中国麻球腔菌属札记

The genus Byssosphaeria from China was briefly reviewed based on specimen examinations and literature work. Taxonomic and nomenclatural problems are discussed. Among the previously recorded taxa of the genus, a new combination, Byssosphaeria hainanensis, is made and a new Chinese record, B. alnea, is reported. A key to the known species of the genus in China is provided.     

产于海南的中国革菌一新记录属—乳孔菌属Theleporus

INTRODUCTION One resupinate, poroid specimen of wood-inhabiting fungi was collected on angiosperm stump from tropical forest of Hainan Province. After microscopic examination it turned out to be Theleporus calcicolor （Sacc. ＆ P. Syd.） Ryvarden.The genus Theleporus Fr. was not reported from China previously （Dal et al., 2004）, and this report is the first record of both the genus and the species in China.     

中国马铃薯晚疫病菌AFLP遗传多样性分析

The genetic diversity of the populations of Phytophthora infestans from some major potato production regions in China were detected by amplified restriction fragment polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. Among 200 combinations of primer pair screened, 12 combinations could generate consistent polymorphic bands using six tested isolates. The twelve combinations were used to amplify the genomic DNA of 50 isolates collected in China from 1997 to 2002. A total of 922 AFLP bands were obtained, and 530 of them,covering 57.5%, showed polymorphism. Cluster analysis using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) separated 50 isolates into five AFLP groups which were correlated to groups defined by geographical origin, however, they were not correlated to groups defined by mating type, or response to metalaxyl and virulence. Parameters of genetic diversity calculated by POPGENE software indicated that the genetic diversity level of Phytophtora infestans population in China was not high.     

中国蚋类区系分布和地理区划(双翅目:蚋科)

报道我国蚋类的区系分布和地理区划,根据代表性类群的界间替代分布,对我国蚋类在东洋,古北两界的分布界限初步划线,分析表明,我国蚋类区系分布具有自北向南减弱,接壤区系的相似性和具有明显的地方性等特点,在区系分析的基础上,对我国蚋类进行三级地理区划。     

豫南鸡公山自然保护区种子植物区系的研究

鸡公山是大别山西部余脉,位于豫、鄂两省的交界线上,为国家级自然保护区和风景区。本文根据该区现代植物分布的科、属、种,作了详细的统计分析,并与其它地区的植物区系成分作了对比研究。其结果表明:①植物种类组成丰富,共计有132科、544属、1161种。②鸡公山(大别山)是华东、华中、华北植物区系的交汇之地,各种成分兼容并存。③该区(大别山)是秦岭以东南北植物分布的天然界线,以此为北界的植物有34属、72种,以此为南界的植物有5属16种。④大别山是中国西南成分、华中成分向华东地区扩展散布的北部通道,鸡公山是这条通道上的一个连接点。     

浙西南山地蕨类植物区系研究

浙西南山地蕨类植物十分丰富,区系有46科99属396种(含变种及变型)组成。优势科是鳞毛蕨科、水龙骨科、蹄盖蕨科、金星蕨科等;优势属是鳞毛蕨属、复叶耳蕨属、铁角蕨属、卷柏属、毛蕨属等。区系地理成分复杂,具有亚热带性质,但兼有亚热带向暖温带过渡的特征;区系起源古老,不乏古老的科、属及孑遗种;区系具有丰富的中国特有成分;该区系与邻近地区蕨类植物区系关系的密切程度依次为西南、华南、日本、华中、台湾、华北、西北、西藏和东北。     

中国潜跳甲属分类研究(鞘翅目:叶甲科:跳甲亚科)

本文系统研究了潜跳甲属Podagricomela Heikertinger的中国种类,共10种,包括1新记录种：黑足潜跳甲P.nigripes Medvedev。文中提供了分种检索表、简要描述和雌雄外生殖器特征图。在此基础上对本属在中国的地理分布格局进行了初步探讨。潜跳甲属Podagricomela Heikertinger的分布中心在中国,表现出由南向北分布的特点,主要分布于华南区、西南区、华中区和华北区,多以芸香科植物为寄主。     

