正交试验优化天麻超声波提取工艺的研究

为了优化天麻素的提取工艺,本研究采用超声法提取天麻素,以天麻素含量为指标,在单因素筛选基础上,采用正交试验优化提取工艺,选择料液比、提取次数和提取时间3个影响因素,每个因素3个水平进行正交试验。结果表明,最优提取工艺组合为:提取时间20min、料液比1∶15和提取次数2次;按照此工艺平行制备3批样品,天麻素的提取率为(0.339±0.13)%。     

正交试验法优化菊花中总黄酮的提取工艺研究

研究了菊花中总黄酮的提取工艺。以总黄酮浸提量为考察指标,在单因素试验基础上,采用L_9(3~4)正交试验法,对乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取时间和提取温度等条件进行优化,筛选出最优提取工艺。菊花中总黄酮物质的最优提取工艺为:乙醇体积分数70%,料液比1∶23 (w/v),提取时间140 min,提取温度70℃,提取次数2次,总黄酮的浸提量为28.11 mg/g。该工艺操作简单、重复性好,且对菊花中总黄酮有较高的提取量,可为工业生产提供一定的理论依据。     

正交试验法研究决明子提取工艺

采用正交试验法优选出了决明子中蒽醌衍生物的最佳提取工艺条件为：50％乙醇水为浸提剂;固液比1：5,提取温度70℃,提取时间2h。总蒽醌衍生物的产率为0．83％。如果采用醋酸酸化预处理工艺,可使蒽醌衍生物(抗癌、抗菌有效部位)的产率增加0．19％。通过溶剂萃取和沉淀分离得到两大有效部位：脂溶性部位(蒽醌衍性物)和水溶性部位(蒽醌甙类)。     

正交试验法优化半夏多糖的提取工艺

目的:建立半夏多糖的最佳提取工艺.方法:采刚水提醇沉法,以多糖提取率为指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定半夏多糖的最住提取工艺条件.结果:最佳水提条件为料液比1:30,70℃提取1h,提取3次,最佳醇沉工艺条件为醇沉浓度70%,静置时间12h.在此条件下,半夏多糖的提取率为13.68%.结论:该工艺简便,重复性好,多糖的提取率高.     

正交试验优选艾叶总黄酮索氏提取工艺

采用正交试验法,对艾叶总黄酮索氏提取工艺进行考察,确定艾叶总黄酮最优提取工艺。结果发现,以总黄酮得率作为考察指标,艾叶中总黄酮的最佳提取条件为:料液比为1∶35,浸提温度为80℃,浸提时间为3h,乙醇体积分数为70%,艾叶总黄酮得率高达3.85%。     

天胡荽属药用植物的积雪草苷与羟基积雪草苷的含量测定

目的:建立天胡荽属植物的积雪草苷和羟基积雪草苷HPLC含量分析的方法,为开发利用天胡荽属植物药用资源奠定基础。方法:以积雪草苷和羟基积雪草苷为指标成分,采用高效液相色谱法,以Symmetry C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)为色谱柱;乙腈-水(29∶71,v/v)为流动相;流速0.8 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长210 nm,外标法进行测定。结果:积雪草苷的回归方程为:Y=34 958X+154 822 R2=0.999 1(n=8),羟基积雪草苷的回归方程为:Y=114 318X-21 002 R2=0.999 2(n=8),结果表明线性关系与分离度良好,平均加样回收率为99.98%、100.53%,RSD为1.86%、2.31%。结论:该方法稳定性、重复性良好,可做为天胡荽属药用资源的评价方法之一,实验结果为野生与栽培资源的开发与利用奠定了基础。     

苦瓜中苦瓜甾苷的提取工艺研究

本研究通过单因素实验和正交实验,采用HPTLC检测方法,以苦瓜甾苷浸提量为考察指标,对影响苦瓜甾苷提取效果的各因素进行了研究。结果表明各因素对苦瓜甾苷提取效果的影响程度从高到低依次为:乙醇浓度>固液比>浸提时间>浸提温度。确定了苦瓜甾苷的最佳提取工艺参数为乙醇浓度80%,浸提温度55℃,浸提时间5h,固液比1:10。     

赤芍中芍药苷提取工艺的优化

本文提出一条从赤芍中提取芍药苷的工艺,包括醇水溶液回流提取、液液分配、硅胶柱层析等工序,并对各工序的操作条件进行了优化。采用优化后的提取工艺,可得到纯度大于97.0%的芍药苷产品,总回收率超过87.0%。本工艺具有产品纯度高、操作简单、成本低、回收率高、易于工业化等优点。     

高效液相法同时测定大鼠脑组织中积雪草苷和羟基积雪草苷浓度

目的:建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)同时测定脑组织中积雪草苷和羟基积雪草苷浓度的方法。方法:大鼠尾静脉注射积雪草苷、羟基积雪草苷和积雪草总苷,30 min后用生理盐水进行心脏灌注,去除脑组织中残留血液,取脑组织,经甲醇沉淀蛋白后,利用HPLC测定脑组织中积雪草苷和羟基积雪草苷浓度。结果:积雪草苷和羟基积雪草苷在0.5-12μg/mL线性关系良好,定量下限为0.5μg/mL,日内和日间精密度(RSD)均小于15%,准确度(RE)在-5.25%-9.16%,提取回收率在70.54%-102.61%。结论:该方法符合生物样品测定要求,可以同时测定大鼠脑组织中积雪草苷和羟基积雪草苷的浓度。     

