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应用反向遗传学技术在哺乳动物细胞中产生甲型流感病毒 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18
在国内首次应用反向遗传学技术将多个质粒共转染哺乳动物细胞,得到了具有活性的甲型流感病毒.采用自行构建的含有polⅠ和polⅡ启动子和终止子序列的pIVV2质粒,将A/PR/8/34(H1N1)流感病毒基因组全部8个RNA节段的cDNA分别克隆到该质粒的两个启动子之间,得到了8个可在真核细胞中复制和表达的质粒.将这8个质粒共转染293T细胞,培养48h后吸取上清液,转接入MDCK细胞中,再经过72h培养,发现在MDCK细胞中有明显的流感样细胞病变产生,测上清病毒血凝滴度为1:10.将MDCK细胞冻融液继续接种鸡胚和MDCK细胞,培养后将鸡胚尿囊液和MDCK细胞冻融上清液进行血凝和血凝抑制实验,证明所得病毒为A/PR/8/34(H1N1).此结果将有助于国内今后对流感疫苗的研究. 相似文献
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重组蛋白质技术作为蛋白质研究的重要手段之一,在生物化学与生物物理学研究领域,扮演着极其重要的角色.亲和纯化作为最为方便与快捷的重组蛋白质纯化手段,日益得到广泛的应用.由于各种亲和标签,纯化介质层出不穷,性质各异.应根据自身研究对象具体情况选择合适的亲和纯化标签.近年双亲和标签进行串联亲和纯化日益成为蛋白质相互作用研究的重要方法.多种亲和标签的搭配已得到成功应用,部分已进入商业化,并在各种模式生物中得到广泛的应用,本文就重组蛋白质亲和标签的选择与串联亲和纯化作一综述. 相似文献
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目的 开发一种快速、简便的基于胶体金免疫层析法(GICA)的试剂盒,以用于对甲型流感病毒的检测。方法以柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒,标记抗甲型流感病毒内部抗原的单克隆抗体。硝酸纤维素膜上包被两种抗甲型流感病毒单克隆抗体的混合液,制成免疫层析试纸。待测样品中的甲型流感病毒首先与胶体金标记抗体结合,后移动至硝酸纤维素上与固定的单克隆抗体发生反应,形成肉眼可见的红色带。结果GICA试纸条与甲1型和甲3型流感病毒共16种毒株均能发生特异性反应,与乙型流感病毒、副流感病毒、腺病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒无交叉反应。用三种不同甲型流感病毒毒株的不同浓度标本与美国同类经过FDA批准的产品比较,灵敏度相同。结论GICA试纸条灵敏度能够达到临床使用的要求,并具有简便快速、无需特殊仪器设备等优点,对甲型流感的诊断和流行病学调查具有十分重要的应用价值。 相似文献
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甲型流感是对人类健康和社会稳定构成极大威胁的急性呼吸道传染病,具有极高的发病率和死亡率。由于甲型流感病毒的高变异性和频繁的耐药性,使得新靶点的抗病毒药物的研发显得非常重要。甲型流感病毒的核蛋白高度保守,是一个潜在的抗病毒药物的靶点,国内外已有相关报道。中草药作为祖国的传统医学宝藏,在防治甲流方面也表现出了独特的优势。本文从甲型流感病毒结构与功能出发,阐述甲型流感病毒核蛋白作为抗病毒靶点的研究进展。 相似文献
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以冷适应、温度敏感、减毒的B/Ann Arbor/1/66流感病毒株作为重配病毒骨架,对其6个内部基因片段进行了全基因合成,同时人工引入9个氨基酸突变.构建了8个基因的拯救载体,经测序获得序列准确的拯救质粒,命名为:pAB121-PB1, pAB122-PB2, pAB123-PA, pAB124-HA, pAB125-NP, pAB126-NA, pAB127-M和pAB128-NS.在成功拯救冷适应A型流感病毒的基础上,利用反向遗传学技术成功获救了具有感染性的重配B型流感病毒株,命名为rMDV-B.该重配病毒株以B/Ann Arbor/1/66为病毒骨架,其中HA和NA来源于2006~2007年当年流行株B/Malaysia/2506/2004.rMDV-B在鸡胚尿囊液和MDCK细胞中的HA效价可达1∶64~1∶512.实验结果暗示:从单一供体病毒株可以产生有效的减毒活B型流感病毒疫苗候选株,能够为将来人用流感疫苗的设计提供可借鉴的模型. 相似文献
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流感病毒属于正黏病毒科,为有包膜包裹的单股负链RNA病毒。它的8个基因片段编码至少16种病毒蛋白,其中3个蛋白组成流感病毒的聚合酶复合体。流感病毒聚合酶碱性蛋白1(PB1)是该复合体的组分之一,在病毒的转录、复制及重配中发挥重要的作用。为研究其功能,构建His-PB1(aa 550–755)融合蛋白原核表达质粒,IPTG诱导融合蛋白表达,通过镍柱亲和将其纯化,然后作为抗原免疫家兔。对抗血清进行间接ELISA检测,表明抗体效价可达1∶100 000。兔源PB1蛋白抗血清经亲和纯化后,用于免疫印迹检测流感病毒WSN毒株PB1蛋白以及外源转染的FLAG-PB1蛋白,结果表明该PB1抗体具有良好的特异性,同时也能特异性识别其他亚型的A型流感病毒的PB1蛋白,为进一步研究流感病毒PB1蛋白的功能奠定了基础。 相似文献
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目的测定板蓝根颗粒抗流感病毒的药效作用。方法 A/California/7/2009(CA7)病毒滴鼻感染BALB/c小鼠观察14d,观察板蓝根对甲型H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠的保护作用,计算小鼠存活率、存活天数以及延长生命率。感染的小鼠第5天每组小鼠处死一半,取肺组织,观察板蓝根对甲型H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠肺组织的保护作用。结果板蓝根可明显延长甲型H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠的存活天数并提高存活率,病理结果显示板蓝根对甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的小鼠的肺组织有一定程度的保护作用,与模型组比较差异显著(P〈0.05)。结论板蓝根颗粒对甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的小鼠有较好的保护作用。 相似文献
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Hosokawa-Muto J Ito N Yamada K Shimizu K Sugiyama M Minamoto N 《Microbiology and immunology》2006,50(3):187-196
