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1.
The Late Miocene and Pliocene continental sediments in the Granada Basin (southern Spain) have yielded large amounts of fossil small mammals in 37 localities from 11 sections. The aim of this paper is to integrate faunistic, stratigraphic, and sedimentary criteria to unravel the geological history of the continental infilling of the basin. The palaeontological study has led to a detailed biozonation on the basis of rodents, which helps to correlate in detail the different sedimentary units found in the basin, and to follow the changes of the different sedimentary systems and their palaeogeographical evolution through time. Combination of the proposed biostratigraphy and the reinterpretation of the magnetostratigraphic analyses of the Barranco del Purcal section allows us to assign an absolute age slightly older than 5.23 Ma to the Turolian–Ruscinian boundary (MN13‐MN14).  相似文献   

2.
    
Paleomagnetic analysis of the section of Purcal (Granada Basin) shows that the entire sequence has reversed polarity. The micromammal fauna contains elements that are typical of the latest Miocene, and others that are earliest Pliocene; both are characteristic of humid surroundings. The section should be placed in Chron C3r, and the fauna indicates the Miocene-Pliocene transition.  相似文献   

3.
A NEW MIDDLE TERTIARY MAMMALIAN LOCALITY FROM SUNITEZUOQI, NEI MONGOL   总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1  
bealityThehayinbaolidauconununeis3OkmsouthoftheSwhtezuOqi,NeiMongo'TheTertiarylocalityislOkmsouthwestoftheconunune,exposedongentlehillsalongseveralbranchesofthevalleynamedGa-shun-yin-a-de-ge(ll3o33,,43"34,)(Fig.l).~andfaunaPatchesofTertiarybedsrestongentlehillsofpaleozoicgranitebaseInelltatelevationsof1llO-ll2OminthevalleyGashunyinadege'TheTertiaryboaremostlyreddishsandyclnysandlithologicallycharacterizedbycontainingpooriyroundedgranitefragInentsfromthebasement,distingulshablethereforefr…  相似文献   

4.
    
Abstract: This paper reports the first record of Desmanella (Mammalia, Soricomorpha) from the Granada Basin in southern Iberian Peninsula, which represents its south‐westernmost occurrence in all Eurasia. It is a controversial taxon whose systematic assignment has been discussed for a long time. This genus belongs to the family Talpidae, a group of insectivores that include extant moles, shrew moles and desmans. Desmanella was very abundant in the late Miocene and early Pliocene of Eurasia, including several basins of northern Iberian Peninsula, but it has not been found until now in southern Iberia. Previous studies have shown that the faunal record and the climatic conditions during the Neogene in the Granada Basin were different from other areas of the Iberian Peninsula. The particular distribution of Desmanella supports the hypothesis that specific climatic features (wetter than neighbouring areas) prevailed in the Granada Basin during the late Turolian (late Miocene).  相似文献   

