De novo partial 2q3 trisomy/distal 7p22 monosomy in a malformed newborn with 7p deletion phenotype and craniosynostosis

In the present paper a malformed male newborn is presented with de novo 2q3 trisomy/distal 7p22 monosomy and typical clinical findings of 7p deletion syndrome including trigonocephaly.     

Partial distal trisomy 13q resulting from familial reciprocal 5/13 translocation

Summary A female infant with partial trisomy 13, 46,XX,der(5),t(5;13) (p15;q22)mat, for the distal part of the long arm is reported. The clinical and autopsy findings were similar to those of complete trisomy 13, except for harelip and cleft palate, and sloping forehead. Fetal hemoglobin and nuclear appendages in polymorphonuclear leukocytes were normal. Loci for these traits are discussed.     

Deletion of the long arm of chromosome 8 resulting from a de novo translocation t(4;8) (q13;q213)

Summary Report is given of a mentally retarded and dysmorphic patient with a partial monosomy 8q, resulting from a de novo translocation t(4;8)(q13; q213).Determination of erythrocyte gluthathione reductase (E-GSR) activity in the proposita shows activity in the normal range. Previous evidence for of the assignment of E-GSR locus to the short arm of chromosome 8 is confirmed.     

Interstitial deletion of 16(q13q22) in a newborn resulting from a paternal insertional translocation.

A dysmorphic newborn showed an interstitial deletion of the long arm of a chromosome 16 due to a balanced paternal insertional translocation 46,XY,ins(14;16)(q23;q13q22). The insertion was confirmed by chromosomal in situ suppression (CISS-) hybridization. Clinical features considered to be typical for a 16q- phenotype are demonstrated in this patient. Similar observations described in the literature are compared and discussed with reference to the phenocritical region.     

De novo interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 7:46,XY,del(7)(q23;q32)

A de novo interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 7 is reported in a newborn boy. Our observation is compared with seven others deletions of the same bands. Clinical features showed the following: hypotonia, microcephalia, difficulty in swallowing, low-set dysplastic ears, an abnormal cry, upslanting and small palpebral fissures, and abnormalities of the hands and feet. Delayed mental and physical development is the general rule, and visceral malformations are uncommon. Our patient had genital abnormalities and a cardiac malformation.     

Balanced t(8;9)(q12;q33)pat carrier with phenotypic abnormalities attributable to a de novo terminal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 7

Summary A girl observed from birth to age 16 months had multiple congenital anomalies including growth and developmental retardation, microcephaly (-4 SD), bulbous nose, prominent lips and philtrum, esotropia, latent hypermetropia, and spasticity. Chromosome analysis showed her to be a balanced carrier of a t(8;9)(q12;q33)pat translocation. In addition, she had a de novo deletion of a distal segment of the long arm of chromosome 7. Seven Previously reported cases with deletions involving 7q were reviewed and had a number of nonspecific features in common, with microcephaly of a comparable degree in one of these. Studies of the Kidd (Jk) blood groups and Hageman factor were done because of the tentative assignment of their respective loci to distal 7q. Location of the Kidd (Jk) locus on the deleted segment can be excluded on the basis of heterozygosity of the proposita for the a and b alleles. Hageman factor was not decreased, which suggests that this locus is also not on the deleted segment.     

Pure distal 11q deletion without additional genomic imbalances in a female infant with Jacobsen syndrome and a de novo unbalanced reciprocal translocation

We report a neonate with pure deletion of distal 11q (11q23.3-->qter) and Jacobsen syndrome. The patient had growth restriction, petechiae, thrombocytopenia, dilation of renal pelvis, congenital heart defects, and seizures. Array comparative genomic hybridization revealed a 15.8-Mb deletion from 11q23.3 to 11q25 without genomic imbalances in other chromosomes. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a karyotype of 46,XX,der(7)(7pter-->7q32),der(11)(11pter--> 11q23.3::7q32-->7qter). The parental karyotypes were normal. This is the first report of pure distal 11q deletion without additional genomic imbalances in a patient with Jacobsen syndrome and a de novo unbalanced reciprocal translocation.     

De novo appearance of a partial trisomy 1q in mosaic due to a 1;9 translocation

A child with trisomy 1q24----qter is described. This syndrome is compared to other 1q partial trisomies. An association is proposed between these trisomic segments and the following phenotypic signs: microphtalmia, trigonocephaly, hypertrichosis, antimongoloid eye slants, anomalies of the biliary tract, and malformations of the central nervous system.     

19q distal trisomy due to a de novo (19;22)(q13.2;p11) translocation

A 2 4/12-year-old girl whith a de novo 46,XX,-22 + der(22), t(19;22)(q13.2;p11) karyotype is described. From this and other eight similar cases previously published, a typical phenotype in distal 19q trisomy is concluded.     

An adult patient with a distal interstitial 14q deletion: clinical report and literature review

We report a patient with an interstitial 14q32.1-->q32.3 deletion and review the literature. The adult patient presented with moderate mental retardation, a friendly behavior and a non-specific phenotype. The deletion seemed to be terminal but with FISH probes appeared to be interstitial. Comparison with other 14q terminal and interstitial deletion patients reported in literature and those with a ring 14 chromosome is given.     