A recombinant rabies virus carrying double glycoprotein (G) genes, R(NPMGGL) strain, was generated by a reverse genetics system utilizing cloned cDNA of the RC-HL strain, and the biological properties of the virus were compared to those of the recombinant RC-HL (rRC-HL) strain. The extents of virus growth in cultured cells and virulence for adult mice of the R(NPMGGL) strain were almost same as those of the rRC-HL strain, while G protein content of the purified R(NPMGGL) virion and G protein expression level in R(NPMGGL)-infected cells were 1.5-fold higher than those of the rRC-HL strain. As a result of serial passages of the R(NPMGGL) strain in cultured cells, the expression level of G protein in cultured cells infected with the passaged R(NPMGGL) strain was maintained and virus titers rose with adaptation to the cultured cells. Furthermore, analysis of neutralization titers in mice immunized with UVinactivated virus suggested that the R(NPMGGL) strain had higher immunogenicity than that of the rRC-HL strain. The results suggest that the R(NPMGGL) strain carrying double G genes might be a useful candidate for development of a new inactivated rabies vaccine. 相似文献
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Wickramasinghe SR Kalbfuss B Zimmermann A Thom V Reichl U 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2005,92(2):199-208
Large scale purification of viruses and viral vectors for gene therapy applications and viral vaccines is a major separation challenge. Here tangential flow microfiltration and ultrafiltration using flat sheet membranes has been investigated for concentration of human influenza A virus. Ultrafiltration membranes with molecular weight cutoffs of 100 and 300 kDa as well as 0.1, 0.2 and 0.45 microm microfiltration membranes have been tested. The results indicate that use of 300 kDa membranes not only concentrate the virus particles but also lead to a significant removal of host cell proteins and DNA in the permeate. Tangential flow filtration may be used to fractionate virus particles. Human influenza A virus particles are spherical with an average size of 100 nm. Use of a 0.1 microm membrane leads to passage of virus particles less than 100 nm into the permeate and an increase of larger particles in the retentate. These results suggest that control of the transmembrane pressure, membrane pore size and pore size distribution could enable isolation of intact virus particles from damaged virions. Isolation of the virus particles of interest from viral fragments and other particulate matter could result in simplification of subsequent purification steps. Larger pore size membranes such as 0.45 microm that allow the passage of all virus particles may be used to remove host cell fragments. In addition virus particles attached to these fragments will be removed. Careful selection of membrane morphology and operating conditions will be essential in order to maximize the benefit of tangential flow filtration steps in the purification of viral products from cell cultures. 相似文献
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A型流行性感冒病毒的负链RNA基因组由编码病毒中12个蛋白质的八个节段组成。在病毒组装的最后阶段,病毒体从细胞顶端胞浆膜突出时将这些基因组的病毒体(v)RNAs吸收进其中。基因组分段赋予了流感病毒进化的优势,但也提出了问题,在病毒体组装时需要八个节段每一个的至少一个复制本以产生完全有传染性的病毒颗粒。历史上一直存在争论:一方赞同确保足额的基因组合并的特异性包装机制;另一方赞同基因组节段被随机选择而不是以充足数量被包装以确保能自行产生合理比例病毒体的替代模式。近年来人们对该问题已达成一致意见:大多数病毒体仅包含八个节段,特异性机制为选择每个vRNA的某一复制本的确发挥了作用。本综述总结了得出这一结论所做的工作,叙述了在识别特异性包装信号方面最新的进展,讨论了这些RNA元素运转的可能机制。 相似文献
