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茴香薄翅野螟发生与防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
茴香薄翅野螟EvergestisextimalisScopoli又名茴香螟、油菜螟,属鳞翅目、螟蛾科。它是最近几年来在我省密山地区为害十字花科蔬菜、油菜、茴香等植物越来越重的害虫之一,以幼虫钻蛀植株的角果食籽粒。随着春油菜种植面积的扩大,该虫的发生日趋严重,一般食荚率10%~20%,严重者在90%以上。我们于1989~1992年对该虫生物学特性及其防治方法进行了研究,现将结果介绍如下。豆生活史及习性室内饲养及田间调查表明,首香螟在密山地区1年发生2代,以老熟幼虫在土中结茧越冬。第2年5月下旬越冬幼虫开始化蛹,6月初始见成虫,6月上旬成虫羽… 相似文献
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款冬螟生物学特性观察 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
款冬螟Ostrintazealisvarialis(Bremer)是危害苍耳的主要害虫,幼虫蛀食叶脉、叶柄和秸秆。有关款冬螟的生物学特性,未见报道。199o年开始作者对该虫的生物学特性进行了观察。1形态特性成虫:雌蛾体长13mm,淡褐色,触角丝状,前翅三角形,翅长12mm,展翅29nun,赤黄色,有光泽;后翅淡黄色,腹部肥大,末端密生绒毛。雄蛾体长匕nun,淡黄色,触角丝状,前翅长13nun,展翅3OInm,翅面金黄色,亚前缘脉间褐色,翅基线褐色,中室有一肾状斑和一环状纹。后翅三角形,褐黄色,翅面有褐色点,外线线与亚外缘线锯齿状弯曲,腹部瘦尖。卵:块… 相似文献
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苍耳杆野螟生物学特性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
苍耳杆野螟是寄生在苍耳上的1种重要药用昆虫。在湖南(常德)每年发生4代,以老熟幼虫(五龄)在苍耳茎杆蛀道内越冬。室内自然变温下(22.2~25.0℃)饲养,卵期为4.8天,幼虫期为23.6天,蛹期为见11.8天,成虫期为6.1天。每雌可产卵124~585粒,块产。一、二龄幼虫食叶,三龄后蛀茎。 相似文献
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竹金黄镰翅野螟生物学特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用室内饲养和林间调查相结合的办法,研究了竹子重要食叶害虫竹金黄镰翅野螟Circobotys aurealis的生物学特性。该虫在浙江省每年发生1代,以预蛹越冬,翌年4月中旬到6月上旬化蛹,4月底至7月上旬出现成虫,5月上旬开始产卵,幼虫29~38 d后老熟,越冬期长达6~7个月。本文详细报道了各龄幼虫的体长、头宽和取食竹叶量,以及成虫夜间活动及扑灯时间,分析了该虫近年来危害趋重的原因,提出了捡拾当年新竹的笋箨和黑光灯诱杀成虫等防治方法。 相似文献
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长薄鳅生物学特性的初步观察 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
长薄鳅生物学特性的初步观察赵云芳四川省农业科学院水产研究所郫县611731长薄鳅(Leptobotiaelongata)主要分布在长江流域,尤以长江上游的四川产量为大。由于其体色鲜艳,头和体表具有不规则深褐色斑纹,因而是一种很有观赏价值的鱼类。但迄今... 相似文献
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Ascoviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses which cause fatal disease in lepidopteran host larvae. They induce a unique pathology, causing cleavage of host cells into virion-containing vesicles. With the single exception of Diadromus pulchellus ascovirus, all ascoviruses have been exclusively reported from the Noctuidae. To investigate whether Heliothis virescens AV (HvAV-3e) has a broader host range at the family level, larvae of Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a major pest of brassica crops in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the Old World and Australasia, were inoculated with HvAV-3e. Larvae were readily infected by the ascovirus and feeding, growth and survival were significantly affected. However, the milky white discolouration of the haemolymph which is characteristic of ascovirus infection in noctuid hosts was not apparent. In further contrast to infected noctuid host larvae that do not develop to the pupal stage, a significant proportion of infected C. pavonana larvae pupated but all were killed at this stage. Thus, C. pavonana appears to be a semi-permissive host of the ascovirus, the presence of such hosts in the field might be an explanation for the conundrum for the ascovirus-noctuid-wasp relationship, helping explain the persistence of the ascovirus. 相似文献
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The major constraint to the production of good quality cabbage in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is posed by a complex of insect pests which includes the Diamondback Moth Plutella xylostella (L.) as the most prominent species. In order to evaluate the prospects of a classical control approach economically important major pests and their natural enemies were surveyed in three cabbage growing areas with distinct climatic regimes at low-, mid- and high-elevation. In the PNG highlands (Goroka and Tambul area, Western Highlands Province) the release and successful establishment of the P. xylostella -specific parasitoid Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen) reduced crop losses remarkably since 1995. Favourable circumstances, such as continuous brassica cultivation and low status of associated lepidopteran pests, particularly at Tambul (2400 m above sea level) with an almost temperate climate, were supportive for this approach. In the arid PNG lowlands (Laloki area, Central Province) the introduced P.xylostella -parasitoid Cotesia plutellae (Kurdjumov) exerted 80% parasitism in an experimental site, although a lasting establishment was not achieved in that location. Among several indigenous P. xylostella parasitoids Brachymeria phya (Walker) was a ubiquitous species but did not reduce the pest status of its host. Natural enemies of associated lepidoptera such as Crocidolomia pavonana (Zeller), Spodoptera litura (F.), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and Hellula undalis (F.) were economically