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Taxonomy of the little‐studied brown algal species Punctaria mageshimensis (Ectocarpales s.l.) was reexamined by molecular phylogeny and morphology. In the genetic analyses of newly collected specimens using plastid rbcL and psaA gene sequences, the specimens morphologically referable to P. mageshimensis were phylogenetically distant from Ectocarpales s.l. and were included in the clade of Spatoglossum (Dictyotales). Morphological reexamination of the type specimen and newly collected specimens confirmed its systematic position in Dictyotales: Branched thallus; cushion‐shaped rhizoidal holdfast occasionally forming secondary holdfast at the bottom of the thallus; many discoidal plastids without pyrenoid per cell; tetrasporangium‐like reproductive structures with dark, homogeneous cell content; occurrence of hair tufts. Genetically P. mageshimensis was most related to a reported sequence of Spatoglossum asperum, but P. mageshimensis was considerably different from S. asperum as well as other known Spatoglossum species in the deep habitat and in having scarcely‐branched lanceolate and considerably thickened thallus. In conclusion, we propose the transfer of P. mageshimensis to Spatoglossum as S. mageshimense comb. nov. 相似文献
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生于蓼科植物上的小帽壳孢属一新种 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
报道生于蓼科植物头花蓼Polygonum capitatum叶片上的小帽壳孢属Pilidiella一新种。对该种结合形态描述及分子系统学分析明晰其分类地位。其主要形态特征是分生孢子器球形或近球形,分生孢子梭形至长椭圆形,基部钝尖,27.9-34.2×5.4-7.6µm,长宽比4.7-5.8,明显区别于该属其他种,故将其定为新种,命名为贵州小帽壳孢Pilidiella guizhouensis。研究标本保藏于贵州大学农学院植物病理学实验室（HGUP）。 相似文献
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Hiroshi Kawai Alison R. Sherwood Shinsuke Ui Takeaki Hanyuda 《Phycological Research》2023,71(2):100-106
The subtidal brown algal species Sporochnus dotyi Brostoff (Sporochnales, Phaeophyceae), which has been regarded as a Hawaiian endemic, is reported from Kushimoto, Kii Peninsula, Pacific coast of central Honshu, Japan, for the first time outside Hawai'i. The species grew on subtidal rocks ca. 5–20 m deep attached by a small conical holdfast. The erect thalli were 5–30 cm high, terete, robust and alternately branched in 1–2 orders. When mature, pedicellate receptacles developed on the branches, and formed elliptical sori 1 mm long with a pedicel 3–5 mm long. The apical parts of the thalli and the receptacles were terminated with a tuft of simple assimilatory filaments of up to 4 mm long and showed prominent green to yellow underwater iridescence. Reproductive filaments (paraphyses) were densely packed, simple, up to 200 μm long and bore 4–6 mostly unilateral unilocular zoidangia 20–22 μm long and 5–6 m in diameter. In the genetic analyses, the Sporochnus alga from Kushimoto had partial rbcL sequence identical to S. dotyi from Hawai'i. The cox3 phylogeny revealed that this alga formed a fully supported clade with S. dotyi. Therefore, we identified the alga from Kushimoto as S. dotyi. This finding of S. dotyi from Japan, together with the recent reports of the mesophotic macroalgae Ryuguphycus kuaweuweu (=Umbraulva kuaweuweu), Ulva iliohaha and Newhousia imbricata from various localities in the Pacific Ocean including Japan, suggest closer biogeographical connections of subtidal/mesophotic macroalgae in the Pacific than previously recognized. 相似文献
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Laura Brenes‐Guilln Daniela Vidaurre‐Barahona Saylen Morales Marielos Mora‐Lpez Ana Sittenfeld Lorena Uribe‐Lorío 《Journal of phycology》2021,57(1):183-198
Central America is one of the most important biodiversity hot spots in the world, and Costa Rican microbial communities from thermal springs are the best characterized in the isthmus. Miravalles is an inactive quaternary stratovolcano, and the Rincón de la Vieja is a unique active volcano, in whose slopes diverse hydrothermal springs, such as Las Lilas, are located. These springs harbor extensive microbial mats, whose diversity has been studied. Based on their importance as primary producers, in this study we focused on cultured cyanobacterial diversity from two geothermal environments of northern Costa Rica. Several cultural, molecular and taxonomic techniques were employed to maximize the results of a polyphasic approach. Sample collection sites were physicochemically described, and strains were isolated and characterized by light and electron microscopy. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequences and amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). Fifty‐six phylotypes were isolated and classified into 21 morphotypes and identified in 14 genera, some of them might be new species within these genera. Furthermore, according to phylogenetic analysis, there are three possible new genera in our collection. Miravalles and Las Lilas thermal springs are reservoirs of novel phylogeographic lineages of phototrophic microorganisms. This study is the first report of strains that belong to the genera Gloeocapsa, Stanieria, Microseira, Klisinema and Oculatella isolated from thermal springs and growing at temperatures above 50°C. We also obtained isolates assigned to Synechococcus, Leptolyngbya spp., and Fischerella, which are considered typical strains in these environments. 相似文献
