金丝猴(RHINOPITHECUS)肌肉系统某些特征的比较研究

本文对金丝猴与其他灵长类之间和三种金丝猴之间特征不同的56条肌作了比较研究。结果表明:三种金丝猴的肌肉系统存在一些差异。纠正了Patterson(1942)对一例川金丝猴的一些错误观察记录。在金丝猴属的肌学方面除与猴超科共有的大部分特征外,还具有与类人猿和人相似的特征。在猴类中,金丝猴的肌肉系统更多地与叶猴相似,其中一些特征较叶猴更为进化。从进化观点看,金丝猴的肌学特征似介于叶猴与类人猿之间,故它们比其他猴超科动物更为进化。     

昆虫重叠型复眼的光学综合成象特性

本文计算了复眼锥形晶体柱端面凸球对输入数值孔径的作用,讨论了昆虫重叠型复眼的非相干综合成象特性.     

苯肼对红细胞在体衰老过程中微观流变特性的影响

在Brunara等人用苯肼使动物造成急性溶血性贫血的方法基础上,建立一种由急性溶血性贫血后,而诱发家兔幼红细胞增多的非正常生理状态的红细胞在体衰老模型,继而研究新生红细胞从产生到死亡死亡过程,即衰老过程的流变学特性的变化规律。通过对新生红细胞的压积、变形、取向及与之相应的全血的粘度、血沉等指标的连续60多天的监测,发现红细胞在衰老过程中的微观流变学特性确实有明显改变。红细胞在体衰老过程中微观流变特性逐渐变差。     

A REAPPRAISAL OF THE USE OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING TO INVESTIGATE THE SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF SWEETENERS

Previous investigations of the sensory characteristics of sweeteners using a multidimensional scaling (MDS) approach, have involved sweeteners which were not matched for sweetness. Under such circumstances, part of the estimated distance between sweeteners is attributable to sweetness differences. This detracts from the value of the consequent MDS space, when the main objective is usually to investigate sensory characteristics other than sweetness. In this study, the MDS approach was applied to sweetener solutions which were matched for sweetness with 5% sucrose. The direction of any residual sweetness differences was identified by including 1,3,5 and 7% sucrose solutions, all matched to equal viscosity, in the study. From the resulting three dimensional MDS sweetener space, it was evident that Dimension 1 was almost exclusively due to sweetness differences whereas Dimensions 2 and 3 were devoid of influence from sweetness and hence represent the sweeteners with respect to their other sensory characteristics.     

藻类光合作用PSI色素蛋白复合物结构及长波荧光特性

综述了藻类光合作用ＰＳＩ色素蛋白复合物结构及长波荧光特性的研究进展,并同高等植物进行了比较。藻类ＰＳＩ结构和长波荧光的多样性同高等植物ＰＳＩ的同一性形成鲜明对比。认为藻类ＰＳＩ的这种多样性可能具有门类特征。对藻类和高等植物的ＰＳＩ进行比较研究,将有助于了解ＰＳＩ的结构、功能和进化。     

红树植物木榄种群高度结构的分形特征

 采用计测等值线分形维数的方法,探讨山口国家级红树林自然保护区内的木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)种群高度结构的特征。结果表明,木榄种群的高度结构具有分形的特征,其计盒维数介于1.61～1.90之间,信息维数介于1.63～1.84之间,分形维数的高低主要与幼树个体的数量、个体的集聚程度和高度层次结构的复杂程度等密切相关。计盒维数定量描述种群占据垂直空间的能力和程度,而信息维数揭示种群高度层次细节的尺度变化强度和个体高度分布的非均匀性程度。分析表明,等值线法能够有效地表征木榄种群高度结构的分     

ELEVENTH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF THE LIMNOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF SOURTHERN AFRICA

SUMMARY

The classification of highveld pans by Geldenhuys (1982) emphasized the spatial diversity of morphology, vegetation and fauna. However, since the characteristics of individual pans also change seasonally and over longer term wet/dry cycles, he called for more detailed limnological studies to improve predictive and management potential. Marked changes occurred in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of Rolfes pan in response to winter drawdown following dry (1983) and wet (1986) summers. The constancy of physical and chemical conditions during 1986 contrasted with rapid changes in temperature, turbidity, conductivity and salinity as benthic plants disappeared in 1983. The abundance of emergent vegetation provided breeding sites for certain wetland birds in 1986 but shallow water and submerged plants attracted wading birds in 1983. Changes within and between years highlighted the importance of three distinctive limnological characteristics of pans; large surface area to volume ratio, large littoral zone to open water ratio and an endorheic hydrological regime. Conservation of pans, beginning with inventory and classification, must focus on describing systems on the basis of these three characteristics, recognizing that activities in the catchment act through them to alter ecosystem properties.     

庞泉沟保护区核心区植被景观类型特征研究

利用植被景观类型图,获得面积、周长、景观斑块的长、宽等信息,对庞泉沟保护区核心区的植被景观特征进行分析。结果表明,核心区景观及斑块分布具有明显的地带性;核心区景观多样性较小,均匀度较低。另外,本文尝试用长宽比、伸张度、圆环度和周长与长轴的比这四种指数对景观斑块的特征进行了分析。结果表明,这四种指数在景观特征分析中具有一定的生态学意义。     

蒙古冰草外稃微形态特征的变异式样

采用电镜扫描技术对蒙古冰草（Agropyron mongolicum Keng)6个天然居群和2个栽培品种的外稃进行了观察分析。结果表明,外稃的微形态特征存在有14种变异类型,具有丰富的多态性;从这些变异的分布格局来看,主要存在于居群内的个体间,居群间的分化并不明显,反映出了居群内变异大于居群间变异的特点。     

内蒙古荒漠草原37种植物氮与灰分含量的特征

本文报告了内蒙古荒漠草原地区37种植物氮、硅与灰分含量的组成特征,结果表明,荒漠草原区植物的平均含硅量(1.019%),灰分含量(12.85%)都高于草甸草原与典型草原,而其含氮量(2.16%)都低于草甸草原与典型草原。在内蒙古草原区,植物化学元素组成呈现了地带性分异的特征。