青岛文昌鱼S-腺苷高半胱氨酸水解酶基因表达载体的构建及表达纯化

为了在原核细胞中表达青岛文昌鱼Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtaunese S-腺苷高半胱氨酸水解酶(S-adeno-sylhomocysteine hydrolase,SAHH),采取构建文昌鱼SAHH基因的原核表达重组质粒pGEX-6P-1-SAHH的方法,转化入大肠杆菌JMl09感受态细胞中,IPTG诱导蛋白表达,并进行分离纯化.结果经SDS-PAGE分析,重组质粒在JM109中表达并纯化得到的融合蛋白大约为70 kDa,成功构建了文昌鱼SAHH基因原核表达载体,且重组载体表达出融合蛋白,分离纯化得到目的蛋白.     

S-腺苷高半胱氨酸水解酶的晶体结构及其催化机制

AdoHcy水解酶是一重要的广谱抗病毒药物靶标,对其结构,特别是三维空间结构的研究,有助于深入了解和阐述其功能,并为实现基于靶标结构的药物设计和筛选奠定基础。该文介绍近年来有关AdoHcy水解酶晶体结构的研究成果。     

落地生根S-腺苷高半胱氨酸水解酶基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

为了解落地生根(Kalanchoe daigremontiana)的SAHH基因功能,采用RACE技术从其叶片克隆了SAHH的全长c DNA序列,命名为Kd SAHH。结果表明,Kd SAHH全长为1748 bp,含1458 bp完整的开放阅读框(ORF),推测编码485个氨基酸。预测落地生根SAHH蛋白分子量约为53 k Da,理论等电点为5.59~5.682。Scanprostie和DNAstar预测表明,落地生根SAHH蛋白在进化上非常保守,与苜蓿的亲缘关系较近。以黄羽扇豆为模板,利用SWISS-MODLE和Phyre程序模拟的落地生根SAHH蛋白亚基三维结构有一定差异。这些为落地生根Kd SAHH的表达和功能研究奠定了基础。     

真菌Mucor amphibiorum RCS1中一个类S-腺苷-L-高半胱氨酸水解酶基因的蓝光诱导表达

【目的】确定真菌Mucor amphibiorum RCS1中一个类S-腺苷-L-高半胱氨酸水解酶基因(S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase-like,sahhl)受蓝光诱导表达。【方法】以真菌M.amphibiorum RCS1为研究对象,在随机PCR过程中从中获得了一段555 bp长度的DNA序列。以地高辛对这段已知序列进行标记制备探针,通过Northern杂交检测M.amphibiorum RCS1菌丝体培养过程中,由黑暗到蓝光再到黑暗这一光照条件改变的情况下,sahhl基因的转录情况。同时结合应用real-time PCR方法进行分析检测。【结果】经过比对确定这段555bp序列与已经发表的人(Homo sapiens)、家鼠(Mus musculus)和部分真菌的S-腺苷-L-高半胱氨酸水解酶基因sahh有较高的同源性。因此,初步确认这段mRNA序列来自M.amphibiorum RCS1的一个类S-腺苷-L-高半胱氨酸水解酶基因。sahhl基因在黑暗预培养24 h的情况下,蓝光诱导24 h时通过Northern杂交和real-time PCR均可从菌丝体中检测到sahhl基因的大量转录。但sahhl基因在黑暗预培养48 h的情况下,通过real-time PCR没有检测到sahhl基因的大量表达。【结论】上述结果说明,蓝光可以诱导M.amphibiorum RCS1中生长旺盛的菌丝体中sahhl基因的表达。     

储存条件对表达马铃薯甲虫腺苷高半胱氨酸水解酶基因dsRNA的大肠杆菌生物活性的影响

【目的】将RNA干扰应用于害虫防治领域,通过饲喂表达ds RNA的转基因植物或表达ds RNA的细菌,可沉默特定基因进而控制害虫,为农业害虫防治开辟一个新领域。而表达ds RNA的细菌能否有效储存是决定此项技术实际应用的关键。【方法】用﹣20℃冻存的表达马铃薯甲虫腺苷高半胱氨酸水解酶(SAHase)ds RNA的大肠杆菌E.coli,饲喂马铃薯甲虫Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say)2龄幼虫,检测不同时间储存、灭活与否的活性变化,明确其储存条件。【结果】大肠杆菌﹣20℃储存24 h后生物活性优于新鲜菌,储存48 h后效果减弱,而载体大肠杆菌是否灭活对活性影响不大。【结论】ds RNA大肠杆菌发酵液在﹣20℃条件下可以短暂储存。     

