WUCHIAPINGIAN (LOPINGIAN, LATE PERMIAN) BRACHIOPODS FROM THE EPISKOPI FORMATION OF HYDRA ISLAND, GREECE

Abstract:  Twenty-three species of silicified brachiopods are described from four samples in the middle and upper parts of the Episkopi Formation from Hydra Island, Greece. These brachiopods are newly recorded from the region and together with previously described brachiopods from the same localities constitute the most diverse Lopingian (Late Permian) brachiopod fauna reported in southern Europe. The brachiopod fauna is Wuchiapingian as indicated by the associated conodonts. The fauna from Hydra exhibits strong palaeobiogeographical links with the faunas from South China. In addition, palaeobiogeographical affinities with the faunas of Thailand and the northern peri-Gondwanan region are also present, which implies a peri-Gondwanan origin for Hydra. Palaeoecologically, the brachiopod assemblage from sample EP in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation is dominated by pedically-attached and cementing genera and reflects moderate energy conditions above storm wave base and an abundance of hard substrates provided by sponges in the biohermal habitat. By contrast, the brachiopod assemblage in the other three samples from the upper part of the Episkopi Formation is dominated by spinose genera with a free-resting life habit, suggesting soft substrates in a quiet water environment below storm wave base on the outer part of the shelf. New taxa are Petinospiriferina gen. nov., Hustedia episkopiensis sp. nov., Waterhouseiella hydraensis sp. nov. and Xenosaria tenuis sp. nov.     

Oldest known Dicoelosia and Epitomyonia,deep water brachiopods from the Beiguoshan Formation (Middle Katian,Upper Ordovician), Shaanxi,north China

Abstract: A diverse brachiopod fauna from a relatively deep water carbonate facies of the Upper Ordovician Beiguoshan Formation (uppermost Caradoc – lower Ashgill, middle Katian) is characterized by small shells and contains the oldest known Dicoelosia and Epitomyonia, two diagnostic taxa of deep water brachiopod palaeocommunities during the Late Ordovician and Silurian. Three new species are recognized: Dicoelosia cordiformis sp. nov., Dicoelosia perbrevis sp. nov. and Epitomyonia fui sp. nov. These pioneer forms of the family Dicoelosiidae show a relatively high degree of morphological plasticity. The shells of Dicoelosia from the Beiguoshan Formation range from the typical slender‐lobed form with a concavoconvex profile to the strongly equibiconvex, fat‐lobed morphotype that was not known previously until the late Silurian. The Beiguoshan dicoelosiids point to an important attribute of the deep water brachiopods: small generalists with high morphological plasticity, which make them ideal candidates as progenitors for the evolution of shallow water brachiopod faunas in shelf and platform depositional environments.     

An Unusually Diverse Llandovery (Silurian) Diplograptid Fauna from the Southern Urals of Russia and Its Evolutionary Significance

This vesiculosus Biozone assemblage of chemically-isolated graptolites from the Orenburg District of Russia was obtained from limestones associated with pillow lavas of the Sakmara Formation of Silurian–Early Devonian age. It comprises 30 species, of which 24 are described. Nine are new, one is a new subspecies, and eight are left under open nomenclature. The assemblage is unique in its diversity of minute biserial graptolites referable to the genera ' Glyptograptus ', Normalograptus , Sudburigraptus , and Metaclimacograptus ; and is unusual in that well-preserved graptolite faunas are rare at this stratigraphical level, which is fixed by the occurrence of Cystograptus vesiculosus (Nicholson) s.l. and Paraclimacograptus innotatus (Nicholson). The following new forms are described: ' Glyptograptus ' tamariscus praecursor subsp. nov., G. mazovoensis sp. nov., G. nikitini sp. nov., G. pavlinovi sp. nov., G. telarius sp. nov., G. zimai sp. nov., Normalograptus legrandi sp. nov., N. melchini sp. nov., N. sobolevskayae sp. nov., and Metaclimacograptus bjerreskovae sp. nov. Five evolutionary lineages are defined within the ' Glyptograptus ' tamariscus (Nicholson) plexus, modifying and extending the pioneer work of Packham (1962). The diverse ' Glyptograptus ' faunas are considered to be a replacement for the Normalograptus fauna which peaked in the late Ordovician and early Silurian. Metaclimacograptus , although reasonably diverse in its speciation, exhibits a conservative style of evolution with little fundamental change throughout the Llandovery. It is suggested that cortical bandages have species-specific dimensions and micro-features. Some problematical micro- and ultrastructural features are described, notably fibrillar textures, parallel to the fusellar margins, in several species.     

