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KORNEL P 《Polski tygodnik lekarski (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)》1952,7(40):1273-1276
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Wainwright M 《Perspectives in biology and medicine》2004,47(2):189-198
During the Second World War, the Germans and their Axis partners could only produce relatively small amounts of penicillin, certainly never enough to meet their military needs; as a result, they had to rely upon the far less effective sulfonamides. One physician who put penicillin to effective use was Hitler's doctor, Theodore Morell. Morell treated the Führer with penicillin on a number of occasions, most notably following the failed assassination attempt in July 1944. Some of this penicillin appears to have been captured from, or inadvertently supplied by, the Allies, raising the intriguing possibility that Allied penicillin saved Hitler's life. 相似文献
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Miguel Arroyo Raquel Torres-Guzmán Jesús Torres-Bacete Isabel de la Mata María Pilar Castillón Carmen Acebal 《Biotechnology letters》2002,24(13):1045-1048
The synthesis of 2-nitro-5-[(hexanoyl)-amino]-benzoic acid and 2-nitro-5-[(octanoyl)-amino]-benzoic acid as chromogenic substrates for the determination of aliphatic penicillin acylase activity is described. During enzymatic hydrolysis, the released chromophore, 2-nitro-5-amino-benzoic acid, was detected at 405 nm. Penicillin acylase from Streptomyces lavendulae had an appreciable activity towards these substrates, which can then be used to detect penicillin acylases able to cleave hexanoyl and octanoyl residues off synthetic amides as well as penicillin dihydroF and penicillin K, their natural analogues. 相似文献
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Hydrolysis of penicillin G by combination of immobilized penicillin acylase and electrodialysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Phenylacetic acid, as inhibitory product, was formed from a hydrolysis of penicillin G by immobilized penicillin acylase. In this article, electrodialysis was applied to remove phenylacetic acid continuously from the reaction mixture and to enhance an efficiency of the reaction. When 268 and 537 mM of penicillin G solution were used as the substrate, the concentration of phenylacetic acid in the reaction mixture could be maintained at less than 81 and 126 mM, respectively, and eventually, 86% and 88% of phenylacetic acid produced were removed from the reaction mixture at the end of the hydrolysis, respectively. Times required to reach 96% and 94.8% conversion from 268 and 537 mM of initial penicillin G could be reduced to 65% and 64% respectively, by means of electrodialysis; while 3.0% and 4.3% of initial penicillin G of 268 and 537 mM were permeated out of the reaction chamber during the hydrolysis, respectively. However, a loss of penicillin G by permeation could be reduced from 4.3% to 3.4% by a repeated addition of penicillin G. 相似文献
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MIKUŁOWSKI W 《Polski tygodnik lekarski (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)》1949,4(31-32):926-928
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LEDERBERG J 《Journal of bacteriology》1957,73(1):144
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The usefulness of penicillin acylase immobilized onto butyl acrylate — ethyl glycol dimethacrylate (called in this paper acrylic carrier) in penicillin G hydrolysis performed in a stirred tank reactor is shown. The enzyme-acrylic carrier preparation does not deteriorate its own properties in the mixing condition of slurry reactor. The experiments were carried out in a batch and a continuous stirred tank reactor as well as continuous stirred tank reactors in series. It was found to be a satisfactory agreement between experimental and predicted results. It also indicated the optimal substrate concentration range which provides the most effective enzyme operation. A superiority of the three reactors in series over the batch reactor is shown.List of Symbols CE g/m3
equivalent enzyme concentration
- CSO mol/m3
initial penicillin G concentration
- KA mol/m3
substrate affinity constant
- KiS mol/m3
substrate inhibitory constant
- KiP mol/m3
PhAA inhibitory constant
- KiQ mol/m3
6-APA inhibitory constant
- k3 mol/g min
constant rate of dissotiation of the active complex
- r mol/m3
rate of reaction
- t min.
reaction time
- tj min.
maintenance time
-
degree of conversion
- B, F
dimensionless time
- min.
residence time
- PA
penicillin acylase
- PG
penicillin G
- PhAA
phenylacetic acid
- 6-APA
6-aminopenicillanic acid 相似文献
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Lysine control of penicillin biosynthesis 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9