南极嗜冷假单胞菌7197 S- 腺苷同型半胱氨酸水解酶( SAHH) 基因的克隆与序列分析

从南极普利兹湾深海沉积物中筛选到一株耐冷菌株7197,其16S rDNA序列分析表明该菌株属于假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）。作者通过设计引物,从该菌的全基因组DNA中克隆到编码S-腺苷-L-高半胱氨酸（SAHH）的完整ORF,全长为1424bp。使用DNAMAN（5,1）软件对全长ORF为1424bp的SAHH基因进行分析,SAHH基因编码一个由474AA残基组成、分子量预计为52523Da的SAHH蛋白质,与Psychrobacter sp．273—4的SAHH有96．84％的相似性;与Acinetobacter sp．ADP1的SAHH有79％的相似性;与Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5的SAHH有75％的相似性。     

青岛文昌鱼LIM类同源模型基因反义寡核苷酸对其胚胎发育的影响

研究了青岛文昌鱼ＬＩＭ类同源框基因Ｂｂｌｉｍ反义寡核苷酸对文昌鱼胚胎发育的影响。根据已克隆的Ｂｂｌｉｍ基因序列,设计并合成了对应于该基因同源框区的两条反义寡核苷酸链,用电脉冲方法将其导入文昌鱼受精卵。结果表明：反义寡核苷酸与随机序列寡核苷酸都不影响胚胎细胞分裂,而反义寡核苷酸能掏胚胎细胞Ｂｂｌｉｍ基因的表达。还发现只存在于导入反义寡核苷酸的幼体中的两种畸形－一是在幼体的腹侧近咽部有一圆形突起的结构     

青岛文昌鱼过氧化氢酶基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)是一类广泛存在于动物、植物和微生物体内的末端氧化酶,是生物体内抗氧化酶体系的重要成员,因此本研究旨在克隆文昌鱼CAT基因并对其进行生物信息学分析。本研究以青岛文昌鱼(Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense)为材料,用RACE技术首次克隆了其CAT全长cDNA的基因序列,命名为AmphiCAT(GenBank登录号:KU058636);该序列总长为2640 bp,开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)为1533 bp,编码510个氨基酸,含有一个长为19个氨基酸序列的潜在活性位点和一个长为9个氨基酸序列的血红素配体信号,总分子量在线预测约为57.85 kD;经生物软件分析确定该蛋白质无信号肽序列,预测该蛋白质为非分泌性蛋白,属于单功能CAT的clade3分支;该基因的分子进化树表明青岛文昌鱼CAT同软体动物的亲缘关系较近。     

阻断消耗途径提高毕赤酵母工程菌S-腺苷甲硫氨酸产量

【背景】S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosyl-L-methionine, SAM)作为所有生物体内的重要中间代谢物,不仅可作为膳食补充剂,还具有良好的临床应用价值。【目的】将毕赤酵母重组菌GS115/DS16的SAM消耗途径阻断,进一步提高SAM的产量。【方法】分别敲除毕赤酵母重组菌GS115/DS16的S-腺苷同型半胱氨酸水解酶基因sah1、S-腺苷甲硫氨酸脱羧酶基因spe2和L-甲硫氨酰tRNA合酶基因msm1,构建工程菌G/Dsah、G/Dspe和G/Dmsm。检测3个工程菌的生长和SAM产量,以及L-Met添加量对SAM积累的影响。【结果】与出发菌GS115/DS16相比,工程菌G/Dsah、G/Dspe和G/Dmsm的单位菌体SAM产量分别提高了29.3%、55.6%和24.8%,其生长无显著差异。L-Met添加量优化后(0.06%),G/Dsah和G/Dmsm单位菌体的SAM产量分别提高了26.4%和28.9%。【结论】构建的毕赤酵母工程菌可用于SAM的工业化生产,该代谢工程策略可用于改进其他化学品的生产。     

ycaCR基因在文昌鱼早期胚胎表达研究

文昌鱼作为现存的与脊椎动物最接近的无脊椎动物,一直被作为研究生物进化和胚胎发育的典型材料.利用整体原位杂交方法对从文昌鱼肠cDNA文库克隆到的ycaCR基因进行基因的胚胎表达模式研究,结果显示该基因在早期胚胎发育阶段没有表达,在2天幼虫的原始消化道表达,暗示ycaCR基因可能在原始消化道内发挥生物学作用.     

