基于转录组分析鉴定苹果茉莉素响应基因

为阐明外源茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)诱导的苹果(Malus domestica)抗病分子机制, 以生长30天的Gala组培苗为试材, 用100 μmol∙L ^-1MeJA处理叶片12小时, 通过转录组测序, 结合生物信息学分析鉴定出苹果叶片中受MeJA诱导表达的基因。结果表明, 外源MeJA主要影响苹果叶片倍半萜类、三萜和类黄酮的生物合成, 以及芸薹素(BR)信号转导途径间接诱导的抗病性; 倍半萜类、三萜及类黄酮生物合成途径中的关键基因为MDP0000702120和MDP0000692178; MDP0000123379是联系芸薹素信号转导途径和植物-病原菌互作途径的关键调控基因。     

基于转录组分析鉴定苹果茉莉素响应基因

为阐明外源茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)诱导的苹果(Malus domestica)抗病分子机制, 以生长30天的Gala组培苗为试材, 用100 μmol?L ^-1MeJA处理叶片12小时, 通过转录组测序, 结合生物信息学分析鉴定出苹果叶片中受MeJA诱导表达的基因。结果表明, 外源MeJA主要影响苹果叶片倍半萜类、三萜和类黄酮的生物合成, 以及芸薹素(BR)信号转导途径间接诱导的抗病性; 倍半萜类、三萜及类黄酮生物合成途径中的关键基因为MDP0000702120和MDP0000692178; MDP0000123379是联系芸薹素信号转导途径和植物-病原菌互作途径的关键调控基因。     

基于转录组测序的羽衣甘蓝叶色相关基因分析

叶色是羽衣甘蓝重要的观赏性状之一。本研究采用Illumina Hi-Seq2500高通量测序技术,对基因型纯合的紫叶和白叶羽衣甘蓝叶片进行转录组测序,筛选差异基因并与GO和KEGG数据库比对进行注释分析,分析羽衣甘蓝叶色形成相关基因。结果显示,获得高质量短读序共104 608 770条,筛选出紫叶相对白叶的差异表达基因1 993个,其中上调表达基因1 094个,下调表达基因899个。根据GO功能分类可分为生物过程、细胞组分和分子功能3大类64功能组。根据KEGG代谢通路分析可以分为171类,在叶色相关的类黄酮生物合成途径中黄酮醇合成酶(FLS)、二氢黄酮醇4-还原酶(DFR)上调以及类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中的类胡萝卜素β-环化酶上调与紫叶形成关系密切。本研究丰富了羽衣甘蓝的转录组信息,获得了一些差异表达基因,为进一步研究羽衣甘蓝叶色形成的遗传机制提供了有价值的信息。     

Fruiting at High Temperature and Its Genetic Control in the Basidiomycete Flammulina velutipes

Of 10 geographic strains of Flammulina velutipes, 4 were found capable of fruiting at 22°C (Fr_H) rather than at the typical 15°C (Fr_L). Crosses made between Fr_H and Fr_L monokaryons were never observed to fruit at 22°C. However, some hybrids did fruit at the intermediate temperature of 18°C when grown on appropriate substrates, indicating incomplete dominance of the low-temperature requirement. Analysis of progeny of five Fr_H × Fr_L crosses indicated that a minimum of two genes appears to control the requirement for fruiting at ≤15°C. The genes are not closely linked to either incompatibility locus.     

Transcriptome Profiling and Molecular Pathway Analysis of Genes in Association with Salinity Adaptation in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is a freshwater fish but can tolerate a wide range of salinities. The mechanism of salinity adaptation at the molecular level was studied using RNA-Seq to explore the molecular pathways in fish exposed to 0, 8, or 16 (practical salinity unit, psu). Based on the change of gene expressions, the differential genes unions from freshwater to saline water were classified into three categories. In the constant change category (1), steroid biosynthesis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, fat digestion and absorption, complement and coagulation cascades were significantly affected by salinity indicating the pivotal roles of sterol-related pathways in response to salinity stress. In the change-then-stable category (2), ribosomes, oxidative phosphorylation, signaling pathways for peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, and fat digestion and absorption changed significantly with increasing salinity, showing sensitivity to salinity variation in the environment and a responding threshold to salinity change. In the stable-then-change category (3), protein export, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, tight junction, thyroid hormone synthesis, antigen processing and presentation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis—keratan sulfate were the significantly changed pathways, suggesting that these pathways were less sensitive to salinity variation. This study reveals fundamental mechanism of the molecular response to salinity adaptation in O. niloticus, and provides a general guidance to understand saline acclimation in O. niloticus.