5.
顶山盐池组是在新疆准噶尔盆地北缘乌伦古河流域新建立的一个新近纪岩石地层单位(孟津等,2008)。2006年本文作者在该组地层中采集了以小哺乳动物为主的哺乳动物化石。这里记述的化石采自位于同一陡坎的相距约1.6 km的两个剖面上的3个化石点,分属两个层位。化石点XJ 200613(46°24.572′N;87°28.541′E)和XJ 200617(46°24.479′N; 87°29.818′E)都位于顶山盐池组的底部层位:前者位于该组底界2.3 m之上,后者则位于该组底部砂岩透镜体中。除少数大哺乳动物外,从这两个地点采集到的化石都是由筛洗法获得的小哺乳动物。另一个化石层位位于剖面的上部,在建组剖面中位于距底界34.5 m、距顶界12.4 m处,在该层位的化石点XJ 200614(46°24.757′N;87°28.476′E)采集到一些大哺乳动物的牙齿碎片。这里将底部和上部层位的化石分开描述。顶山盐池组底部XJ 200613和XJ 200617两个化石点有相当多共同的小哺乳动物(见表5),同归于顶山盐池组底部动物群,放在一起描述。该动物群总共有22个小哺乳动物化石种和4个大哺乳动物种,分属食虫目、翼手目、兔形目、啮齿目、食肉目、奇蹄目和偶蹄目等7个目的16科:鼩鼱科、鼹鼠科、蝙蝠科、鼠兔科、沙鼠科、仓鼠科、睡鼠科、始鼠科、跳鼠科、林跳鼠科、松鼠科、梳趾鼠科、啮齿目不定科、鹿科、马科和熊科。其中小哺乳动物中有11个种和1个属与通古尔期的默尔根动物群分子相同(见表5):Alloptox gobiensis,Desmatolagus sp.,Heterosminthus orientalis,Protalactaga major,P.grabaui,Democricetodon lindsayi,D.toagt, Megacricetodon sinensis,M.pusillus,Plesiodipus leei,Miodyromys sp.和Keramidomys fahlbuschi。大型哺乳动物中能鉴定的属种Anchitherium和Hemicyon cf.H.stehlini也是通古尔动物群中曾有记载的属。此外有两种不能鉴定到属种的鹿科动物牙齿碎片。邱铸鼎等(2006)基于近20年来对内蒙古地区新近纪哺乳动物群研究的新进展,将通古尔期的动物群进一步细分为推饶木、默尔根和铁木钦三个次级动物群。认为这三个动物群的产出层位和动物组成代表了时代早晚不同的序列。顶山盐池组底部动物群中不具有铁木钦动物群中较为进步的Plesiodipus progressus,也没有较早的推饶木动物群中所含有的从渐新世和早中新世延续下来的属,如Prodistylomys和Tachyoryctoides,以及较为原始的食肉动物,其时代应与默尔根动物群相当。在我国,与默尔根动物群时代相当的小哺乳动物群还有甘肃永登咸水河组上部的泉头沟动物群(邱铸鼎,2000,2001a,b)、青海西宁盆地的车头沟组及咸水河组动物组合(邱铸鼎等, 1981,2006;李传夔等,1981)。泉头沟动物群有11属12种小哺乳动物,与顶山盐池组底部动物群相同的种有7个:Heterosminthus orientalis,Protalactaga major,P.grabaui,Megacricetodon sinensis, Plesiodipus leei,Ganocricetodon cheni和Paracricetulus schaubi。其中前5个种是与默尔根动物群共有的,而Ganocricetodon cheni和Paracricetulus schaubi仅为泉头沟和顶山盐池组底部动物群共有。此外,泉头沟动物群中的沙鼠类Myocricetodon和Mellalomys在默尔根动物群中是没有的,而在顶山盐池组底部动物群中有属于Myocricetodontinae的成员。青海西宁盆地车头沟组和咸水河组的动物组合中目前已知的小哺乳动物很少。车头沟组内有Heterosminthus orientalis和Megacricetodon sinensis(原来描述的Megacricetodon cf.sinensis无疑可归入Megacricetodon sinensis),咸水河组动物组合中小哺乳动物仅有Plesiodipus leei和Alloptox chinghaiensis。结合与它们共生的大哺乳动物成分,以及不具有较古老的动物分子的特点,这两个哺乳动物组合的时代可与默尔根动物群大致相当。此外,顶山盐池组底部动物群也可与甘肃秦安剖面148 m处的A4组合(Guo et al.,2002)对比。A4组合中6个属种内有4个属种可与顶山盐池组底部动物群比较:Desmatolagus sp.,Alloptox gobiensis,Plesiodipus leei(原鉴定为Gobicricetodon sp.)和Cricetodon sp.。笔者有机会观察到A4组合中的Cricetodon.sp.很可能归属顶山盐池组底部动物群中的Cricetodon volkeri sp.nov.。因此顶山盐池组底部动物群可与我国内蒙古通古尔期默尔根动物群、甘肃的泉头沟动物群、青海西宁盆地的车头沟组和咸水河组动物组合及甘肃秦安剖面A4动物组合对比。这些动物群的时代应大体上和欧洲新近纪陆相哺乳动物分期中的MN7+8较早期相当,为中中新世中期(依邱铸鼎等,2006)。顶山盐池组底部动物群中具有泉头沟动物群中特有的沙鼠类和Paracricetulus schaubi,表明它们可能具有相同的生态环境:比通古尔动物群的生态环境更为干旱和开阔(邱铸鼎,2001b)。顶山盐池组上部层位中产出有一枚很可能为贺风三趾马Hipparion(Plesiohipparion) houfenense的下臼齿、不能鉴定的犀类、长鼻类的牙齿残片和鸵鸟蛋片。贺风三趾马在中国的生存时期为保德期至游河期(或榆社期)(邱占祥等,1987)。新近,对2008年夏季采集的小哺乳动物的初步鉴定表明,顶山盐池组上部层位的时代不会晚于晚中新世的最晚期。因此顶山盐池组上部含化石层位的时代可能为晚中新世晚期,顶山盐池组的时代应该为中中新世中期至晚中新世晚期。文内的测量数据,若无特殊说明,均为:齿冠长度×宽度;单位为毫米(mm)。古仓鼠属Cricetodon Lartet,1851弗尔克古仓鼠(新种)Cricetodon volkeri sp.nov. (图3A-D)种的特征M1的前边尖仅轻度二分,具短的前纵脊外距。M1、M2的前尖后刺弱或缺失,后脊舌端与后边脊的中部相交。M1可能仅具三齿根。上下颊齿的横脊近于横向伸展,上臼齿的内脊和下臼齿的下外脊近于前后方向伸展。名称由来纪念已故德国著名的古生物学家Volker Fahlbusch教授对仓鼠类化石研究的重大贡献。正型标本左M1(IVPP V 15621.1);2.93×1.98。副型标本右M1前段(V 15621.2)和一枚未经磨蚀的右M2(V 15621.3;2.25×2.05)。模式地点新疆准噶尔盆地北缘顶山盐池西北XJ 200613地点。归入标本左m2(V 15622;2.27×1.71,齿冠的最大高度在舌侧下后尖处,为1.32 mm)。XJ 200617地点。  相似文献   