Patellogastropoda and Vetigastropoda (Mollusca,Gastropoda) from the marine Jurassic of Patagonia,Argentina

Gastropod faunas from the Early Jurassic (Late Pliensbachian–Early Toarcian) marine deposits of Chubut Province, Argentina, are described from Lomas Occidentales, Cerro La Trampa and Puesto Currumil localities, representing eight species, three of them new. These are Scurriopsis? sp., Chartronella gradata sp. nov., Calliotropis? sp., Pleurotomaria sp., Leptomaria sp., Hamusina? wahnishae sp. nov., Colpomphalus musacchioi sp. nov. and Jurassiphorus? cf. triadicus Haas. The gastropod assemblage reported here testifies paleobiogeographical connections with other coeval gastropod associations from the western Tethys. However, Chartronella, Hamusina and Jurassiphorus may represent survivors of Triassic associations, considering the ancient seaway from Peru as the most plausible hypothesis for biotic exchange of these faunas during the Late Triassic–Early Jurassic boundary. An abundant and diverse invertebrate fauna such as corals, echinoderms, cephalopods, brachiopods, bivalves and other gastropods found in association with the gastropods described here characterises a shallow marine environment for the gastropod-bearing rocks.http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7B8EAFC0-3AC0-4F91-97A5-22AAC6A19909     

蒙古南戈壁泥盆纪(埃姆斯期-艾菲尔期)牙形刺

在蒙古南戈壁地区丘隆组(Chuluun Formation)和查干卡勒噶组(Tsagaankhaalga Formation)发现的牙形刺证明丘隆组的时代为晚埃姆斯期,查干卡勒噶组的时代为早艾菲尔期,与以前大化石所确定的时代一致。但艾菲尔阶的底界暂时还无法准确确定,蒙古南戈壁地区艾菲尔阶牙形刺动物群与同期北美的牙形刺动物群相似．但也包含一些地方性分子,蒙古海相艾菲尔期的沉积可能不完整。本文描述了2个命名新种．Caudicriodus delicatus sp. nov. , C. paraculicellus sp. nov. ,一个未命名新种,Caudicriodus sp. nov. A和一个新亚种,Cuadicriodus angustus cauda subsp, nov.。     

湖北宜昌乔家坪村寒武系水井沱组海绵动物化石群

海绵动物是最原始的动物门类之一,其演化史对于研究多细胞动物的起源和早期演化至关重要.现有的化石记录显示,水体较深的贫氧环境可能是寒武纪早期海绵动物演化的重要场所之一.前人在贵州、湖南、安徽等多地的斜坡至盆地相黑色页岩中已经报道了数个海绵化石群.在这样的环境中,由于水动力作用较弱,海绵骨架结构容易得到原位保存.湖北宜昌秭...     

Les brachiopodes carbonifères des Pyrénées centrales françaises: 2: Étude des Orthida et des Spiriferida; biostratigraphie,paléoécologie,paléobiogéographie

This paper follows the first part: Legrand-Blain &alii, 1983,Geobios, n^o 16, fasc. 3.The brachiopods here described from the «Culm are: Schizophoria cf. resupinata, Rhipidomella michelini, Actinoconchus aff. paradoxus, Lamellosathyris gr. lamellosa, Cleiothyridina (Leiothycridina) nov. sp. gr. okensis, Podtsheremia (s.l.) convenarum nov. sp., Neospirifer gr. derjawini, Anthracospirifer (?) sp., Brachythyrina (Anthracothyrina) perextensa nov. subgen., nov. sp., «Spirifer lujkiensis, Zaissania nov. sp., Kitakamithyris or Torynifer (?) sp., Martinia minima. From shales associated with the Ardengost limestones, slightly different faunas are: Podtsheremia (s.l.) convenarum (?), Anthracospirifer (?) sp., Brachythyrina (Anthracothyrina) bressoni nov. subgen., nov. sp., Phricodothyris mosquensis, Martinia buckmani.The brachiopods from Ardengost limestones andassociated shales, well dated, are of upper Serpukhovian age. The «Culm ones might be heterochroneous, with Serpukhovian and (?) Bashkirian elements. The paleoecology of the brachiopods from limestones and associated shales indicates moderate and low energy environments. The «Culm brachiopods display both resedimentation and delicate preservation features. There is evidence of rather close palaeobiogeographic relationships with the northern Sahara: during the late Serpukhovian, a «Sahara-Pyrénées region could be distinguished, at the western part of the vast Tethysian province.     