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The Oriental neotenic net-winged beetles attracted attention of biologists due to conspicuous large-bodied females; nevertheless phylogenetic relationships remain contentious and only a few species are known in both the fully metamorphosed males and neotenic females. The phylogenetic analyses and morphology of larvae and adults provide data for investigation of relationships and species delineation. Platrilus Kazantsev, 2009, Platerodriloplesius Wittmer, 1944, and Falsocalochromus Pic, 1942 are synonymized to Platerodrilus Pic, 1921. Platrilus hirtus (Wittmer, 1938) and Pl. crassicornis (Pic, 1923) are transferred to Platerodrilus Pic, 1921. Platerodrilus hoiseni Wong, 1996 is proposed as a junior subjective synonym of Falsocalochromus ruficollis Pic, 1942. Platerodrilus is divided in three species-groups: P. paradoxus, P. major, and P. sinuatus groups defined based on the shape of genitalia and molecular phylogeny. The following species are described: Platerodrilus foliaceussp. n., P. wongisp. n. (P. paradoxus group); P. ngisp. n., P. wittmeri (P. major group), P. ijenensissp. n., P. luteussp. n., P. maninjauensissp. n., P. montanussp. n., P. palawanensissp. n., P. ranauensissp. n., P. sibayakensissp. n., P. sinabungensissp. n., P. talamauensissp. n., and P. tujuhensissp. n. (P. sinuatus group). P. korinchiana robinsoni Blair, 1928 is elevated to the species rank as P. robinsoni Blair, 1928, stat. n. The conspecific semaphoronts are identified using molecular phylogeny for P. foliaceussp. n., P. tujuhensissp. n., P. montanussp. n., P. maninjauensissp. n.; additional female larvae are assigned to the species-groups. Diagnostic characters are illustrated and keys are provided for P. paradoxus and P. major groups. 相似文献
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Rubia L. is the type genus of the coffee family Rubiaceae and the third largest genus in the tribe Rubieae, comprising ca. 80 species restricted to the Old World. China is an important diversity center for Rubia, where approximately half of its species occur. However, its internal phylogenetic relationships are still poorly understood. The objective of the present study is to contribute to the phylogenetic relationships within Rubia, using the nuclear internal transcribed spacer and six plastid markers and focusing on species from China. Twenty-seven species of Rubia were sampled to infer their phylogeny using Maximum parsimony, Maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analyses. The monophyly of Rubia is supported, provided that R. rezniczenkoana Litv. is excluded from Rubia and transferred to Galium as a new combination: G. rezniczenkoanum (Litv.) L. E Yang & Z. L. Nie. Within Rubia, two clades are clearly supported. They correspond to the traditional sect. Rubias.l. (A) and sect. Oligoneura Pojark. (B), and are morphologically mainly separable by their pinnate (A) versus palmate (B) leaf venation. Plesiomorphic features are the pinnate leaf veining in sect. Rubia s.l. and the occurrence of some species with opposite leaves and true stipules in sect. Oligoneura. In sect. Oligoneura one can assume an evolution from species with opposite leaves and true stipules (as in the R. siamensis Craib group) to those with whorls of two leaves and two leaf-like stipules (as in ser. Chinenses and the R. mandersii Collett & Hemsl. group) and finally with whorls of 6 or even more elements (as in ser. Cordifoliae). The correlation between clades recognized by DNA analyses and available differential morphological features is partly only loose, particularly in the group of R. cordifolia with 2×, 4×, and 6× cytotypes. This may be due to rapid evolutionary divergence and/or hybridization and allopolyploidy. 相似文献
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Kensuke Ichihara Shogo Arai Masayuki Uchimura Etienne J. Fay Hiroki Ebata Masanori Hiraoka Satoshi Shimada 《Phycological Research》2009,57(2):94-103