6.
报道并描述了一件来自甘肃临夏盆地的中间乌米兽(Urmiatherium intermedium)头骨化石新材料,该材料产自柳树组上部,属于晚中新世晚期杨家山动物群。中间乌米兽是一种大型的晚中新世牛科动物,角心特化,短且呈薄板状,并且在基部相互靠近。在角心前后方的额骨和顶骨上,发育大片赘生骨疣,这些骨疣与角心一起,合称角器。20世纪初,步林报道了中国北方晚中新世地层中的大量中间乌米兽化石,包括产自山西保德和甘肃庆阳的20多件头骨以及很多破碎的齿列和骨骼。本文报道的乌米兽头骨化石是乌米兽在甘肃临夏盆地的首次发现,将其在中国北方的分布向西扩展到了青藏高原东北缘地带。乌米兽被普遍认为与近旋角羊(Plesiaddax)、和政羊(Hezhengia)和柴达木兽(Tsaidamotherium)等晚中新世"麝牛类"牛科动物具有较近的亲缘关系,但其系统发育地位仍存有争议。相比其他晚中新世"麝牛类"牛科动物,乌米兽的分布较广,从伊朗至中国北方都有分布,但它鲜与其他晚中新世"麝牛类"牛科动物伴生。在临夏盆地,与其伴生的牛科动物目前仅发现中华羚(Sinotragus)一种。  相似文献   

7.
爪兽在我国新近纪地层中发现的数量和种类都相当稀少.本文根据产自甘肃省临夏盆地晚中新世柳树组的一批化石材料建立的一个爪兽化石新种临夏奈王爪兽(Nestoritherium linxiaense sp.nov.)是此属目前所发现的最原始的种类.新种以鼻骨与泪骨相接触、上臼齿原小尖萎缩、原脊不太发育、下颌粗壮、齿隙短、下犬齿可能存在但发育较弱以及p4下内尖孤立而区别于其他各种.根据新发现的化石,确立了Nestoritherium属名的有效性,并将修订后的Nestoritherium wuduense (Xue&Coombs,1985)归入其中,认为此属是Hesperotherium的祖先类型.  相似文献   

8.
FamilyCervidaeGray.l82lSubfamiIyMuntiaeinaePoe0ck,l923GenusMetaceroulusTeilhardetTramert,l937MetaceroulUBlepidusHu,I962(Pl.I,1-4)MaterialAskullwithbrokenantlers(V9337),twopieces0fmandibIes(v9360).RemarksThespecimensarequitesimilartothetypespecimen0fMetacerbu-luslepidus:skullratherbroadandflattened,pedicleswiththesame1engthandpr0-longatedonthefrontalsbyaridge,thedimensionsandthegeneralappearanceofteetharequitesimilar.Butthefirstbifurcationontheantlersofthespecimen(V-9337)is,broaderandc…  相似文献   