正交试验法优选伴抗宁口服液的闪式提取工艺

目的优选伴抗宁口服液的闪式提取工艺。方法采用正交试验法,以苯酚-硫酸比色法测定总多糖的含量为评价指标。采用闪式提取法提取中药材。结果伴抗宁口服液的最佳闪式提取工艺条件为药材用12倍量的水浸泡3 h,提取时间为1 m in,提取电压180 V。供试品平均回收率为99.27%（n=5）,RSD%为1.37。结论伴抗宁口服液的提取工艺方法经济、简单、稳定,可行质量可控。     

正交实验研究白刺种子尿囊素提取工艺

利用高效液相色谱法测定尿囊素的含量,本文采用正交实验,对白刺种子尿囊素的提取工艺进行了优化.结果表明各因素对尿囊素的提取效果的影响程度为乙醇浓度＞温度＞料液比＞提取时间＞提取次数.从而确定白刺种子中尿囊素的最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度为60%,料液比为1∶12(W/V),提取温度为80℃,提取时间为1 h,重复提取3次.     

积雪草活性成分的分析方法及药理作用研究进展

就近年来国内外对积雪草的化学成分、提取纯化、分析检测方法和药理活性的研究进展作了综述,为积雪草的进一步开发利用提供科学依据。     

Isolation and characterization of squalene synthase cDNA fromcentella asiatica (L) urban

We have cloned and characterized a gene for squalene synthase (SQS) fromCentella asiatica (L) Urban, a species that produces a large quantity of triterpene saponins such as asiaticoside and madecassoside. Its full-length cDNA clone was isolated by RACE PCR. The sequence ofpSQS contains an open reading frame of 1248 nucleotides, which code for 416 amino acids with a molecular mass of 47.3 kDa. Southern analysis revealed that one copy might exist in the C.asiatica genome. We also determined that 0.1 mM methyl jasmonate was sufficient to up-regulate those levels ofCaSQS mRNA.     

Phytoremediation of iron from red soil of tropical region by using Centella asiatica

The accumulation and removal efficiency of Fe by Centella asiatica was carried out at various Fe concentrations in soil treatments (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg Fe/kg soil). Iron accumulation in different parts of C. asiatica (leaf, stem and root) was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Factorial experiment with a completely randomized design and Duncan's test were used for data analyses. The results revealed that C. asiatica have the ability to uptake and accumulate Fe significantly (p < 0.05; r = 0.977) in the aerial parts. The different soil treatments had significant effect on the total Fe accumulations in C. asiatica (p < 0.05). The potential of C. asiatica as a metal hyperaccumulator plant, harvested for analysis, shows efficient accumulation of Fe at high concentration (p < 0.05; r = 0.977). The root showed the highest accumulation of Fe followed by the leaves (p < 0.05) and the stem (p < 0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficient between leaves and root have showed highly significant correlation (p < 0.01; r = 0.785) as compared to the leaves and stem (p < 0.01; r = 0.780). The efficiency of Fe removal by C. asiatica from the contaminated soil has been evaluated by bioconcentration factor and translocation factor, found to be >1 and <1, respectively, further supporting its metal hyperaccumulator properties.     

克隆整合对异质性盐分胁迫下积雪草生长的影响

以匍匐茎草本克隆植物积雪草(Centella asiatica)为材料进行盆栽试验,研究了克隆整合特性对异质性盐分胁迫条件下植物生长的影响。试验中将远端分株(较幼分株)分别处于盐分胁迫或正常土壤条件下,切断或保持其与近端分株(较老分株)间的匍匐茎连接。结果表明：盐分胁迫下,克隆整合提高了受胁迫远端分株和整个克隆片断的叶面积和生物量等生长指标;与未遭受盐分胁迫处理相比,匍匐茎连接处理导致远端分株的根冠比显著降低。克隆整合还减轻了盐分胁迫对分株的叶绿素含量和光化学效率的影响,但盐分胁迫下,匍匐茎连接处理远端分株的净光合速率与匍匐茎切断处理远端分株并无显著差异,连接受胁迫的远端分株并没有引起近端分株生物量的明显损耗以及光合速率的补偿性提高。总之,克隆整合促进了积雪草遭受盐分胁迫的分株和整个克隆片段的生长,这对于丰富和发展异质性环境胁迫下克隆植物的生态适应对策具有重要意义。     

Effect of growth regulators on asiaticoside production in whole plant cultures of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Centella asiatica</Emphasis> (L) urban

We investigated the effects of growth regulators on whole-plant cultures derived from nodes ofCentella asiatica. A B5 liquid medium including 0.01 mg L^-1 2,4-D resulted in decreased growth and asiaticoside production. Among the cytokinins tested (TDZ, BA, zeatin, and kinetin), TDZ was the best supplement for the promotion of asiaticoside biosynthesis. To directly estimate this effect, we measured asiaticoside content in the leaf, the main organ for synthesis. The addition of TDZ did not affect asiaticoside accumulation. Nevertheless, our results suggest that treatment with exogenous TDZ may enhance the production of asiaticoside in cultures simply through an increase in biomass.     

正交试验法优选复方四参颗粒剂的提取工艺

本文研究复方四参颗粒剂的提取工艺,采用正交试验法,以丹酚酸B提取率和干膏得率为指标,考察加水量、煎煮时间和煎煮次数对提取效果的影响,确立了复方四参颗粒剂的最佳提取工艺为:加8倍量水,提取2次,第一次时间为2 h,第二次为1 h。在最佳提取工艺条件下,干膏得率为16.58%,丹酚酸B的平均量为22.42mg。与正交试验的结果相符,说明该提取方法合理、稳定、可行。