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Roosmarijn van der Woude Hannah L. Turner Ilhan Tomris Kim M. Bouwman Andrew B. Ward Robert P. de Vries 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2020,29(9):1975-1982
Recombinant soluble trimeric influenza A virus hemagglutinins (HA) and tetrameric neuraminidases (NAs) have proven to be excellent tools to decipher biological properties. Receptor binding and sialic acid cleavage by recombinant proteins correlate satisfactorily compared to whole viruses. Expression of HA and NA can be achieved in a plethora of different laboratory hosts. For immunological and receptor interaction studies however, insect and mammalian cell expressed proteins are preferred due to the presence of N‐linked glycosylation and disulfide bond formation. Because mammalian‐cell expression is widely applied, an increased expression yield is an important goal. Here we report that using codon‐optimized genes and sfGFP fusions, the expression yield of HA can be significantly improved. sfGFP also significantly increased expression yields when fused to the N‐terminus of NA. In this study, a suite of different hemagglutinin and neuraminidase constructs are described, which can be valuable tools to study a wide array of different HAs, NAs and their mutants. 相似文献
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摘要:【目的】为研究流感病毒突破种间屏障分子机制,筛选流感基因工程疫苗株。【方法】本实验以猪流感病毒A/Swine/Henan/S4/01(H3N2)为亲本株,利用反向遗传学操作技术,采用RT-PCR技术对该病毒的8个基因片段分段进行扩增,通过与双向转录载体pHW2000连接, 重组质粒转染293T和MDCK共培养细胞,拯救出全部基因均来自于亲本株的猪流感病毒rgH3N2,并分别以人流感病毒A/ PR/8/34(H1N1)、禽流感病毒A/Duck/Nanchang /4-165/2000 (H4N6 )、马流感病毒A/Equine/Fuyun/2008/(H3N8)的HA和NA基因替换A/Swine/Henan/S4/01的相应基因,【结果】生物学实验结果表明rgH3N2在鸡胚半数感染量、组织培养半数感染量、稳定性试验等方面都与亲本株保持一致。rgH3N2经鸡胚多次传代后血凝价最高可达到1:256,接种MDCK细胞60 h后,血凝价可以达到1:64。基因替换后成功拯救出的重组病毒rgH1N1、rgH4N6和rgH3N8在鸡胚和细胞上均具有较高的增殖能力。【结论】病毒的成功拯救为流感病毒突破种间屏障分子机制,HA、NA基因在流感病毒跨种属传播中所扮演角色的研究和流感基因工程疫苗株的筛选奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Influenza A virus RNA replication requires an intricate regulatory network involving viral and cellular proteins. In this study, we examined the roles of cellular ubiquitinating/deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). We observed that downregulation of a cellular deubiquitinating enzyme USP11 resulted in enhanced virus production, suggesting that USP11 could inhibit influenza virus replication. Conversely, overexpression of USP11 specifically inhibited viral genomic RNA replication, and this inhibition required the deubiquitinase activity. Furthermore, we showed that USP11 interacted with PB2, PA, and NP of viral RNA replication complex, and that NP is a monoubiquitinated protein and can be deubiquitinated by USP11 in vivo. Finally, we identified K184 as the ubiquitination site on NP and this residue is crucial for virus RNA replication. We propose that ubiquitination/deubiquitination of NP can be manipulated for antiviral therapeutic purposes. 相似文献
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选择冷适应、温度敏感、减毒的A/Ann Arbor/6/60(H2N2)流感病毒株作为骨架病毒,对其6个内部基因片段进行了全基因合成,同时人工引入5个氨基酸突变(PB1-391E,581G,661T,PB2-265S,NP-34G).HA和NA来源于2006-2007当年流行株A/New Caledonia/20/99(H1N1).8个基因片段通过与改造后的转录载体pAD3000连接,构建8个基因的拯救载体,经测序获得序列准确的拯救质粒:pMDV-A-PB2、pMDV-A-PB1、pMDV-A-PA、pMDV-A-NP、pMDV-A-M、pMDV-A-NS、pMDV-A-HA、pMDV-A-NA.6质粒与当年流行株的表面基因HA和NA进行"6 2"组合的病毒拯救,8个重组质粒共转染COS-1细胞,成功拯救出了具有血凝性的冷适应减毒的重组A型人流感病毒.鸡胚尿囊液中重组病毒的血凝效价为l:279-1:210.构建的A/AA/6/60 6个内部基因的病毒骨架拯救系统,为深入研究冷适应减毒人流感病毒的基因功能和新型疫苗研发奠定了基础. 相似文献