彩色多普勒超声对无水酒精治疗肝细胞癌早期疗效的评价

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声评价无水酒精治疗肝细胞癌早期疗效的临床应用价值。方法：利用彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)、彩色多普勒能量图(CDE)检查技术,经皮无水酒精瘤内注射(PEI)治疗52例肝细胞癌(肿块直径1．65.0cm),疗程结束后一周,以CDFI及CDE血流显示的有无作为评价PEI早期疗效的观察指标,并行组织学活检病理检查。结果：52个肿块经PEI治疗后,CDFI及CDE示大部分肿块血流信号消失,小部分肿块能检出血流信号,但较治疗前明显减少。以病理检查结果为金标准,CDFI及CDE评价PEI治疗后肿瘤的灭活情况,其敏感性为：50．0％、77.8％,准确性为78．8％、90．4％,Kappa值为：0．486、0．779。结论：CDFI、DE动态监控PEI治疗过程对指导治疗意义重大,CDFI、CDE评价PEI结果客观、可靠,CDE可以敏感而直观地显示PEI治疗后肿瘤周边及内部残存的血流信号,对指导PEI治疗、时机及靶目标的选择以提高疗效具有重要的临床应用价值。     

彩色多普勒超声对乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效的评价研究

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)对乳腺癌新辅助化疗(NCT)疗效评价的临床应用价值。方法:选取2013年1月~2013年12月在我院接受新辅助化疗后行手术治疗的女性乳腺癌患者55例,以病理学评价为金标准,化疗后根据化疗效果分为有效组和无效组,利用CDFI观察患者NCT前后病灶超声指标、病灶内血流分级及阻力指数(RI)值变化。结果:55例患者中,临床触诊疗效评价符合率为36.4%,敏感度为60.7%;CDFI评价符合率为70.9%,敏感度为85.7%。CDFI检查显示,乳腺癌NCT后原发肿瘤病灶大小显著缩小,边界多清晰可见,内部回声及后方回声倾向正常。有效组NCT前后病灶内的血流类型和RI值变化有统计学意义(P0.05),无效组NCT前后病灶内的血流类型和RI值无明显变化(P0.05)。结论:CDFI技术可对乳腺癌NCT前后病灶大小及病灶内部血流动力学变化提供客观参数,是评价乳腺癌NCT疗效的有效方法。     

彩色多普勒超声诊断乳腺良恶性肿块临床价值分析

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声鉴别诊断乳腺肿瘤的价值。方法:选取2012年1月至2013年1月在我院接受彩色多普勒诊断的100例乳腺肿瘤患者,对患者进行回顾性分析,依据患者病理类型将患者分为两组,分别对两组患者实施二维声像图检查。结果:100例乳腺肿瘤患者诊断准确率为77.0%(77/100)。54例乳腺癌患者病灶内部以及病灶周边进行血流信号检出率为100%,纤维腺瘤组46例患者血流信号检出率为87.0%,两组患者血流信号检出率(P>0.05)无统计学意义。结论:彩色多普勒超声作为一种无创性检查方法对于乳腺肿瘤的鉴别诊断具有广阔的应用前景。     

传统二维及彩色多普勒超声对肾细胞癌的诊断运用探究

目的:探讨和分析传统二维及彩色多普勒超声在诊断肾细胞癌中的价值.方法:对我院2008-2011年收治的40例手术病理证实为肾细胞癌的肾脏肿瘤患者的二维和彩色多普勒超声的检查诊断结果进行回顾性分析,并与CT检查结果相比较.结果:对患者的超声和CT检查结果与术后病理诊断进行对比,超声诊断率82.5％,CT诊断率92.5％,两种检查诊断率相比无显著差异(x2=2.9,P＞0.05).其中,彩色多普勒超声表现为抱球型和丰富血流型的肾癌,术前均定性诊断正确(29/29).对于星点型的肾脏肿瘤,诊断符合率较高(4/6).对于少血流型肿瘤,超声无法作出正确的定性诊断(0/5).结论:传统二维及彩色多普勒超声在诊断肾细胞癌中具有很高价值,可以作为早期筛查的检查方法,尤其是血供丰富的肾癌,其对小肾癌也有较高的诊断率.     

