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目的:分析microRNA(miRNA)相关专利,为我国miRNA科学研究和决策提供一定的参考。方法:运用专利文献计量学方法,使用TDA软件和Excel程序,对DII数据库中收录的miRNA相关专利的年份、国别、专利家族分布、专利权人、发明人和Derwent手工码进行分析。结果:发现了miRNA相关专利的年份分布、主要国家或组织的专利家族分布、前十位专利权人分布、前十位发明人分布及所涉及的Derwent手工代码分布情况。结论:我国在相关专利数量上虽然处于相对领先地位,但与美国等国相比仍存在很大差距,同时miRNA相关专利的专利家族多局限于本国,未曾形成一种广泛的多国高度分布的专利家族形势,缺乏对专利主动运用以获取专利信息和竞争优势的意识。 相似文献
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MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是一类长度约为22nt的内源性非编码RNA,通过与靶基因转录本互补结合调控基因的表达。近年来,研究发现miRNA与癌症发生密切相关,miRNA可以直接充当癌基因或者抑癌基因而影响肿瘤的发生和生长。为更进一步揭示癌症相关miRNA的特征及靶基因的功能,文章通过数据库搜索及文献检索,在人类基因组中发现了475个癌症相关miRNA,系统地比较了癌症相关miRNA与非癌症miRNA以及基因内和基因间区癌症相关miRNA在保守性、SNP位点分布、癌谱及转录调控等特性。研究发现,癌症相关miRNA比非癌症miRNA保守性要强,发生SNP概率比较低,同时发现miRNA所涉及癌症数目与保守性成正相关。基因组定位分析发现,癌症相关miRNA比非癌症miRNA更倾向于成簇存在。进一步对宿主基因、癌症相关miRNA及作用的靶基因与癌症发生进行关联分析,发现一些非癌症miRNA的宿主基因倾向于被癌症miRNA作用。本研究结果为深入理解miRNA与癌症之间的关系,以及进一步为miRNA作为癌症诊断指示物提供理论依据。 相似文献
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microRNA与肿瘤 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
microRNAs(miRNA)是一类新发现的长度只有18~26nt的小RNA,这类非编码的小RNA分子通过调节基因的表达在生物发育、脂肪代谢、细胞的分化、增殖和凋亡等过程中发挥着重要作用,而且可能广泛参与肿瘤发生和发展。 相似文献
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microRNA(miRNA)是一类内源性非编码的小RNA,广泛存在于病毒、植物和动物等生物体内。miRNA通过与目标mRNA互补配对,对基因进行转录后的表达调控,在生物体的发育、增殖、分化和凋亡等方面发挥重要的生理作用。最近的研究表明,miRNA与病毒介导的肿瘤之间存在密切关系,尤其在调控乙肝病毒介导的肝癌、人乳头瘤病毒介导的宫颈癌及EB病毒介导的鼻咽癌、淋巴瘤等肿瘤中发挥重要作用。在病毒导致肿瘤的发生与发展过程中,miRNA表达谱出现时间与空间上的改变,其表达调控成为近年来病毒致癌的研究热点。我们简要综述病毒致癌相关mi RNA的研究进展。 相似文献
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microRNA(miRNA)是一类存在于真核细胞中的非编码小RNA,可以调控基因转录后表达。人体中30%以上的基因都受miRNA的调控,同时miRNA还可作为不同生理和病理状态的分子标记。尽管已经在各种生物中预测并证实了数百种miRNA,但miRNA及其靶基因的明确作用机制和功能尚不完全明了。许多研究表明,miRNA与肺部疾病感染的发生、发展及转化有着密切的关联。miRNA在肺部疾病的正负调节功能为细菌性肺部疾病的诊断和治疗提供了新方向。我们简述了miRNA在潜伏性肺结核病和活动性肺结核病诊断领域的研究进展。 相似文献
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生物网络是生物体内各种分子通过相互作用来完成各种复杂的生物功能的一个体系。网络水平的研究,有助于我们从整体上理解生物体内各种复杂事件发生的内在机制。microRNA(miRNA)是一类在转录后水平调控基因表达的小RNA分子。研究结果表明,miRNA调控的靶基因分布范围很广,因此必然与目前所研究的生物网络有着各种各样的联系。对这种关系的揭示,将对阐明miRNA的调控规律起到重要的作用。本文重点讨论了miRNA调控的基因调控网络、蛋白质相互作用网络以及细胞信号传导网络的特征。此外,还总结了miRNA调控的网络模体(motif)和miRNA协同作用网络的特征。 相似文献
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microRNA是一类新近发现的由20-23个核苷酸构成的非编码RNA分子,它在生命进程中起着重要作用.病毒的复制和繁殖依赖于宿主细胞,而且对细胞环境的变化敏感.研究表明宿主和病毒都可以编码microRNA,病毒可通过小RNA介导的干扰作用影响宿主细胞,也能利用自身的"独特战略"改变宿主细胞从而满足自己生存的需求,所以,宿主与病毒间存在microRNA-mRNA相互作用的机制.尽管时microRNA与病毒感染的关系研究时间不长,但目前的研究结果为我们理解病毒和宿主之间的相互作用提供了一条途径,并为寻找病毒感染的生物标志物和治疗方法提供了新的思路. 相似文献
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Xiaolei Zhao Shouqiang Zhong Xiaoyu Zuo Meihua Lin Jiheng Qin Yizhao Luan Naizun Zhang 《基因组蛋白质组与生物信息学报(英文版)》2014,12(1):31-38
Many cancers apparently showing similar phenotypes are actually distinct at the molecular level,leading to very different responses to the same treatment.It has been recently demonstrated that pathway-based approaches are robust and reliable for genetic analysis of cancers.Nevertheless,it remains unclear whether such function-based approaches are useful in deciphering molecular heterogeneities in cancers.Therefore,we aimed to test this possibility in the present study.First,we used a NCI60 dataset to validate the ability of pathways to correctly partition samples.Next,we applied the proposed method to identify the hidden subtypes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Finally,the clinical significance of the identified subtypes was verified using survival analysis.For the NCI60 dataset,we achieved highly accurate partitions that best fit the clinical cancer phenotypes.Subsequently,for a DLBCL dataset,we identified three hidden subtypes that showed very different 10-year overall survival rates (90%,46% and 20%) and were highly significantly (P =0.008) correlated with the clinical survival rate.This study demonstrated that the pathwaybased approach is promising for unveiling genetic heterogeneities in complex human diseases. 相似文献
