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1.
Use of the Expolinear Growth Model to Analyse the Growth of Faba bean, Peas and Lentils at Three Densities: Fitting the Model 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
The expolinear equation for crop growth (Goudriaan and MonteithAnnalsof Botany66: 695701, 1990) was fitted to measurementsof above ground dry weight made on two cultivars of each ofthree species, faba bean (Vicia fabaL.), peas (Pisum sativumL.)and lentils (Lens culinarsMedic.), each grown at three densitiesat the University of Reading, UK in 1992 and 1993. The expolinearequation fitted the data well but required frequent samplingto obtain good estimates of the parameters. The equation hasthree parameters,Rmthe maximum relative growth rate,Cma maximumcrop growth rate, andtbthe time at which the crop effectivelyreaches a linear phase of growth.Rmdid not differ between densities,cultivars or species but differed between years.Cmincreasedwith increased density and was lower for lentils than for fababeans or peas.tbdecreased with increased density for faba beanbut not for the other species. Incorporating an extinction coefficientfor solar radiation and the maximum fraction of radiation interceptedenabled reasonably accurate time courses of leaf area indexto be derived, as suggested by Goudriaan (1994. In: MontiethJL, Scott RK, Unsworth MH, eds.Resource capture by crops. Nottingham:Nottingham University Press, 99110).Copyright 1998 Annalsof Botany Company Expolinear equation, grain legumes, crop growth rate, crop density, relative growth rate, growth modelling, faba bean,Vicia fabaL., peas,Pisum sativumL., lentils,Lens culinarsMedic. 相似文献
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The objective of regression smoothers is to obtain predictedvalues of a dependent variable and its first derivative fromempirical data without having to assume any particular functionalrelationship between the dependent and independent variables.An early variant of this type of analysis, specifically naturalB-splines, was first applied to growth analyses by Parsons andHunt in 1981 (Annals of Botany 48 : 341352, 1981). Theobject of this paper is to describe and evaluate two recentadvances in this area (cubic spline smoothers and loess smoothers)in the context of plant growth analysis and compare them tonaturalB -splines. The accuracies of these methods are evaluatedusing simulated data of a type that normally causes difficultieswith other methods. A bootstrap procedure is described thatimproves the estimate of the optimal smoother parameter. Itis shown that these smoothers can capture even subtle changesin relative growth rate. The method is then applied to growthdata ofHolcus lanatus. B -splines; cubic spline smoothers; growth analyses; Holcus lanatus ; loess; relative growth rate; RGR 相似文献
4.
Growth of Lettuce, Onion and Red Beet. 2. Growth Modelling 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Data from a field experiment carried out on growth of lettuce,onion, and red beet were used: (a) to fit logistic, Gompertz,expolinear and Scaife and Jones (Journal of AgriculturalScience, Cambridge86 : 8391, 1976) functions using time,day-degrees and effective day-degrees; and (b) to test a mechanistically-basedmodel that combines the effects of potentially limiting variables,such as temperature and light, and allows for plant zone areain light interception (Aikman and Benjamin,Annals of Botany73 : 185194, 1994). The use of day-degrees and effective day-degrees instead oftime, in general, improved the fit and gave a better estimateof growth parameters. The best fit was obtained by the Gompertzfunction for lettuce, and by the expolinear function for redbeet and for onion. The expolinear function seemed the mostreliable function in estimating the early relative growth ratewhich is the crucial value in all the mechanistic models. Thezone area model showed very good simulations for lettuce andred beet, but it requires a modification for canopy senescencein onion. Lettuce; Lactuca sativa L. var.crispa ; onion; Allium cepa L.; red beet; Beta vulgaris L. var.conditiva ; growth modelling; logistic; expolinear; Gompertz; zone area; time; day-degrees; effective day-degrees 相似文献
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Annals of Botany 96: 591612, 2005 Unfortunately, the legend 相似文献
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Zha Tianshan; Xing Zisheng; Wang Kai-Yun; Kellomaki Seppo; Barr Alan G. 《Annals of botany》2007,99(6):1239
Annals of Botany 99: 345353, 2007 The authors regret that the 相似文献
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Annals of Botany 98: 12331240, 2006 Unfortunately the final sentence in the Results section 相似文献
8.