A de novo complex t(7;13;8) translocation with a deletion in the TRPS gene region

Molecular cytogenetic analyses have resolved the pathogenetic aberration of an 8-year-old girl with tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome type I (TRPS I), normal intelligence, and a karyotype originally described as 46,XX,t(8;13)(q24;q21). R- and Q-banding and high resolution R-banding analyses have also disclosed a seemingly mosaic abnormality of the distal short arm of chromosome 7 but have not fully characterized this abnormality. Combined primed in situ labelling and chromosome painting, and three-colour chromosome painting have revealed a complex, apparently balanced translocation t(7;13;8). Fluorescence in situ hybridization with yeast artificial chromosome and cosmid clones from 8q24.1 has shown an interstitial deletion of at least 3 Mb covering most of the TRPS I critical region. Received: 27 December 1996 / Accepted: 27 March 1997     

Partial trisomy for the segment 21(q11----qter) resulting from a de novo translocation between chromosomes 5 and 21

A 3 1/2-year-old boy is described whose Down syndrome resulted from partial 21 trisomy through unbalanced de novo translocation between the long arm of chromosome 21 and the short arm end of a No. 5: 46,XY,t(5;21)(p15;q11). This case is discussed and compared with 17 others collected from the literature, some of which derived from a maternal balanced translocation.     

De novo deletion of 1q31.1-q32.1 in a patient with developmental delay and behavioral disorders

We describe the case of a 6-year-old boy with a de novo deletion of the long arm of chromosome 1 encompassing band 1q31.1-q32.1, minor facial anomalies, mild developmental delay, and behavioral disorders. His postnatal karyotype was normal. Using array-comparative genomic hybridization, we identified and characterized a de novo 1q interstitial deletion of about 15.6 Mb, which partially overlaps those of other reported cases. We considered the gene content of the deleted region in an attempt to compare the clinical features of our patient with these other cases, even though they were not characterized molecularly in detail. The most remarkable difference was the absence of microcephaly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a de novo 1q31.1-q32.1 deletion. Moreover, it illustrates how molecular delineation associated with fine clinical characterization can improve the genotype-phenotype correlations of classical cytogenetic abnormalities.     

Proximal trisomy 13q and distal monosomy 8p in a dysmorphic and mentally retarded patient with an isodicentric chromosome 13q and a 13q/8p translocation chromosome

A 40 year-old dysmorphic and mentally retarded female is reported with a de novo unbalanced chromosomal rearrangement (karyotype: 46,XX,der(8)t(8;13)(p23;q123),idic(13)(pter-->q123: q123-->pter) resulting in an isodicentric chromosome 13 and a double aneusomy including partial trisomy 13 (13pter-q123) and distal monosomy 8p (8pter-p23). The main clinical findings consist of developmental/mental retardation, behavioural disturbances and minor congenital defects, not consistent with the clinical pattern of either of the two aneusomies. A mechanism for the chromosome rearrangement is proposed and the absence of specific physical findings in the present patient is discussed in the light of the available literature data.     

Adjacent 2 meiotic disjunction. Report of a case resulting from a familial 13q;15q balanced reciprocal translocation and review of the literature

Summary An abnormal short-lived female infant with almost complete trisomy 13 (pterq32 or 33) and partial monosomy 15 (pterq14 or 15) resulting from an adjacent 2 meiotic disjunction of a paternal reciprocal translocation is described. Cases with monosomy of chromosome 15 material are reviewed. It appears likely that monosomy of an interstitial long arm segment, approximating to 15q2124, imparts the lethality associated with the full monosomic condition. Adjacent 2 disjunction in man has been further characterised by reviewing the literature.     

Normal phenotype and slight mental retardation in de novo distal 8p deletion (8pter----8p23.1:)

In this report we present a 9-year-old boy with mental retardation, behavioural problems and terminal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 8(8pter----8p23.1:). In contrast with previously reported patients with larger terminal and interstitial 8p deletions he did not present major phenotypic abnormalities.     

De novo complex autosomal translocation involving chromosomes 8, 13 and 15 in a girl with a sporadic retinoblastoma

Summary We report a case of a 5-month-old female with sporadic monolateral retinoblastoma (RB) with a constitutional de novo complex autosomal translocation involving chromosomes 8, 13 and 15 resulting in a deletion of chromosome 13q14 confirmed by esterase D assay. The translocation of the terminal portion of chromosome 8 has been observed by in situ hybridization with c-myc and thyroglobulin probes.     

Boy with seizures (West syndrome) and distal 7q duplication syndrome due to an unbalanced 7q;9p translocation

We report a 15 month old boy with prominent metopic suture, epicanthal folds, strabismus, low-set ears, microretrognathia, large anterior fontanel, bilateral simian creases, muscular hypotonia, and severe psychomotor retardation. He also had West syndrome. An electroencephalogram showed hypsarrythmia, and cranial MR indicated a myelinisation delay. Standard karyotyping showed additional material on one chromosome 9p. Using FISH, a terminal 7q duplication spanning 26 Mb in size and a terminal 9p deletion sized (at least) 9.1 Mb were identified. The father had a karyotype of t(7;9)(q33;p23) and the mother's karyotype was normal. The boy presented typical facial features of the distal 7q duplication syndrome but no genital anomalies attributable to his distal 9p deletion. We assume that the severe epilepsy is likely due to the trisomy 7q.