Section of tropical taxonomy: Seven new species and one new record of Polygala (Polygalaceae) from Somalia

The following new species are described: Polygala gypsophila (northern, central and southern Somalia, on gypsum), P. bariensis (northern Somalia, on limestone), P. hamarensis (coastal dunes near Mogadishu), P. argentea (central Somalia, on limestone near coast), P. gawenensis (central Somalia, on limestone), P. effusa (central Somalia and eastern Ethiopia, on sand), P. citrina (southern Somalia, on granitic outcrops). P. meonantha is reported for the first time from Somalia.     

Four new species of Jatropha (Éuphorbiaceae) from Somalia

The following new species, all related to the Somali endemic Jatropha nogalensis in/. sect. Spinosa subsect. Spinosae , are described and illustrated: J. humifusa (coastal dunes of central Somalia), J. inaequispina (north-central Somalia, on limestone), and J. collina and J. spinosissima (both rocky ground in north-eastern Somalia). A hybrid between J. humifusa and the rather distantly related J. pelargoniifolia is reported.     

Digitaria brunoana (Gramineae), nuova specie della Somalia

Abstract

Digitaria brunoana (Gramineae), a new species from Somalia. - Digitaria brunoana, a new species occurring on the coastal sand dunes at Gesira near Mogadishu (Somalia), is described. This new taxon is related to D. longiflora which is distributed in the Tropical Africa.     

Two new species of Abrus (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) from Somalia

The new species Abrus baladensis , from fixed sand dunes near Mogadishu in south-central Somalia, and A. gawenensis , from limestone or sand over limestone in central Somalia, are described.     

Three new species of Melhania (Sterculiaceae) from north-eastern tropical Africa

Melhania annua , sp. nov., from coastal or subcoastal dunes in Somalia and Kenya, M. hiranensis , sp. nov., from Acacia-Commiphora bushland on sand in south-central Somalia, and M. quercifolia , sp. nov., from coastal dunes in Somalia, are described and illustrated.     

Four new species of Sida (Malvaceae) from the Horn of Africa

Sida floccosa , sp. nov., from eastern Ethiopia and north-western Somalia, S. ogadensis , sp. nov., from eastern Ethiopia and central Somalia, 5. calliantha , sp. nov., from coastal dunes in southern Somalia, and S. longipedicellata sp. nov., from coastal dunes and sandy plains in central and south-central Somalia, are described and illustrated.     

Two new species of Vigna (Leguminosae) from Somalia

The new species Vigna monantha ( V. subgen. Vigna sect. Catjang ) from coastal dunes of northern and central Somalia, and V. virescens ( V. subgen. Macrorhynchus ) from the inland of central and southern Somalia are described and illustrated. V. virescens is unique in Vigna by having branched stylar hairs, a character indicating a relationship between V. subgen. Macrorhynchus and the monotypic Wajira.     

New or noteworthy species of Leguminosae in NE tropical Africa

The following new species are described: Chamaecrista dunensis (Somalia), Acacia densispina (Somalia), A. flagellaris (Somalia), Tephrosia karkarensis (Somalia), T. scopulata (Somalia), Indigofera ancistrocarpa (Kenya), I. curvirostrata (Ethiopia), I. hiranensis (Somalia), I. karinensis (Somalia), I. kucharii (Somalia), I. nugalensis (Somalia), I. pellucida (Kenya, Somalia), I. sabulosa (Ethiopia, Somalia), I. sessilis (Somalia), I. ienuirostris (Somalia), Rhynchosia megalocalyx (Somalia), Crotalaria allophylla (Somalia), C. intricata (Somalia), C. warfae (Somalia), and Coronilla somalensis (Somalia). 2n = 22 is reported in Tephrosia karkarensis. Cassia somalensis, Acacia puccioniana, Sophora somalensis , and Crotalaria sennii are reduced to synonyms of respectively Senna hookeriana, Dichrostachys kirkii, Millettia usaramensis and Crotalaria boranica subsp. trichocarpa . Thirty-seven taxa are reported from Somalia for the first time, including Ptycholobium biflorum , known previously only from Southern Africa. Crotalaria pieropoda , known previously only from Socotra, is reported from Somalia and Oman. Neptunia oleracea and Vatovaea pseudolablab are new generic records for respectively Ethiopia and Oman. The fruits of Indigofera boranica are described. Vigna somaliensis and an allied species are discussed. Rhynchosia gansole is lectotypified and its flowers and fruits are described.     