Moore John P.; Lindsey George G.; Farrant Jill M.; Brandt Wolf F. 《Annals of botany》2007,99(6):1241-1242
Annals of Botany 99: 211217, 2007 There were problems in the reproduction of some figures in issues1 and 2 of volume 99 and we are happy 相似文献
9.
Control of Seed Growth in Soya Beans [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The seed is the primary sink for photosynthate during reproductivegrowth and an understanding of the mechanisms controlling therate of seed growth is necessary to understand completely theyield production process. The growth rate of individual seedsof seven soya bean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivars withgenetic differences in seed size varied from 10.8 to 3.9 mgseed1 day1. The growth rates were highly correlatedwith final seed size. The growth rate of cotyledons culturedin a complete nutrient medium was highly correlated with thegrowth rate of seeds developing on the plant and with finalseed size. The number of cells per seed in the cotyledons variedfrom 10.2 to 5.7 x 106 across the seven cultivars. The numberof cells per seed in the cotyledons was significantly correlatedwith final seed size and the seed growth rate both on the plantand in the culture medium. The data suggest that genetic differencesin seed growth rates are controlled by the cotyledons and thenumber of cells in the cotyledons may be the mechanism of control. Glycine max L., soya bean, seed size, growth rate, cell number, sink activity 相似文献
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Growth and production of the temperate C4 species Cyperus longusL. was measured throughout a growing season in an establishedplot in Eastern Ireland. The maximum standing live biomass reachedwas 2·5 kg m2. Estimates of unit leaf rate (ULR)and leaf area index (LAI) were made. The product of these quantitiesgave the crop growth rate (CGR) each week. C. longus was foundto maintain high values of LAI throughout the summer, with amaximum value of about 13 in early August. CGR reached a peakin early July. The optimum LAI was 11·6. Temperaturesat five levels in the plant canopy, and the amount of solarradiation intercepted by the canopy were measured continuouslyduring the summer. The mean daily rate of leaf extension waspositively correlated with the mean daily air temperature abovethe canopy but the temperature coefficient of the process waslow compared with other temperate species. The percentage ofsolar radiation intercepted by the canopy increased rapidlyin early summer, and canopy closure had occurred by mid-June.Rates of net photosynthesis were measured on young and old leafmaterial in situ at the time of peak LAI. In young leaves themaximum rates of net photosynthesis were higher than those publishedfor a range of temperate C3 species, but similar to those foundin another temperate C4 species, Spartina townsendii. Key words: C4 photosynthesis, leaf growth, productivity 相似文献
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BRANCO-PRICE CRISTINA; KAWAGUCHI RIKI; FERREIRA RICARDO B.; BAILEY-SERRES JULIA 《Annals of botany》2005,96(6):1142
Annals of Botany 96: 647660, 2005 Unfortunately, there were errors in Figure 5 of this article.The 相似文献
12.
Annals of Botany 95: 11991209, 2005 Unfortunately, Figure 7 of this article was printed as a negative.The correct figure appears overleaf. The publisher apologizes 相似文献
13.