9.
蔚县盆地牛头山(铺路)剖面晚上新世/早更新世小哺乳动物   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
牛头山(=铺路)剖面6个含化石层位中,第3、6、9和第12层为晚上新世,第15、16层为早更新世。晚上新世以Hypolagus,Nannocricetus mongolicus,Sinocricetus progressus,Mesosiph- neus,Pliosiphneus,Pseudomeriones complicidens,Micromys tedfordi等的最后绝灭为特征;早更新世以Allophaiomys deucalion,Yangia等的出现为特征。根据岩石地层和小哺乳动物组合分析,该剖面上新世/更新世界限应在第12-13层之间。根据动物组合或动物群的对比,将牛头山剖面、钱家沙洼村的洞沟剖面与小水沟剖面、东窑子头村的大南沟剖面及稻地村的老窝沟剖面的不同层位进行了时代排序。  相似文献   

10.
    
Abstract

The Neogene Fortuna Basin (Murcia Region, SE Spain) is rich in microvertebrate sites. Its continental sections include localities extended from the middle Turolian (MN12) to the early Ruscinian (MN14). However, there are few works dealing with the taxonomy of these fossil assemblages. In this paper we provide a complete taxonomic study of the rodents and insectivores from three levels (ROM-2B, ROM-2C and ROM-3A) within the Romerales section. We infer a late Turolian age (late Messinian) for these levels, among which the richest and most diverse level is ROM-C, including at least 11 different taxa. In addition, the paleoecological analysis of these fossil assemblages suggests the dominance of open herbaceous meadows under temperate climate during the formation of these sites, with a slight decrease in temperature and humidity from ROM-2B to ROM-2C.  相似文献   

11.
    
Two Hipparion species, H. forstenae and H. hippidiodus from Gaojiashan locality in the Linxia Basin, Gansu, China are described in this paper, with the first presence of the former in the Linxia Basin. The lower cheek teeth of Hipparion from Gaojiashan bear deep ectoflexids, and after comparisons to other Chinese Hipparion fossils with deep ectoflexids, the mandibles with deep ectoflexids on the lower premolars suggest their attributions to H. forstenae. The presence of a deep ectoflexid on p2 may be interpretable as an intraspecifically variable feature in H. forstenae, and can also be found in H. dermatorhinum. Besides the Hipparion material, at least 8 species of large mammals occur at the Gaojiashan locality, including Adcrocuta eximia, Chilotherium wimani, Shansirhinus ringstroemi, Eucladoceros cf. proboulei, Palaeotragus cf. coelophrys, Giraffidae gen. et sp. indet., and the previously studied Promephitis hootoni and Eostyloceros hezhengensis. Although the sample from Gaojiashan shares five species with the Yangjiashan fauna, the Gaojiashan fossil assemblage may date to the Baodean because of the presence of H. forstenae. The overall taxonomic composition of the Gaojiashan assemblage at least suggests an approximate Baodean age, which would imply survival of C. wimani into the Baodean of the Linxia Basin.  相似文献   

12.
大唇犀 (Chilotherium属 )是中国晚中新世三趾马动物群中占统治地位的类型 ,在亚洲的其他地区和南欧也有广泛的分布。然而 ,有关大唇犀头后骨骼的记述相当少。在山西保德和陕西府谷已经发现了丰富的大唇犀化石 ,但到目前为止仅有安氏大唇犀 (Ch .anderssoni)的少量头后骨骼被记述。维氏大唇犀 (Ch .wimani)最早发现于陕西府谷 ,被记述的材料仅包括头骨标本。最近我们在甘肃临夏盆地发现了大量晚中新世的Ch .wimani化石 ,其中不仅有众多的头骨 ,头后骨骼也相当丰富。本文研究的标本采自临夏盆地内众多的晚中新世三趾马动物群化石地点 ,包括和政县的大深沟、南阳山、大山庄、禾托和高家山 ,广河县的后山、兰家山、山庄、寺沟、次滩、沙地沟、阳洼铺子和桥家 ,以及东乡县的双拱北等。在保德的三趾马动物群中 ,大唇犀以Ch .anderssoni和哈氏大唇犀 (Ch .habereri)为代表 ,而在临夏和府谷却是以Ch .wimani为代表。临夏盆地的三趾马动物群中共有 3种无角犀类 ,即Ch .wimani,Acerorhinuscornutus和A .hezhengensis。根据头骨材料的统计 ,Ch .wimani在犀类中占有绝对优势 ,A .hezhengensis和A .cornutus的个体数量很少。与此对应 ,动物群中的无角犀类肢骨明显可以分为 3组 ,其中具中等尺寸的一组占有绝对优势。?  相似文献   

