分子分类的若干问题

本文简要介绍了分子分类学中的几个重要问题：即,（１）分子分类法的优点及其局限性;（２）分子树和物种树的关系;（３）分子种与分子分类法的关系;（４）核酸序列数据与蛋白质序列数据之比较;（５）ＭＰ、ＮＪ和ＭＬ法之比较;（６）分子树的可靠性。另外还简要介绍了两个分子分类软件,ＰＨＹＬＩＰ和ＣＬＵＳＴＡＬＶ。     

植物基因家族的分子进化

植物基因家族的分子进化曾庆平,郭勇（华南理工大学生物工程系,广州５１０６４１）关键词基因家族,同源性,分子进化,生物工程建立基因数据库与计算机检索程序使不同基因之间的碱基序列同源性的比较成为可能,同时也有助于进行基因的分子起源与进化以及蛋白质结构与功...     

分子伴侣 SecB 基因和人淋巴毒素基因在大肠杆菌中的共表达

分子伴侣ＳｅｃＢ基因和人淋巴毒素基因在大肠杆菌中的共表达周颖张青殷长传宋大新陈永青（复旦大学微生物学系和遗传研究所上海２００４３３）分子伴侣（Ｃｈａｐｅｒｏｎｅ）是细胞内催化及维持其他蛋白质正确构象的一类蛋白质分子［１,２］。研究表明,分子伴...     

分子语言学的形成和发展

分子语言学的形成和发展张平波刘堰高峰（西南师范大学生命科学系,重庆４００７１５）分子语言学（Ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｌｉｎｇｕｉｓｔｉｃｓ）是研究基因核苷酸顺序和蛋白质氨基酸顺序中所含信息的一门学问。它是伴随“人类基因组计划”的提出和实施而形成和发展的,是...     

结构互补是分子间相互作用的本质：——兼论分子设计

结构互补是分子间相互作用的本质──兼论分子设计王克夷（中国科学院上海生物化学研究所,上海２０００３１）关键词互补结构,分子设计尽管生物科学的各种学科对分子或物质有不同的分类方法,但是,都对它们的结构和功能的关系这一共同问题感兴趣。最近几年,除了基因的...     

应用PDR—SSCP技术快速检测我国水稻条纹病毒的分子变异

应用PCR－SSCP技术快速检测我国水稻条纹病毒病害特异性蛋白（SP）基因和外壳蛋白（CP）基因的分子变异。结果发现我国水稻条纹病毒7个分离物之间存在广泛的变异,其中,PJ分离物的SP基因和JD分离物的CP基因不能扩增出来,能扩增出的6个分离物的CP基因变性电泳后带各不相同,但SP基因表现出5种带型,其中云南省的YL和BS分离物带型一样。     

无脊椎动物免疫分子多态性

 一般认为,非特异性免疫分子由于胚系基因种类有限而不具备多态性.但近年来人们发现,脊椎动物γ/δ T 细胞受体、B1细胞受体、某些固有免疫成分,以及无脊椎动物的某些免疫球蛋白超家族（immunoglobulin superfamily,IgSF）分子、抗菌肽和模式识别受体（pattern recognition receptors,PRR）等同样具有较高程度的多态性.与特异性免疫分子相似,其多态性形成机制主要为基因组水平的基因重排、单核苷酸多态性、DNA 突变和 mRNA 水平的外显子可变剪接.该多态性的出现可能是无脊椎动物的一种适应性进化,其应为低等生物特异性识别和防御不同病原微生物感染的分子基础. 本文就无脊椎动物免疫分子多态性的最新研究进展及其可能的形成机制与意义进行概述.     

分子生药学：一门新兴的边缘学科

分子生药学为生药学与分子生物学有机融合形成的新兴边缘学科。本文分析了分子生药学产生的背景、意义,介绍了分子生药学的研究内容,包括：生药分子鉴定、药用动植物的系统进化、药用动植物种质资源的评估及保存、药用动植物濒危机制及保护、药用植物活性成分的生物合成及调控、药用动植物的道地性及分子机理。认为分子生药学具有以下学科特色：（1）研究领域广泛,学科综合性很强;（2）次生代谢产物积累的研究贯穿分子生药学;（3）研究对象丰富多样,模式植物构建困难较大。简要介绍了分子生药学的常用技术方法,主要包括：DNA分析技术（分子杂交、分子标记技术、基因芯片、基因22程技术）、蛋白质分析技术、生物转化技术。指出分子生药学学科的发展呈现以下趋势：（1）学科理论体系进一步完善;（2）应用实践进一步加强;（3）生药资源永续利用的需求及技术发展导致特色领域成为热点,主要表现为分子鉴定稳步发展,biocoding成为分子鉴定的重要方向;次生代谢产物相关的功能基因组研究异军突起;基因组学、蛋白组学、代谢组学研究结果的整合和分析成为新热点;核心种质构建形成新思路和新方法。     