A dynamic simulation model for tomato crop growth and development,TOMSIM, is evaluated. Potential crop growth and daily crop grossassimilation rate (Pgc,d) is computed by integration of leafassimilation rates over total crop leaf area throughout theday. Crop growth results fromPgc,dminus maintenance respirationrate (Rm), multiplied by the conversion efficiency. Dry matterdistribution is simulated, based on the sink strength of theplant organs, which is quantified by their potential growthrate. Within the plant, individual fruit trusses and vegetativeunits (three leaves and stem internodes between two trusses)are distinguished. Sink strength of a truss or a vegetativeunit is described as a function of its developmental stage.In this paper, emphasis is on the interactions between the twosubmodels of, respectively, dry matter production and dry matterdistribution. Sensitivity analysis showed that global radiation,CO2concentration, specific leaf area (SLA) and the developmentalstage of a vegetative unit at leaf pruning had a large influenceon crop growth rate, whereas temperature, number of fruits pertruss, sink strength of a vegetative unit and plant densitywere less important. Leaf area index (LAI) was very sensitiveto SLA and the developmental stage of a vegetative unit at leafpruning. Temperature did not influence the simulated Rm, asincreased respiration rate per unit of biomass at higher temperatureswas compensated by a decrease in biomass. The model was validatedfor four glasshouse experiments with plant density and fruitpruning treatments, and on data from two commercially growncrops. In general, measured and simulated crop growth ratesfrom 1 month after planting onwards agreed reasonably well,average overestimation being 12%. However, crop growth ratesin the first month after planting were overestimated by 52%on average. Final crop dry mass was overestimated by 031%,due to inaccurate simulation of LAI, resulting partly from inaccurateSLA prediction, which is especially important at low plant densityand in a young crop.Copyright 1999 Annals of Botany Company Crop growth, dry matter production, glasshouse, leaf area,Lycopersicon esculentum, partitioning, simulation model, tomato, TOMSIM. 相似文献
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The Development of Desiccation-tolerance and Maximum Seed Quality During Seed Maturation in Six Grain Legumes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Physiological maturity, i.e. the time when seedsreach their maximum dry weight during development, occurredwhen maturation drying on the parent plant in the field hadreduced seed moisture content to approximately 60 per cent infaba bean (Vicia faba L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.), chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.), white lupin (Lupinus albus L.), soya bean(Glycine max [L.] Merr.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.) The onsetof desiccation-tolerance, i.e. the ability of seeds to germinatefollowing harvest and rapid artificial drying, coincided withphysiological maturity, except in pea where it occurred a littleearlier at about 70 per cent moisture content. Maximum seedquality as determined by maximum viability, minimum seedlingabnormalities and maximum seedling size occurred in pea, chickpeaand lupin when seeds were harvested for rapid drying at physiologicalmaturity; but for maximum seed quality in the other speciesmaturation drying had to proceed further - to about 45 per centmoisture content in soya bean and to about 30 per cent moisturecontent in lentil and faba bean seed crops. Much of this variationamongst the six species, however, was due to differences inthe variation in maturity within each seed crop. Results forindividual pods showed that peak maturity, i.e. maximum seedquality following harvest and rapid artificial drying, was achievedin all six species once maturation drying had reduced the moisturecontent of the seeds to 4550 per cent. In pea, faba beanand soya bean there was a substantial decline in viability andan increase in seedling abnormalities when harvest was delayedbeyond the optimal moisture content for harvest. 相似文献
15.
Effects of Growth Regulators on Polyamine Content and Peroxidase Activity in Hevea brasiliensis Callus 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
3, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (3,4-D) and benzylaminopurine(BAP) at 9 µM (control medium) was compared with 4.5,2.25, and 0.45 µM for ability to induce callogenesis andembryogenesis from seed explants of Hevea brasiliensis. Supplyingthese growth regulators at 4.5 µM for 20 d improved embryogenicpotential compared with the control medium (El Hadrami, Carronand d'Auzac, 1991, Annals of Botany 67, 511515), sustainedputrescine, spermidine and spermine at a higher level throughoutof much of the culture period (4070 d), and maintainedlow levels of peroxidase activity. In the control medium, poorcallus embryogenesis is considered a consequence of rapid ageingof tissues characterized by (i) acceleration of an early buttransient production of polyamines, which promoted embryogeniccapacity, and (ii) an early peak in peroxidase activity thatwas positively correlated with callus browning, one of the factorslimiting embryogenesis. Somatic embryogenesis, polyamines, peroxidase, Hevea brasiliensis, rubber-tree 相似文献
16.