insignificant. Thus, insecticidal control, preferably selective, was still a requirement. In comparison to Bacillus thuringiensis -products (Delfin ® and Thuricide ® ) and the synthetic insect growth regulator Chlorfluazuron (Atabron ® ), best results were achieved in field trials with the commercial neem formulation NeemAzal ® ( Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) and an aqueous neem seed kernel extract from seeds of PNG grown trees. Besides its high efficacy against lepidopterous pests, neem also controlled the false mustard aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.), being of economic importance in the arid PNG lowlands. The prospects of integrating C. plutellae into a reduced insecticide spraying program as well as alternative cultural control measures are discussed. 相似文献
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Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a major pest of Brassica crops in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa, Asia and the Pacific. There are no previous reports of effective natural enemies of the pest across this range but in Samoa an arrhenotokous population of the generalist egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) frequently attacks it. This is the first record of T. chilonis in Samoa. A three-year field recruitment study showed that although C. pavonana eggs occurred at all times of the year, their abundance was greatest during drier periods. Parasitism of C. pavonana egg masses by T. chilonis was variable (0–87% of egg masses attacked) but the parasitoid was recovered from eggs collected at all times of the year and it is well established in the major Brassica growing regions of the island of Upolu. When partial lifetables were constructed for C. pavonana, the rate of egg disappearance (likely due to predation and the physical effects of rainfall) ranged from 0 to 0.839 and the marginal rate of mortality due to T. chilonis ranged from 0 to 0.474. When it was present, T. chilonis was the major mortality factor affecting C. pavonana eggs in all but one of the recruitment studies. The historical problems surrounding the identity and species status of T. chilonis are discussed and its host range and distribution in the Asia-Pacific region is reviewed briefly. Finally, the potential of this population of T. chilonis for development as a biological control agent of C. pavonana is considered. 相似文献
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金绿宽盾蝽Poecilocoris lewisi Distant在北京1年1代,以5龄若虫在侧柏(Platycladus orientalis Franco)附近的落叶和石块下越冬,翌年4月上中旬陆续从越冬处爬出,取食侧柏嫩叶。5月中旬5龄若虫开始羽化,6月初为羽化高峰期,6月中下旬羽化期结束,5月到8月为成虫期,7月底到8月中旬交配产卵,8、9月份若虫由1龄发育至5龄,9月中下旬为5龄若虫高峰期,11月5龄若虫开始转移越冬。 相似文献
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Hiroaki Takeuchi Myron P. Zalucki & Michael J. Furlong 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2009,133(2):154-164
Experiments were conducted to determine feeding site preferences of Crocidolomia pavonana (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) larvae within cabbage plants, Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata cv. Warrior (Brassicaceae), and to determine whether induced plant responses to herbivory affect the behavior of larvae. In the first experiment, intra-plant damage and larval distribution were recorded to account for the spreading pattern of damage and larval feeding behavior on a plant; larvae initially fed on the base of leaves and moved progressively to the bud, leaf tips were avoided. In the second experiment, larval performance (the duration of the first instar, survival to the second instar, and weight of second instars) was assessed when larvae fed on the bud, the base, and the tip of the youngest fully expanded leaf on a plant. Crocidolomia pavonana larvae performed best when they fed on bud leaf tissue and most poorly when they fed on leaf tissue at the base of leaves. In the third experiment, expression of induced resistance was tested on each of the three plant parts using a first-instar bioassay. Negative impacts on larval growth and development were not detected when larvae fed on the bud or base tissue when plants were damaged prior to the assay. However, negative effects were detected in larvae feeding on tip leaf tissue when the base of the leaf was damaged prior to the assay or if the bud tissue was damaged simultaneously with the assay. The findings indicate that resource heterogeneity for C. pavonana within-cabbage plants is determined by both the initial quality of food at a location and by subsequent induced changes as a result of larval feeding; both contribute to the feeding pattern observed in these gregarious larvae. 相似文献