陕西凤县熊家山界河街组早石炭世牙形刺动物群

首次描述并图示了位于华北地台和华南地台之间的秦岭山脉中的早石炭世杜内阶上部的牙形刺。这一牙形刺动物群与欧洲杜内阶的牙形刺动物群非常相似。文中描述了两个新种:Pseudopolygnathusnodosussp.nov.和Pseudopolygnathusparamultistriatussp.nov.     

内蒙古达茂旗巴特敖包地区包尔汉图剖面牙形刺生物地层

内蒙古达茂旗(达尔罕茂明安联合旗)巴特敖包地区志留纪、泥盆纪碳酸岩相地层发育,本区珊瑚、腕足类、层孔虫等底栖大化石的研究工作已有一定基础。但志留纪、泥盆纪地层在时代确定和对比上还存在很多问题,必须用主导化石门类牙形刺加以解决。研究表明：包尔汉图剖面的顶部属泥盆系无疑,应归入阿鲁共组,而不是西别河组;巴特敖包地区的海侵,始于罗德洛统卢德福德阶(Ludfordian)早期。本剖面没有发现文洛克世和罗德洛世早期的海相沉积。本文描写了一个志留纪牙形刺新种：Ozarkodina uncrispa sp．nov．。     

Ichneumon wasps of the Khasurty locality in Transbaikalia (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)

One new genus and four new species of ichneumon wasps are described from the Lower Cretaceous of Buryatia (Khasurty locality): Amplicella mininae, sp. nov., A. shcherbakovi, sp. nov., A. bashkuyevi, sp. nov., Khasurtella buriatica, gen. et sp. nov. The species Tanychora sinensis Zhang, 1991 is transferred to the new genus Khasurtella. Similarity of the ichneumonid faunas of Khasurty and the Chinese localities Yixian and Laiyang indicates the age similarity between these localities. Identification key to genera and species of Tanychorinae is given.     

Trilobite faunas of the Duncannon Group: Caradoc stratigraphy,environments and palaeobiogeography of the Leinster Terrane,IReland

The Burrellian trilobite faunas of the Leinster terrane comprise at least 31 species from a spectrum of faunal associations. Strong faunal links with the Anglo-Welsh area confirm the likely close proximity of these parts of Avalonia during the mid Caradoc but together with existing magmatic and palaeomagnetic data, the Leinster faunas also indicate that the existing simple structural models of the relationship between these areas need to be reappraised. Of the 22 identifiable trilobite genera, eight are not known from equivalent or older horizons in the Anglo-Welsh area and indicate a significant link with Scoto-Appalachian faunas on the margins of Laurentia. This colonization by trilobites of Scoto-Appalachian origin may have been achieved by ‘volcanic island hopping’ across the shrinking Iapetus Ocean. The Leinster trilobites are therefore critical in documenting the breakdown of faunal provincialism and in fingerprinting the faunas and likely palaeogeographical setting of terranes now caught up in the Iapetus suture zone to the north. Eighteen species are described or discussed in detail including a new species of AmpyxinaA. hibernica sp. nov., a probable new species of Calyptaulax and revision of the M'Coy species Trinodus agnostiformis, Autoloxolichas laxatus, Flexicalymene forcipata Remopleurides platyceps.     

湘西晚寒武世多节类三叶虫新种及Erixanium属首次发现

文中描记 3个多节类三叶虫新种 :Hardyoidesdamaensissp .nov .,Meringaspisdamaensissp .nov .,andRhyssometopus (Rostrifinis)nitidussp .nov .,均产自湘西凤凰花桥组中部。同时描记首次在江南斜坡带中发现的Erixanium一属的保留命名种Erixaniumcf.E .sentum。Erixanium是全球性分布的多节类三叶虫 。     

‘Cambrian’ demosponges in the Ordovician of Morocco: Insights into the early evolutionary history of sponges

Cambrian spicular sponge faunas are dominated by a distinctive assemblage of demosponges and hexactinellids that are known from Burgess shale-type faunas worldwide. Most of these are previously unknown outside the Lower-Middle Cambrian (and perhaps Tremadoc) and have no obvious close relatives in later sequences. This paper describes examples of Choia sp., Pirania auraeum sp. nov. and Hamptonia christi sp. nov. from the Arenig of Morocco, associated with isolated hexactinellid spicules. A summary of the stratigraphic ranges of the major Cambrian sponge lineages is provided. These indicate an environmental contrast in the Lower Palaeozoic evolution of hexactinellids and non-lithistid demosponges, with demosponges probably undergoing cryptic diversification in nearshore environments during the Upper Ordovician.     