13.
云南禄丰晚中新世鸟类   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
侯连海 《人类学学报》1985,4(2):118-126
云南禄丰晚中新世古猿产地的鸟类化石,共计3目、3科、6属、6种,包括2新属4新种。另外尚有科、目未定之一特殊鸟类标本。  相似文献   

14.
描述在甘肃临夏盆地晚中新世地层中发现的貘属新种和政貘(Tapirus hezhengensis sp. nov.),它是貘属中已知最小的种之一。在基本特征上,临夏盆地的和政貘与现生貘已相当接近,前臼齿完全臼齿化,门齿、犬齿的数目和形态也与现生貘一致。东亚晚中新世缺少貘科化石的材料,和政貘的发现对中国第四纪貘类的来源提供了重要线索,显示中中新世起源于欧洲的真貘在晚中新世时期已扩散至东亚。貘类通常适应于潮湿的热带森林环境,但和政貘在华北三趾马动物群中的发现说明这类动物也能够生活于干旱的温带草原地区。  相似文献   

15.
黑犀(奇蹄目,犀科)化石在中国的首次发现   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
黑犀(Diceros属)的惟一现生代表D.bicornis生活在非洲。该属在新近纪时期曾广泛分布于希腊、土耳其和伊朗等地区,但从未在东亚地区发现过。新种甘肃黑犀(Diceros gan- suensis sp.nov.)是该属在中国和东亚的首次发现。化石采自甘肃临夏盆地晚中新世柳树组中部。新种以尺寸较小、头型短、枕顶高耸、枕面窄而高、枕嵴无中沟、副枕突短小、下颌上升支距m3较近、前臼齿较小、DP1无后脊、P2原脊孤立、P2和P3后脊细窄而区别于东地中海地区的Diceros neumayri。D.neumayri的分类位置一直是一个争论的焦点,曾在黑犀(Diceros属)和白犀(Ceratotherium属)之间反复变更。研究显示,甘肃黑犀和D.neumayri的一系列共同的原始特征表明它们与更进步的白犀有明显的区别,应该归入黑犀属。  相似文献   

16.
Quantitative and qualitative analyses based on planktonic foraminifera of two sections (Oued Derdoussa and Djebel Meni) from lower Chelif basin (northern Algeria) enable us to identify for the first time a sequence of bioevents calibrated with the geomagnetic polarity time scale. The identified bioevents of late Miocene formations are useful for a high-resolution correlation in the whole western Mediterranean at local and regional scales. In particular, this work reveals that the sequence covers an interval of time that extends from the upper Tortonian up to the pre-evaporite Messinian period. Indeed, the base of the succession starts with a change in the coiling direction (from dextral to sinistral) of Neogloboquadrina acostaensis as the first bioevent. This later corresponds to the bioevent (1–8) assigned to the Tortonian sediments. This period is marked by the presence of Globorotalia menardii in sinistral coiled form that was substituted gradually with dextral coiled. The Tortonian/Messinian (T/M) boundary coincides to some extent with a sharp replacement of G. menardii group (I and II) with the first common occurrence (FCO) of Globorotalia miotumida plexus few meters below the development of the Tripoli diatomite formation (bioevent 9). This later is dominated mainly by highly convex species (G. miotumida plexus) marked by the presence of Globorotalia mediterranea in contrast with the marly formation at the base of the section. In this part, the recorded bioevents (10 to 17) are assigned to the Messinian sediments. Thus, the Tripoli formation shows the influx of Globorotalia nicolae and a small incursion of the dextrally coiled of Globorotalia scitula at the top of Oued Derdoussa section as a local bioevent that may be related to the local palaeoenvironment. We notice the absence of the change in the coiling from sinistral to dextral of N. acostaensis during the upper Messinian, this may be due to the coincidence of this bioevent with the barren levels.  相似文献   