New herbaceous and woody species of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) from Somalia

A small prostrate herb, Euphorbia salsicola , a woody shrublet with curious tubers, E. scatorhiza , and a small tree with decorative bracts, E. thulinii , are described as new species of Euphorbia. Within subgenus Lyciopsis the morphological variability of E. cuneata in Somalia is discussed and a new subspecies cretacea is described. E. gypsophila , a closely related but distinct species found only on gypsum is also described as new, together with E. dunensis , a shrublet from the coastal dunes and E. tripartita , another shrub in the same subgenus related to E. matabelensis. As far as present records show, all the new taxa are endemic in Somalia.     

Ten new species of Commiphora (Burseraceae) from Somalia

The following new species are described: Commiphora arenaria from bushland on sand in south-central Somalia, C. gardoensis from limestone slopes in the Qardho area in north-eastem Somalia, C. stellatopubescens from bushland on limestone outcrops or stony ground in the Hiiraan Region in south-central Somalia, C. spinulosa from limestone rocks on the escarpment along the Gulf of Aden in northeastern Somalia, C. lobatospathulata from bushland on sand in central and south-central Somalia, C. quercifoliola from bushland on shallow soil over limestone near Eil in north-eastem Somalia, C. chiovendana from bushland in northern and central Somalia, C. multifoliolata from limestone hills and ridges in south-westem Somalia, C. murraywatsonii from limestone outcrops near Hobyo in central Somalia, and C. kucharii from bushland on shallow soils over limestone in central and southern Somalia.     

Eight new species and a new record of Indigofera and Microcharis (Leguminosae-Indigofereae) from Somalia

The following new species are described: Indigofera bayensis (south-west Somalia, on sand or gravel in Acacia-Commiphora bushland), I. gypsacea (central and south-west Somalia, on gypsum), I. karkarensis (north-east Somalia, on limestone), I. lamellata (south-west Somalia, on and around granitic outcrops), I. lughensis (south-west Somalia, on gypsum), I. phymatodea (south-west Somalia, on granitic outcrops), I. scopiformis (central Somalia, on sand in Acacia-Commiphora bushland), and Microcharis nematophylla (central Somalia, on sand in Acacia-Commiphora bushland). Indigofera pseudointricata , previously known only from Socotra, is reported also from Somalia.     

Three new species of Chascanum (Verbenaceae) and notes on the genus in the Horn of Africa region

The new species Chascanum mixtum, from evergreen bushland and rocky slopes in north-western Somalia, C. elburense. from deciduous bushland mainly on sand in central Somalia, and C. glandulosum, from Acacia-Commiphora bushland on sandy soil in north-western Somalia, are described and illustrated. C. sessilifolium (Vatke) Moldenke is recircumscribed and neotypified with a specimen from the original type locality, and C. obovatum Sebsebe ssp. glaucum Sebsebe is placed in the synonymy of C. gillettli Moldenke.     

Four new species of Commicarpus (Nyctaginaceae) from NE tropical Africa

The new species Commicarpus hiranensis from the inland of central Somalia, C. mistus from Somalia, SE Ethiopia, NE Kenya and S Arabia, C. parviflorus from the coastal and subcoastal parts of central Somalia, and C. ramosissimus from NE Somalia are described and illustrated.     

A new species of Hibiscus (Malvaceae) from Somalia

Hibiscus ceratophorus , sp. nov. in H . sect. Furcaria , from coastal and subcoastal dunes in southern Somalia, is described and illustrated.     