昆明地区两栖动物多样性及保护研究

昆明地区共有21种两栖动物,隶2目8科12属。区系特点是：物种多样性很丰富,多于我国9个省区;东洋界种类有20种占绝对优势,没有古北界种类,古北东洋两界广布种仅1种;明显具西南区的特色有16种,特有种多,呈贡嵘螈及滇螈是昆明特有种,也是云南特有种,另有滇蛙等12种为中国特有种;模式产地为昆明的种类多,有7种;姬蛙科属种多,共3属4种。该文阐述了昆明为模式产地的种类现状,还提出了昆明地区两栖类的保护对策。     

浙江近海后鳃类软体动物的分布及其区系

报道了浙江近海的后鳃类97种,分别隶属于7目30科44属。其中我国沿岸广温广布种14种,主要分布于东海和南海的亚热带种50种,南海的热带种18种,渤、黄海延伸到东海北部的暖温带种15种。     

中国侧棘斑蚜属(蚜科,角斑蚜亚科)地理分布格局研究

用GIs技术研究斑蚜科侧棘斑蚜属Tuberculatus在中国的地理分布格局。种类以县级行政单元转换地理坐标与动物地理区划图叠加后产生蚜虫地理分布图。结果显示出这个属主要分布在东北区南部、华北区、华中区、华南区和西南区东部(中国南部和东部)。根据地理分布图及有关统计分析,认为东北区南部—华北区北部和华中区南部一东南部是这个属在中国的分布中心、分化中心和特有中心。同时,利用寄主植物的分布,探讨了中国侧棘斑蚜属的分布与寄主植物分布之间的关系。     

我国苹果属资源现代分布调查初报

种质资源是农业生物资源的重要组成部分。我国是苹果属植物的起源演化中心之一,加强我国苹果种质资源调查与收集,可以丰富我国苹果资源保存的多样性。国家果树种质苹果圃于2005-2016年开展了我国西北、华北、西南、东北和华东苹果属植物集中分布地区的调查和收集,旨在进一步摸清家底,扩展我国苹果属种质资源的保存类型和数量,为保护利用及科学研究提供基础资料。调查结果表明:我国苹果属种质资源类型多样,分布广泛,新收集资源621份,西北、西南和东北地区的苹果野生种资源丰富,地方品种少量分布;华北地区以地方品种为主,野生种类型较少。目前野生资源集中分布面积逐年减少,由先前的大范围散落分布逐渐转变为小面积集中分布;地方品种面临的问题较多,砍伐频发,流失严重。以连续11年的苹果属种质资源调查为依据,提出苹果资源收集保存面临的问题,并提出建议。     

Stratégie de débitage et mode de façonnage des industries du Paléolithique inférieur en Chine et en Europe entre 1 Ma et 400 000 ans: Ressemblances et différences de la culture de l’homme de Yunxian et Acheuléen européen

These stone tools from Yunxian with other Lower Paleolithic sites in South China, for example, the site Lantian (Shanxi, China) and the site Bose (Guangxi, China), indicates that there are many common characteristics among these industries. There are choppers, chopping-tools, picks, hand-axes, cleavers and scrapers. Long ago we thought that there are not hand-axes in China. In fact, there are lots of hand-axes in China and these hand-axes existed more earlier than those in Europe. The hand-axe appeared in China before 800,000 years old and it barely arrived in Europe before 600,000 years old. The quaternary deposits of the site of Yunxian Hominid (Hubei, China) are at least dated to 800,000 years old. A large quantity of lower Paleolithic material was discovered. The types of the tools are choppers, picks, scrapers, hand-axes and cleavers. The pebbles tools make up the majority of the implements. Small flake tools are relatively rare. The lithic industries comparison of the two regions has help us to know the cultural evolution in China and Europe.