17.
临夏盆地已知的大唇犀(Chilotherium属)共有3种,C.primigenius,C.anderssoni和C.wimani。其中,C.wimani是临夏盆地晚中新世三趾马动物群中的优势种类,在临夏盆地的柳树组中部和上部的各个化石地点均有出土,时代为晚中新世中期。该种下颌主要特征表现在联合部强烈地横向扩展和i2巨大且内刃上翻。本文所述标本为一件带畸形牙齿的C.wimani亚成年下颌,年龄约9岁,个体中等大小,其特征与C.anderssoni相差较大,而与C.wimani完全一致。其畸形之处表现在左、右两侧的p4为异常状态,并且在左侧还保留有dp4。左p4前后内外倒转,且下三角座仅为一锥形牙尖形态;右p4不仅内外反转,而且下三角座完全退失。这件标本从病因来看,左dp4的滞留很可能是左p4牙胚的不正常发育造成的,而左、右p4的畸形生长很可能是生物体遗传因素和营养不良共同造成的。C.wimani的数量庞大,种间和种内竞争都很激烈。牙齿的畸形影响了上下牙的咬合状况,在环境恶劣、竞争激烈的情况下,功能劣势是致命的。  相似文献   

18.
Tao Deng 《Geobios》2008,41(6):719
Ningxiatherium euryrhinus sp. nov. is a relatively large elasmothere rhino from the Linxia Basin in northwestern China found in the early Bahean, which corresponds to the early Vallesian (MN 9), ca. 11.1 Ma. It is much larger than the extant Ceratotherium simum and has a single horn. Ningxiatherium is similar to the late Miocene Parelasmotherium from Gansu and Shanxi, but differs in having partially ossified nasal septum, terminal nasal horn boss, shallower nasal notch above the P3/P4 boundary, and much shorter premolars. N. euryrhinus sp. nov. differs from N. longirhinus from the late Miocene of Zhongning, Ningxia in northwestern China by its larger size, relatively wider nasals, shallower nasal notch, and sub-quadrangular occlusal surface of M3. In the Linxia Basin, the other early late Miocene (Bahean or Vallesian) elasmotheres are known from complete skulls or isolated teeth. They include two genera and three species: Parelasmotherium linxiaense, P. simplum, and Iranotherium morgani. They lack a nasal septum, but Ningxiatherium has one. The age of N. euryrhinus is early late Miocene based on direct association with biochronologic indicator taxa, such as Dinocrocuta gigantea, Hipparion dongxiangense, and Chilotherium primigenius. N. euryrhinus is more primitive than N. longirhinus sp. nov. in having a sub-quadrangular M3, a shallower nasal notch, and the presence of DP1 in adults.  相似文献   

19.
    
The Cerro Azul Formation (La Pampa Province, Argentina) comprises a rich vertebrate fauna of small mammals dominated by notoungulates and rodents. The fauna pertains to the Late Miocene specifically to the Huayquerian Stage/Age. Taphonomic analysis of micro‐mammals from Estancia Ré locality evidenced that the faunal assemblage was accumulated by the activity of a predator. This assemblage was compared with others from the Cerro Azul Formation in Telén and Caleufú localities (La Pampa Province), previously interpreted as products of predator activities. These microfossil accumulations differ from assemblages attributed to pellets and faeces produced by modern predators (nocturnal and diurnal bird raptors and carnivore mammals). However, due to their anatomical representation, degree of bone breakage and presence of tooth marks, they are interpreted as accumulations of uneaten prey remains discarded by the predator. The predator involved could not be determined with certainty, although the presence of tooth marks in some skeletal remains and the presence of coprolites in Telén and Caleufú suggest that it could be a carnivore mammal. Similarities in the accumulation mechanism, patterns of preservation and sedimentary contexts in the three assemblages support the recognition of a new taphonomic mode, termed ‘leftover prey remains’.  相似文献   

20.
甘肃临夏盆地的晚中新世红粘土堆积中含有大量的三趾马动物群化石,其中犀科化石,特别是大唇犀最为丰富。通过对临夏盆地晚中新世具有代表性的大唇犀化石的年龄结构的分析,初步了解到化石群各年龄段个体的百分比和种群动态。大唇犀化石中成年个体的数量占优势,明显多于老年个体,与正常生活群中的年龄结构吻合,由此可初步断定是突发性事件引起了犀牛种群的灾害性死亡。再进一步对化石的风化、磨蚀、聚集状态及所受的水动力特征等进行分析,发现骨骼受到了弱水流的短距离搬运,说明化石埋藏地离动物死亡地不远。以上分析结果与沉积学特征相结合,说明临夏盆地晚中新世三趾马动物群的集群死亡可能与严重的干旱化事件有关。  相似文献   

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