内蒙古浑善达克沙地97种植物的光合生理特征(英文)

 报告了内蒙古浑善达克沙地不同生境下97种不同科、属植物的光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率特征。结果表明：猪毛菜（Salsola collina）、沙米（Agriophyllum pungens）、黑沙蒿（Artemisia ordosica）、狗尾草（Setaria viridis）、柠条（Caragana microphylla）等具有C4光合碳同化途径或具固氮能力的植物种具有较高的光合能力,其净光合速率大于30 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1, 而大部分具C3途径和无固氮能力的植物种的净光合速率较低,为1.29～10 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1;71%的植物种蒸腾速率集中在2～10 mmol H2O·m-2·s-1。所选出的高光效植物种在当地植被恢复与重建过程中应有很高利用价值。C4植物种占所测植物种的1/5左右,主要分布于固定沙丘上,且随着生境土壤湿度的增大其与C3植物种的光合速率差异逐渐缩小。在3种生境条件下,灌木和草本植物的光合速率和蒸腾速率顺序为：低湿地> 滩地 > 固定沙丘(p<0.01),而乔木为固定沙丘>滩地 (p<0.01) 。不同功能型植物的气体交换特征随生境的不同而异, 在固定沙丘上, 草本的蒸腾速率最高,乔木的水分利用率最高,三者光合速率相差不大。     

Expansion of Crabbea (Acanthaceae) and the description of two new species from Somalia

Crabbea is expanded to include the monotypic Golaea and Acanthostelma , both endemic in northern Somalia. The new combinations C. migiurtina (= Golaea migiurtina ) and C. thymifolia (= Acanthostelma thymifolium ) are made and the names are lectotypified. The new species C. pinnatifida and C. albolutea , both endemic in Somalia, are described and illustrated.     

Study of Siphonaptera in Somalia

In the period 1982-1984 samples of fleas were collected from wild animals of the Middle Scebeli, Low Scebeli and Bay Regions of Somalia. In total 1,335 specimens (486 males and 849 females) were obtained from 17 species of mammalian hosts out of the 19 examined. The following species of fleas were identified: Echidnophaga gallinacea, E. larina, E. murina, Ctenocephalides felis strongylus, Synosternus burtoni, S. somalicus, S. burtoni, S. somalicus, C. felis strongylus and E. larina are known to be widespread in Somalia; on the contrary, the presence of E. gallinacea in this country has not been reported in the literature, though the flea collection of the Institute of Parasitology of the University of Rome owns five females of this species which were collected by Zavattari in South Somalia during the year 1933. Moreover, as far as it is known, E. murina has not been reported in Somalia until now. The spermatheca of the females identified as S. burtoni is described in detail as it shows characteristics which have not been apparently reported before.     

Cleome socotrana (Capparaceae) and allied species in the Horn of Africa region

Four species of Cleome with small flowers, 6 stamens, petals without appendages, spreading to erect capsules, and hairy seeds, are recognized in the Horn of Africa region: C. socotrana in the Socotra archipelago (Yemen), C. hadramautica , sp. nov., in southern Yemen, C. omanensis , comb, nov., in the Mahrah Region of Yemen and in Oman, and C. albescens in northern Somalia. C. socotrana is lectotypified and a key to the species treated is provided.     

沙地植被碳氮磷化学计量特征与物种多样性的关系

植被化学计量特征表征植物营养限制.它是否会影响物种多样性需要进一步探究.本研究以宁夏哈巴湖国家级自然保护区沙地油蒿群落和沙柳群落为对象,计算了植被碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量,分析了植被C、N、P生态化学计量特征对沙地植物群落物种多样性的影响.结果表明: 在流动沙丘和半固定沙丘生境中的沙柳群落,物种多样性Simpson指数与植被C/N值存在显著的负相关关系,而与植被N/P值的相关性不显著;在半固定沙丘和固定沙丘生境中的油蒿群落,物种多样性Shannon指数与N/P值存在显著正相关关系,而与C/N值存在显著负相关关系.结合C、N、P生态化学计量特征与冗余分析可知,油蒿群落和沙柳群落的植被P含量对物种多样性的影响不同,导致两个群落的植被N/P值对物种多样性产生不同的影响.     

Dicoma hindana (Asteraceae), a new species from Somalia

Ortíz, S. & Oubiña, J.R. 1995. Dicoma hindana (Asteraceae), a new species from Somalia. - Nord. J. Bot. 15: 187–189. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107–055X.
A new species of the genus Dicoma (sect. Psilocoma ), from Somalia, is described. The characteristics by which it can be distinguished from related species are listed.