分子标记在作物育种中的应用

近20年来发展了多种分子标记,使作物育种学家有可能直接根据基因型而不只是表现型进行选择,在作物育种的各个方面具有重要的利用价值。本文简要综述了分子标记在作物育种方面的有关应用。主要内容有：（1）分子图谱构建与基因定位;（2）DNA指纹库的建立;（3）标记辅助选择;（4）F1杂种优势分析;（5）基于图谱克隆基因。     

作物基因聚合分子育种

基因聚合分子育种与常规育种技术相结合已成为今后作物育种的主流方向。基因聚合分子育种主要包括遗传转化基因聚合分子育种和分子标记筛选基因聚合分子育种。本文简要综述了近年来作物基因聚合分子育种的研究进展,分析了遗传转化基因聚合分子育种以及分子标记基因聚合分子育种技术的研究方法及基因聚合分子育种存在的问题。     

分子动力学模拟与分子生物力学

生物大分子的微观结构动力学决定其生物学功能,其力学-化学耦合规律是分子生物力学的重点关注方向。分子动力学模拟是耦合生物大分子力学-化学性质微观结构动力学基础的有效手段,其结果可用于预测结构-功能关系、指导实验设计和诠释实验结果。本文简要介绍了分子动力学模拟的方法学特点、基本工作原理及其在分子生物力学中的应用,并展望了未来可能的发展方向和应用前景。     

Correlated Flexible Molecular Coding and Molecular Evolvability

Evolvability of biopolymers is based on molecular coding. The molecular coding is represented by biopolymer function vs monomeric sequence relationship, that is, a proper fitness landscape on the sequence space. On the other hand, molecular coding is mostly realized by monomeric sequence vs biopolymer structure relationship. We suggest the evolution of evolvability based on flexible or multiplex coding originating from flexible or polymorphic conformation of evolving biopolymers. We report a finding supporting that the amino acid landscape of the standard genetic code for an amino acid property which is more important to the protein function gives higher value of an evolvability measure. We developed a promising molecular construct which realized genotype-phenotype linking in order to study the in vitroprotein evolution to clarify above mentioned protein evolvability.     

Molecular drive

The review of the concept of molecular drive developed by Dover is presented. The ideas on the possible role of non-coding DNA are described and the duplication of genes as the fundamental factor preceding the appearance of the gene, which possesses a new function are characterized. The non-Mendelian processes--the non-equal crossing-over and the conversion of genes are considered. Molecular drive includes both these phenomena and the transposition of genes. The examples of drive are presented. Drive can be considered as the fundamental molecular mechanism of speciation and macroevolution. Evolution at molecular level is directly connected with the non-constancy of the genome and is non-Mendelian and non-Darwinian. Both the coding and non-coding DNA can serve as material for evolution.     

Molecular Entomology

正Molecular Entomology (ISSN 1925-198X) is an international, open access, peer reviewed journal, committed to publishing and disseminating significant original achievements pertaining to molecular entomology. All papers chosen for publication should be innovative research work in the related field, including genome structure of insects, gene expression and     

Molecular organisms

Protistology, and evolutionary protistology in particular, is experiencing a golden research era. It is an extended one that can be dated back to the 1970s, which is when the molecular rebirth of microbial phylogeny began in earnest. John Archibald, a professor of evolutionary microbiology at Dalhousie University (Nova Scotia, Canada), focuses on the beautiful story of endosymbiosis in his book, John Archibald, One Plus One Equals One: Symbiosis and the Origin of Complex Life (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014). However, this historical narrative could be treated as synecdochal of how the molecular revolution has changed evolutionary biology forever, and that is how Archibald has structured his book. I will address the encompassing theme of molecular methods in detail, but also pay careful attention to the endosymbiosis thread in its own right.     

Molecular Entomology

正Molecular Entomology(ISSN 1925-198X)is an international,open access,peer reviewed journal,committed to publishing and disseminating significant original achievements pertaining to molecular entomology.All papers chosen for publication should be innovative research work in the related field,including genome structure of insects,gene expression and     

Molecular Entomology

正Molecular Entomology(ISSN 1925-198X)is an international,open access,peer reviewed journal,committed to publishing and disseminating significant original achievements pertaining to molecular entomology.All papers chosen for publication should be innovative research work in the related field,including genome structure of insects,gene expression and     

Molecular Entomology

正Molecular Entomology(ISSN 1925-198X)is an international,open access,peer reviewed journal,committed to publishing and disseminating significant original achievements pertaining to molecular entomology.All papers chosen for publication should be innovative     

Molecular Entomology

正Molecular Entomology(ISSN 1925-198X)is an international,open access,peer reviewed journal,committed to publishing and disseminating significant original achievements pertaining to molecular entomology.All papers chosen for publication should be innovative research work in the related field,including genome structure of insects,gene expression and