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Afraa Mamoori Vinod Gopalan Robert Anthony Smith Alfred King‐Yin Lam 《Biology of the cell / under the auspices of the European Cell Biology Organization》2016,108(3):51-64
There are emerging data to suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) have significant roles in regulating the function of normal cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs). This review aims to analyse the roles of miRNAs in the regulation of colon CSCs through their interaction with various signalling pathways. Studies showed a large number of miRNAs that are reported to be deregulated in colon CSCs. However, few of the studies available were able to outline the function of miRNAs in colon CSCs and uncover their signalling pathways. From those miRNAs, which are better described, miR‐21 followed by miR‐34, miR‐200 and miR‐215 are the most reported miRNAs to have roles in colon CSC regulation. In particular, miRNAs have been reported to regulate the stemness features of colon CSCs mainly via Wnt/B‐catenin and Notch signalling pathways. Additionally, miRNAs have been reported to act on processes involving CSCs through cell cycle regulation genes and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. The relative paucity of data available on the significance of miRNAs in CSCs means that new studies will be of great importance to determine their roles and to identify the signalling pathways through which they operate. Such studies may in future guide further research to target these genes for more effective cancer treatment. miRNAs were shown to regulate the function of cancer stem cells in large bowel cancer by targeting a few key signalling pathways in cells. 相似文献
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伴随着高通量测序技术的飞速发展,许多新型的非编码RNA陆续被发现,比如长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)和环状RNA(Circular RNA)。先前的研究已经表明这些非编码RNA在基因表达调控过程中起着很重要的作用,并且与癌症的发生有着很密切的联系。但是,由于研究者们仍然对它们行使何种功能知之甚少,鉴定这些非编码RNA是否与人类癌症存在密切的相互关系仍然是一个巨大的挑战。为了促进这一领域的研究,这篇文章的作者分析了大规模的RNA相互作用数据,然后建立了数据库nc2Cancer(http://www.bioinfo.tsinghua.edu.cn/nc2Cancer/index.php)。这个数据库的目标便是提供非编码RNA与癌症之间的全面关系。现在,该nc2Cancer数据库包括了三种类型的非编码RNA分子:长链非编码RNA,环状RNA以及由假基因转录而成的RNA。这项研究将有助于研究者更好地去理解非编码RNA的功能以及它们在人类癌症发生过程中所起到的作用。 相似文献
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旨在分离并鉴定肝癌肿瘤干细胞,并对其异常表达的microRNA进行了初步筛选。首先利用流式细胞术及免疫荧光技术分别在肝癌细胞系及肝癌组织标本中确认了CD90+细胞的存在;随后利用免疫磁珠分选技术从肝癌细胞系MHCC97-H中分离出了CD90+细胞,化疗药物耐药性实验表明,CD90+细胞具有明显的化疗药物耐受能力;两次裸鼠皮下成瘤性实验也表明CD90+细胞具有较强的成瘤能力,而CD90-细胞不具备成瘤能力。上述实验充分说明:CD90+细胞具有肝癌肿瘤干细胞特性。因此利用该细胞模型进行了肝癌肿瘤干细胞CD90+细胞和非肝癌肿瘤干细胞CD90-细胞之间差异表达的microRNA的检测,结果表明,CD90+细胞与CD90-细胞之间共有92个microRNAs的表达存在差异性,其中在CD90+细胞中高表达的microRNAs有52个;在CD90-细胞中高表达的microRNAs有40个。 相似文献
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Andreas Keller Tobias Fehlmann Nicole Ludwig Mustafa Kahraman Thomas Laufer Christina Backes Claus Vogelmeier Caroline Diener Frank Biertz Christian Herr Rudolf A.Jrres Hans-Peter Lenhof Eckart Meese Robert Bals 《基因组蛋白质组与生物信息学报(英文版)》2018,16(3):162-171
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) significantly increases the risk of developing cancer. Biomarker studies frequently follow a case-control set-up in which patients diagnosed with a disease are compared to controls. Longitudinal cohort studies such as the COPD-centered German COPD and SYstemic consequences-COmorbidities NETwork(COSYCONET) study provide the patient and biomaterial base for discovering predictive molecular markers. We asked whether microRNA(miRNA) profiles in blood collected from COPD patients prior to a tumor diagnosis could support an early diagnosis of tumor development independent of the tumor type. From 2741 participants of COSYCONET diagnosed with COPD, we selected 534 individuals