native polysaccharide is 1:2.26. The sulphate groups occur on positions 2, 4, and 2,6 of (1→3)-linked galactose residues. Methylations carried out in methyl sulphoxide with the Purdie reagents lead to extensive desulphation; 2-sulphate units appear to be more susceptible to desulphation than 4- or 6-sulphate units. Desulphation does not occur during methylation by the Hakomori method. 相似文献
19.
The purified, specific polysaccharide from Vibrio cholera type NAG, NV 384, O-antigen, 2A, 2Bhuman, contains glucose (5.14%), galactose (4.21%), mannose (64.8%), xylose (3.16%), arabinose (1.98%), fucose (1.50%), mannuronic acid (14.3%), phosphate (0.32%), 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2.9%), and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactose (1.0%). Various reactions have shown that the material comprises a phosphoric diester-linked polysaccharide containing mainly (1→2)-linked mannopyranose residues that are highly branched with other sugar residues. 相似文献
20.
The extracellular, water-soluble polysaccharide elaborated by Streptococcus mutans GS-5 contains (1→6)- and (1→3,6)-linked α-d-glucopyranosyl residues. Its average repeating-unit contains 6 d-glucosyl residues and it is comb-like in structure. The majority of branches consist of only a few d-glucosyl residues, if not one d-glucosyl group. 相似文献