Ulva limnetica Ichihara et Shimada, sp. nov. (Ulvales, Ulvophyceae) is described from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, and is characterized by thalli that are: (i) branched, tubular, fragile and wrinkled; (ii) up to 80 cm in height and up to 2 cm in diameter; (iii) light to yellowish green in color; and (iv) having an asexual reproduction by means of quadriflagellate swarmers. Rhizoidal cells bear tubular extensions on the outside of the cell layer in the stipe. Ulva limnetica is distinguished from species with similar thalli by chloroplast disposition, branching pattern, number of pyrenoids per cell and gross morphology. It is also distinguished by sequences of the nuclear-encoded 18S ribosomal RNA gene, internal transcribed spacer 2 region and the plastid-encoded large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxgenase gene ( rbc L). Ulva limnetica was clustered with other Ulva species in an early diverging lineage within the genus. 相似文献
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James S. Boatwright Olivier Maurin Michelle van der Bank 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2015,179(2):288-294
The recent worldwide effort to transfer all non‐Australian taxa of Acacia s.l. mostly to the genera Senegalia and Vachellia follows the acceptance of the proposed re‐typification of the genus with an Australian species. The Madagascan species have, as yet, not been included in phylogenetic studies of Acacia s.l. and their position in the new generic classification of Acacia s.l. is therefore still unclear. In this study, plastid DNA sequence data were generated for seven Madagascan species, included in existing matrices for Acacia s.l. and analysed to assess the placement of these species. The results indicate that the Madagascan species are placed either in Senegalia or Vachellia and conform to the morphological characters used to distinguish these genera, despite some taxa having unusual red flowers. New combinations are formalized for Senegalia baronii , S . hildebrandtii , S . kraussiana ssp. madagascariensis , S . menabeensis , S . meridionalis , S . pervillei , S . pervillei ssp. pubescens , S . polhillii , S . sakalava , S . sakalava ssp. hispida , V achellia bellula , V . myrmecophila and V . vigueri . Nomenclatural errors are also corrected for three African taxa and, as such, new combinations are provided for Senegalia fleckii , S . hamulosa and V achellia theronii . © 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 179 , 288–294. 相似文献
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黑茶砖茶中两种产生“金花”的曲霉菌 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
"金花"是曲霉属Aspergillus真菌在黑茶后发酵过程中,在砖茶内部形成的黄色闭囊壳。从广西和湖南产的黑茶砖茶中分离获得2株"金花菌",均能在培养基上形成闭囊壳。根据分离菌株的培养特征和微观形态特征及β-微管蛋白基因(Ben A)、钙调蛋白基因(Ca M)及RNA聚合酶Ⅱ基因(RPB2)的系统发育分析,参照Hubka最新的曲霉属曲霉组Aspergillus section Aspergillus分类系统,将分离菌株分别鉴定为假灰绿曲霉A.pseudoglaucus及冠突曲霉A.cristatus。另外,通过扫描电镜对这2株"金花菌"进行了形态观察,并记录了菌株A672闭囊壳的发育过程。在广西产砖茶中分离鉴定出的"金花菌"假灰绿曲霉为国内首次报道。通过比较,将过去湖南产砖茶中广泛报道的"金花菌"冠突散囊菌修订为冠突曲霉A.cristatus。黑茶茶砖中"金花菌"的分离与鉴定对于黑茶品种的鉴别和质量评价具有重要指导意义。 相似文献
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对来自黑龙江的木霉属真菌进行系统分类研究,报道了该属3个中国新记录种：平展橙红木霉Trichoderma auranteffusum,塔梗木霉T. pyramidale 和革菌生木霉T. thelephoricola,对其宏观和微观特征提供了详细描述及图示,系统发育分析为上述种的分类地位提供了佐证。 相似文献
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A taxonomic study of two brown algal species, Elachista nigra Takamatsu and Elachista orbicularis (Ohta) Skinner (Elachistaceae), was performed on the basis of morphological observations of field‐collected and laboratory cultured specimens from Japan (including their type localities) and molecular phylogenetic analyses. The two species had been distinguished by developmental patterns of paraphysis‐ and plurizoidangium‐bearing erect filaments, such filaments of E. nigra developing from wide erect filaments and those of E. orbicularis developing directly from basal prostrate filaments. However, many specimens investigated in the present study showed forms intermediate between these two patterns. Molecular phylogenetic analyses (including five additional elachistacean species) based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)2 region of the nuclear ribosomal RNA (nrRNA) gene showed a close relationship between all samples of E. nigra and E. orbicularis, and that the developmental patterns of paraphysis‐ and plurizoidangium‐bearing erect filaments were homoplasious. On the basis of these morphological and molecular data, E. orbicularis was reduced to synonymy with E. nigra. The ITS2 sequences of E. nigra were significantly different between samples from the Sea of Japan and those from the Pacific Ocean with several insertion/deletion and substitution mutations. 相似文献