including 33 patients who developed cancer during the follow-up period of 54 months and 501 patients who did not develop cancer, but had similar age, gender and smoking history. Genome-wide miRNA profiles were generated and evaluated using machine learning techniques. For patients developing cancer we identified nine miRNAs with significantly decreased abundance(two-tailed unpaired t-test adjusted for multiple testing P 0.05), including members of the miR-320 family. The identified mi RNAs regulate different cancer-related pathways including the MAPK pathway(P = 2.3 x 10~(-5)). We also observed the impact of confounding factors on the generated miRNA profiles, underlining the value of our matched analysis. For selected miRNAs, qRT-PCR analysis was applied to validate the results. In conclusion, we identified several miRNAs in blood of COPD patients, which could serve as candidates for biomarkers to help identify COPD patients at risk of developing cancer. 相似文献
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Contactless dielectrophoresis (cDEP) devices are a new adaptation of dielectrophoresis in which fluid electrodes, isolated from the main microfluidic channel by a thin membrane, provide the electric field gradients necessary to manipulate cells. This work presents a continuous sorting device which is the first cDEP design capable of exploiting the Clausius-Mossotti factor at frequencies where it is both positive and negative for mammalian cells. Experimental devices are fabricated using a cost effective technique which can achieve 50 μm feature sizes and does not require the use of a cleanroom or specialized equipment. An analytical model is developed to evaluate cDEP devices as a network of parallel resistor-capacitor pairs. Two theoretical devices are presented and evaluated using finite element methods to demonstrate the effect of geometry on the development of electric field gradients across a wide frequency spectrum. Finally, we present an experimental device capable of continuously sorting human leukemia cells from dilute blood samples. This is the first cDEP device designed to operate below 100 kHz resulting in successful manipulation of human leukemia cells, while in the background red blood cells are unaffected. 相似文献
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The realization that microRNAs are intimately linked to cancer pathogenesis has spawned an explosion of research activity in recent years. Their presence is not merely predictive of tumor origin and behavior, they are causally linked to the emergence and development of cancer by acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. The understanding of the functional consequences of altered microRNA expression in cancer is progressing rapidly, even though the prediction of microRNA targets is still a hit and miss process. MicroRNAs may not act primarily by strongly reducing the expression of a few prominent cancer-regulatory genes, but by influencing the properties of the network of which these regulators are a central part. By coordinately regulating many genes, microRNAs are exquisitely suited to act as stabilizers of networks and to prevent extreme variations in phenotype due to intrinsic and extrinsic disturbances. Many advanced tumors show defects in microRNA expression and processing, which could increase phenotypic variability within tumors. This allows small subsets of cells with altered characteristics to emerge, which can have grave consequences as typically a small fraction of tumor cells is responsible for metastasis and treatment resistance, and ultimately treatment failure. Investigating microRNAs from the perspective of master regulators of network stability in cancer calls for new experimental approaches and may help to understand causes of cancer heterogeneity and disease progression. 相似文献