Consecutive Spawnings of Chinese Amphioxus,Branchiostoma belcheri,in Captivity

Cephalochordate amphioxus is a promising model animal for studying the evolutionary and developmental mechanisms of vertebrates because its unique phylogenetic position, simple body plan and sequenced genome. However, one major drawback for using amphioxus as a model organism is the restricted supply of living embryos since they are available only during spawning season that varies from a couple of days to several months according to species. Therefore we are aiming to develop methods for obtaining viable amphioxus embryos in non-spawning season. In the current study, we found that Branchiostoma belcheri could develop their gonads and spawn consecutively in the laboratory when cultured in a low density at a high temperature (25–28°C) supplied with sufficient food and proper cleanness. Among the approximate 150 observed animals, which spawned spontaneously between November and December 2011, 10% have spawned twice, 10% three times, and 80% four times, through April 2012. The quality and quantity of the gametes reproduced in the consecutive spawning have no obvious difference with those spawned once naturally. Spawning intervals varied dramatically both among different animals (from 1 to 5 months) and between intervals of a single individual (from 27 to 74 days for one animal). In summary, we developed a method with which, for the first time, consecutive spawnings of amphioxus in captivity can be achieved. This has practical implications for the cultivation of other amphioxus species, and eventually will greatly promote the utilization of amphioxus as a model system.     

Ultrastructure and function of follicle cell in the ovary of Branchiostoma belcheri

The ultrastructure of follicle cells in the ovary at different developmental stages of Branchiostoma has been observed in detail with a transmission electron microscope. The results indicate that only one kind of follicle cell exists with structural features related to steroid hormone biosynthesis: (i) oval or round mitochondria with tubules; (ii) smooth surfaced endoplasmic reticulum; (iii) several large lipid droplets in the cytoplasm; (iv) a well de-veloped Golgi complex and tubular rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, as can be found in mammalian theca interna cells. In addition, as steroid hormone synthesizing cells, they obviously play an important role in the phagocytosis of relict gametes and cellular debris and may have a nutritive function for the oocytes. They can produce abundant secre-tory granules in stages III-IV ovaries. In mature ovaries they transform into flat epithelial cells with numerous micro-filaments which may play a role in ovulation.     

Characterization and tissue-specific expression of phosphatidylcholine transfer protein gene from amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri

An amphioxus cDNA, encoding phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (AmphiPCTP), was identified for the first time from the gut cDNA library of Branchiostoma belcheri. It contains a 660-bp open reading frame corresponding to a deduced protein of 219 amino acids. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that AmphiPCTP clustered with PCTP subgroup of PCTP subfamily containing steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)-related lipid transfer (START) domains. AmphiPCTP had an exon-intron organization similar to that of human and rat PCTP genes in terms of both exon number and sequence homology of each exon, suggesting that PCTP has probably maintained a similar function in both amphioxus and mammalian species. Both in situ hybridization histochemistry and whole-mount in situ hybridization revealed a tissue-specific expression pattern of AmphiPCTP with the high levels in the hepatic caecum and primitive gut, including the region where the hepatic caecum will form later during development. This apparently agrees with the hypothesis that amphioxus hepatic caecum is equivalent to vertebrate liver. These results suggest a conserved role of PCTPs in amphioxus as well as mammalian species. This work was supported by National Science Foundation of China (NSFC; 30470203) and Ministry of Education of China (200404023014).     

原位杂交检测斯氏肺吸虫童虫半胱氨酸蛋白酶的基因表达部位

目的 从基因水平研究半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因在斯氏肺吸虫童虫的表达,并进行虫体定位。方法 利用地高辛标记原位杂交技术检测半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因在斯氏肺吸虫童虫的表达并定位。结果 在斯氏肺吸虫童虫的肠管上皮细胞中呈强阳性着色,在虫体皮层细胞中有弱阳性着色。结论 半胱氨酸蛋白酶主要在斯氏肺吸虫童虫的肠管上皮细胞中表达,在虫体皮层细胞中也有弱表达。