超声检查在乳腺癌诊断中价值的探讨

目的:探讨二维及彩色多普勒超声在乳腺癌诊断方面的临床应用价值。方法:对60例经手术病理证实的乳腺肿块病例的二维及彩色多普勒超声检查与病理结果进行回顾性分析。结果:乳腺癌诊断中,大多数恶性肿块表现为形态不规则、边缘粗糙、边界不清、内部回声不均匀、后方回声衰减。恶性肿块的血流显示率明显高,血流分布以Ⅱ、Ⅲ级为主。结论:二维声像图及彩色多普勒在乳腺癌诊断方面有较高的临床应用价值。由于良恶性肿物的影像互有交叉,其诊断符合率并非是100%。须两者联合应用,综合分析,方可提高超声对乳腺良恶性肿块的诊断符合率。     

三维超声复合成像技术监测甲状腺囊肿PEI 疗效

目的:本研究应用三维超声复合成像技术(3D-sonoCT)观察甲状腺囊肿无水酒精注射(PEI,percutaneous ethanol Injection)治疗前后变化,探讨其临床应用价值.方法:PEI治疗甲状腺囊肿55例,单纯性囊肿18例,复杂性囊肿37例,于PEI治疗前后进行二维及三维SonoCT显像.结果:三维sonoCT图像清晰、立体感强,可明确显示甲状腺囊肿内结构及PEI治疗前后变化.结论:三维sonoCT能提供更加丰富、直观的信息,是观察PEI治疗甲状腺囊肿疗效的有效手段.     

超声检查在乳腺癌诊断中价值的探讨

目的：探讨二维及彩色多普勒超声在乳腺癌诊断方面的临床应用价值。方法：对60例经手术病理证实的乳腺肿块病例的二维及彩色多普勒超声检查与病理结果进行回顾性分析。结果：乳腺癌诊断中,大多数恶性肿块表现为形态不规则、边缘粗糙、边界不清、内部回声不均匀、后方回声衰减。恶性肿块的血流显示率明显高,血流分布以Ⅱ、Ⅲ级为主。结论：二维声像图及彩色多普勒在乳腺癌诊断方面有较高的临床应用价值。由于良恶性肿物的影像互有交叉,其诊断符合率并非是100%。须两者联合应用,综合分析,方可提高超声对乳腺良恶性肿块的诊断符合率。     

彩色多普勒对深部静脉血栓形成后遗症的疗效评价

我们应用彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)技术对我院脉管病科2006年6月～2007年12月住院的67例患者进行检查,观察其形态学及血流动力学特点,探讨其在临床诊断和应用蕲蛇酶治疗的疗效价值.     

超声造影在乳腺恶性病变的应用研究

目的:评价超声造影在乳腺癌恶性病变中的诊断价值。方法:以影像科接收B超声或X线影像诊断肿块较小(2.0cm)42例乳腺癌高度疑似患者作为研究对象,分析超声造影结果,并与彩色多普勒超声诊断进行对比。结果:病灶52个,其中恶性43个,浸润性导管癌34个、导管原位癌8个、浸润性小叶癌1个;超声造影诊断敏感度93.02%、特异度66.67、准确率88.46%,彩色多普勒超声敏感度79.07%、特异度55.57%、准确率75.00%;良恶性造影灌注增强特征差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),恶性病灶快进快出28例、不均匀增强31例与均匀增强10例。结论:超声造影筛查、诊断乳腺恶性病变符合率较好,质量易控,通过获得造影模式、灌注增强特征,定性诊断准确率较高,也不易受肿瘤大小、深度影响。     

肝,胆系统疾病的彩超诊断要点

第一节 肿瘤性病变 一、肝脏炎性假瘤 灰阶声图像:肿块不规则,多为葫芦状,一大一小,有时可呈多结节;后方回声无明显改变;一般无肝硬化征象。 频谱多普勒:病灶周边部的彩色血为动脉型频谱。 彩色多普勒:大部分无任何彩色血流,少部分在病灶周边部显示彩色血流。 二、肝脏血管瘤     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.