The Effect of Temperature on the Growth of Individual Leaves of Vicia faba L. in the Field 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The generalized logistic curve was used to describe the growthof individual leaves in crops of Vicia faba L. Durations of.expansionand mean absolute growth rates were derived from these curves.The duration of expansion was inversely related to temperatureaveraged over four days from unfolding. This relationship wasindependent of leaf position except for the lowest leaves. Theduration of expansion of a leaf was related to the rate of productionof new leaves, the number of expanding leaves remaining relativelyconstant. Absolute growth rates varied with leaf position upto leaf 10. At higher leaves, in the absence of water stress,absolute growth rate was a function of temperature and radiation. Vicia faba L., field bean, leaf growth, temperature 相似文献
17.
The Relationship between the Growth Rate of Young Plants and their Total-N Concentration is Unique and Simple: a Comment 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
A series of experiments with cabbage and lettuce, where nitrogensupply is interrupted at a given and the future developmentof plants mass and of nitrogen concentration are observed, isre-analysed. Using the nitrogen productivity theory, it is shownthat plant properties determined from growth under unlimitednitrogen supply also explain the behaviour under interruptednitrogen supply. This is in contrast to the suggestion of theoriginal author Burns 1994, Annals of Botany 74: 143-157, whoquestions the existence of a unique relationship between plantrelative growth rate (RGR) and nitrogen concentration. Someserious problems in the models suggested by the author are alsoindicated.Copyright 1995, 1999 Academic Press Cabbage, lettuce, model, nitrogen limitation, nitrogen productivity, relative growth rate 相似文献
18.
JAYAPRAKASH T. L.; RAMAMOHAN G.; KRISHNAPRASAD B. T.; GANESHKUMAR ; PRASAD T. G.; MATHEW M. K.; UDAYAKUMAR M. 《Annals of botany》1998,82(4):513-522
Some late embryogeny abundant (LEA) proteins, which are developmentallyregulated in embryos, are also known to be expressed in meophytictissues in response to osmotic stress. Here we report the extentof genetic variability in the level of expression of lea2 andlea3, under stress, in fingermillet and rice seedlings. In bothspecies, the expression of lea genes was seen in the mesophytictissue in response to salinity, partial dehydration and abscisicacid. Tolerant genotypes exhibited higher expression of rab16Aand M3 that code for LEA2 proteins, than susceptible genotypes.A novel approach, that of raising antibodies against the conservedpeptides of these proteins was used to study genetic variabilityin LEA protein levels. Since stress proteins are known to beexpressed in response to mild, non-lethal induction-stress (Uma,Prasad and Udayakumar,Annals of Botany76: 4349, 1995),we developed an optimum induction protocol for salinity stressin rice and fingermillet. We studied the quantitative differencesin expression of these proteins by western blot and ELISA techniquesin different genotypes. A positive correlation was found betweenLEA2 and LEA3 protein levels and the growth of seedlings duringstress and recovery in both rice and fingermillet, indicatinga possible relevance of these proteins in stress tolerance.Copyright1998 Annals of Botany Company LEA proteins, ABA responsive proteins, induction response, ELISA, fingermillet, rice, salinity-stress. 相似文献
19.
Annals of Botany 99: 1097–1100, 2007 Unfortunately in Fig. 1D 相似文献
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NOUZOV MARCELA; KUBALAKOVA MARIE; DOLE ZSELOVA MARIE; KOBLIZSKOVA ANDREA; NEUMANN PAVEL; DOLEZSEL JAROSLAV; MACAS JIRI 《Annals of botany》2000,85(1):157
Annals of Botany83: 535541, 1999 It is regretted that Figure 1 of this paper was incorrect; itshould have appeared as follows: Fig. 1. Genomic organization of new repetitive sequences. Southernblots of field bean genomic DNA digested using various restrictionenzymes (H, Hind III; Hc, Hinc II; T,Taq I; A, Alu I; R, RsaI; M, Mbo I; F, Fok I) were probed with the individual repeats.The bands from which the sequences were isolated are markedby arrows. The bands from which full length sequence of T133and TIII17 repeats were isolated are marked by asterisks. 相似文献