ORDOVICIAN (ARENIG–CARADOC) SYNTROPHIIDINE BRACHIOPODS FROM THE EAST BALTIC REGION

Abstract:  Syntrophiidine brachiopods are a rare and poorly known component of Ordovician Baltoscandian faunas. They appear in the East Baltic in the Billingenian (lower Arenig) as part of the earliest known benthic assemblages dominated by elements of the Palaeozoic Evolutionary Fauna. These faunal assemblages usually include bryozoans, ostracodes, and the earliest known porambonitoids, strophomenides and endopunctate orthides, such as Idiostrophia and Orthidium , which later became characteristic of the Whiterockian brachiopod assemblages in Laurentia, but by that time had disappeared from Baltica. The superfamily Syntrophioidea reappears in Baltoscandia in the mid Caradoc. In contrast, Porambonitoidea remained the integral part of the Baltoscandian brachiopod associations through the Ordovician. Porambonites , herein redefined on the basis of restudy of the type species P. intermedius , includes only smooth porambonitoids; taxa with the distinctive ornament of radiating rows of pits first appeared in the group in the mid Arenig. The taxa Eoporambonites gen. nov., Tetralobula peregrina sp. nov., Idiostrophia prima sp. nov. and Idiostrophia tenuicostata sp. nov. are erected.     

Brachiopods from the Jurassic (Callovian) of Hamakhtesh Hagadol (Kurnub Anticline), Southern Israel

The Callovian Zohar and Matmor formations in the Negev, southern Israel, consisting of marls, shales and limestones, have yielded 13 brachiopod species (2 rhynchonellids, 11 terebratulids), referred to 12 genera, of which one genus and five species are new: Apatecosia inornata, Bihenithyris mediocostata, Digonella boylani sp. nov., Dissoria bretti sp. nov., Burmirhynchia jirbaensis, Kutchithyris landeri sp. nov., Pleuraloma triangulatum, Polyplectella debriani gen. et sp. nov., Ptyctothyris daghaniensis, Somalirhynchia africana, Striithyris saudiarabica, S. telemi sp. nov., and Zeilleria sp. The brachiopods described herein from Hamakhtesh Hagadol (Kurnub Anticline) comprise a fauna located at the northernmost part of the Indo-African Faunal Realm within the Jurassic Ethiopian Province.     

The earliest atrypides and athyridides (Brachiopoda) from the Ordovician of Kazakhstan

The middle Ordovician brachiopod faunas of Kazakhstan provide one of the most complete records of the evolution and radiation of some of the oldest known spire-bearing brachiopods. By contrast with North American faunas, Kazakhstanian atrypide taxa mostly belong to the suborders Atrypidina and Lissatrypidina, whereas the suborder Anazygidina is completely absent. Kazakhstanian species referred previously to ZygospiraKuzgunia are reassigned to Sulcatospira, which appeared in the Caradoc Diplograptus multidensClimacograptus clingani biozones (Sulcatospira? praecursor and Sulcatospira prima sp. nov.). Primitive, and possibly the oldest known Athyridida also appeared in Kazakhstan sometime during the Caradoc (Kellerella misiusi sp. nov.) and became widespread in brachiopod assemblages developed in carbonate mud mounds. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the early divergence of the Anazygidina, Atrypidina and Athyridida, which probably evolved independently from various primitive smooth Lissatrypidina. The new atrypide subfamily Pectenospirinae and two new atrypide genera (Rozmanospira gen. nov. and Pectenospira gen. nov. with P. pectenata sp. nov. as type species) are erected.     

Eocene siliceous sponges from the Ebro Basin (Catalonia, Spain)

The Eocene (Bartonian) marls of the La Guixa Member and Gurb Member, Vic Marls Formation (Ebro Basin, Catalonia, Spain), contain a very rich and diversified siliceous sponge fauna. The fauna is dominated by hexactinellids; lithistids and other demosponges are rare. It consists of 16 species representing 16 genera. Eleven new species and two new genera are proposed for these sponges: Reguantella cavernosa nov. gen. nov. sp., Regadrella concinna nov. sp. (both Hexactinellida, Lyssacinosa), Eurete clava nov. sp., Pleuroguettardia iberica nov. sp., Aphrocallistes almeriae nov. sp., Hexactinella informis nov. sp. (all Hexactinellida, Hexactinosa), Brachiolites munterensis nov. sp., Centrosia viquensis nov. sp., Callicylix eocenicus nov. sp., Rhizocheton robustus nov. sp. (all Hexactinellida, Lychniscosa), Propetrosia pristina nov. gen. nov. sp. (Demospongia, Haplosclerida). Some genera of sponges in this fauna are still extant, but, in general, the predominant ones are very close in morphology, and, without doubt, closely related to the Late Cretaceous sponges. This fauna also differs considerably, in terms of composition, from most other described faunas of Tertiary sponges from the Mediterranean region, which are dominated by lithistid sponges. Lithistid sponges are rare in this investigated assemblage, which seems most similar to an as yet undescribed Eocene fauna from Italy. There is ecological differentiation in the proportions of particular sponges in various outcrops and/or stratigraphical levels that is clearly associated with water-depth-related controlling factor(s): Munter, Tona and Sta. Cecilia represent the deepest facies, Gurb is intermediate, and St. Roc and Vespella are the most shallow. The exact bathymetric position of the sponge fauna is difficult to estimate, but it seems that 100 m (but probably 200 m and more in the case of the deepest parts) of water depth may be inferred for this facies.     

Olenekian brachiopods from the Kamenushka River basin,South Primorye: New data on the brachiopod recovery after the end-Permian mass extinction

The brachiopods (e.g., Heterelasma sp. nov., Uniplicatorhynchia sp. nov., Quadratirhynchia sp., and Sphriganaria sp.) discovered from the Olenekian deposits of the Kamenushka River basin and Russky Island, South Primorye, allow refining the information on the stratigraphic range of the relevant families and recovery of the biota after the Late Permian mass extinction. A new terebratulid genus, Bittnerithyris gen. nov., and a new rhynchonellid species, Piarorhynchella tazawai sp. nov., are established.     

Tabulate Corals after the Frasnian/Famennian Crisis: A Unique Fauna from the Holy Cross Mountains,Poland

Famennian tabulate corals were very rare worldwide, and their biodiversity was relatively low. Here we report a unique tabulate fauna from the mid- and late Famennian of the western part of the Holy Cross Mountains (Kowala and Ostrówka), Poland. We describe eight species (four of them new, namely ?Michelinia vinni sp. nov., Thamnoptychia mistiaeni sp. nov., Syringopora kowalensis sp. nov. and Syringopora hilarowiczi sp. nov.); the whole fauna consists of ten species (two others described in previous papers). These corals form two assemblages—the lower, mid-Famennian with Thamnoptychia and the upper, late Famennian with representatives of genera ?Michelinia, Favosites, Syringopora and ?Yavorskia. The Famennian tabulates from Kowala represent the richest Famennian assemblage appearing after the F/F crisis (these faunas appear some 10 Ma after the extinction event). Corals described here most probably inhabited deeper water settings, near the limit between euphotic and disphotic zones or slightly above. At generic level, these faunas show similarities to other Devonian and Carboniferous faunas, which might suggest their ancestry to at least several Carboniferous lineages. Tabulate faunas described here represent new recruits (the basin of the Holy Cross mountains was not a refuge during the F/F crisis) and have no direct evolutionary linkage to Frasnian faunas from Kowala. The colonization of the seafloor took place in two separate steps: first was monospecific assemblage of Thamnoptychia, and later came the diversified Favosites-Syringopora-Michelinia fauna.     

河南叶县下寒武统辛集组单板类和腹足类化石的研究

本文描述和讨论了河南叶县杨寺庄下寒武统辛集组单板类１３种,腹足类２种,未定类１种。其中包括２新属６新种：Ｒｅｐｅｎｏｃｏｎｕｓ ｘｉｎｊｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｓｃｅｎｅｌｌａ ｐｙｃｎａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｓｅｃｕｒｉｃｏｎｕｓ ｖｕｌｇａｒｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｏｂｔｕｓｏｃｎｕｓ ｇｒｏｓｓｉｃｏｓｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｉｇｏｒｅｌｌｉｎａ ｐｒｏｂｏｓｃｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｇａｌ