雷公青冈和滇南青冈学名订正

分布于华南的雷公青冈Quercus hui Chun和分布于云南及广西的滇南青冈Q.austroglauca(Y.T.Chang)Y.T.Chang长期被认为是我国特有植物,实则分别为越南北部分布的Q.auricoma A.Camus和云南东南部分布的龙迈青冈Q.lungmaiensis(Hu)C.C.Huang & ...     

棒花羊蹄甲和薯叶藤的学名订正

分布于云南西双版纳的棒花羊蹄甲Bauhinia claviflora L. Chen和海南的薯叶藤B. dioscoreifolia L. Chen长期被认为是国产特有种植物,实际上分别是广泛分布的缅甸羊蹄甲B. nervosa (Wall. ex Benth.) Baker和牛蹄麻B. khasiana Baker。作者依命名法予以归并。     

五味子属植物的分类学订正

根据对12个国家53个标本馆收藏的5,000余份五味子属Schisandra植物标本的研究,结合野外调查和采集,对世界范围的五味子属种类作了分类学订正。在五味子属中,10个种被确认,22个种、7个亚种、14个变种和1个变型的名称被作为新异名。文中附有分种检索表。     

涪陵银莲花(毛茛科)的名实订正

通过标本检查,发现毛茛科涪陵银莲花(Anemone fulingensis W. T. Wang & Z. Y. Liu)与川西银莲花(A. prattii Huth ex Ulbr.)属于同一种植物,故将前者处理为后者的异名。揭示川西银莲花的花粉具6~10 带沟。澄清了川西银莲花的地理分布,讨论了与其近缘种滇川银莲花(A. delavayi Franch.)的形态区别。     

中国作物常见菌物病害及其病原名录——主要粮食和油料作物

菌物病害是植物病害中占比最大的一类,为害重且分布广,对农业生产造成严重损失。有效防控植物病害的基础是对病原物进行正确鉴定,而学名是病原物的信息载体。随着菌物分类学研究的不断深入,其命名规则也在不断变化。墨尔本和深圳两届国际植物学大会确定和完善了《国际藻类、菌物和植物命名法规》,自此菌物的命名开始实行“一菌一名”规则。但许多非菌物分类工作者难以跟踪菌物名称最新变更,这使得植物病原菌物名称的使用较为混乱,因此菌物学名统一问题亟待解决。从《中国农作物病虫害》第三版筛选中国常见农作物菌物病害将其分为三部分,本文为第一部分,主要介绍粮食和油料作物菌物病害,共195个,涉及病原菌物物种212个。对筛选出的病原菌物拉丁学名按照最新命名法规、世界菌物名称数据库以及最新菌物分类学研究成果进行核对,并按作物种类列出病害名称、病原菌物的中文名和现用拉丁学名,部分包含基原异名和常见异名。植物病原菌物学名统一规范地使用有利于植物病害的诊断,也为学术交流、信息传递和大众科普等工作的开展提供依据。     

小五台银莲花(毛茛科)的名实订正(英文)

通过标本检查,发现小五台银莲花(Anemone xiaowutaishanica W.T.WangBing Liu)与银莲花(A.cathayensis Kitag.ex ZimanKadota)属于同一种植物,故将前者处理为后者的异名。由于银莲花属于银莲花亚组[subsection Omalocarpus(DC.)Tamura],故同时将根据小五台银莲花而建立的小五台银莲花组(section Leptothece W.T.WangBing Liu)处理为银莲花亚组的异名。     

黄算珠树(叶下珠科)的名实订正

黄算珠树(Glochidion fortunei Hance)在《中国植物志》和《Flora of China》中被处理为算盘子[G.puber(L.)Hutch.]的异名,但在《广东植物志》中则作为独立物种所收录。基于形态特征比较和文献研究,黄算珠树与台闽算盘子(G.rubrum Blume)实为同种,故将黄算珠树处理为台闽算盘子的异名。另外,将算盘子的学名由Glochidion puberum纠正为G.puber。     

越南产沙巴银莲花(毛茛科)的名实订正(英文)

通过标本检查,发现越南产毛茛科沙巴银莲花(Anemone chapaensis Gagnep.)与主要分布于我国的拟卵叶银莲花(A.howellii J.F.JeffreyW.W.Smith)属于同一种植物,故将前者处理为后者的异名。     

南五味子属(五味子科)一些种类的分类学订正

根据对12个国家54个标本馆所收藏的5000余份南五味子属植物标本的研究,结合野外调查和采集,对南五味子属的一些种类作了分类学订正:将仁昌南五味子归并入狭叶南五味子,将菲律宾南五味子和盘柱南五味子归并入异型南五味子,将长梗南五味子、城口南五味子、少齿南五味子、麦克氏南五味子和峨嵋南五味子归并入南五味子,将苏拉威西南五味子归并入南洋南五味子,将史氏南五味子归并入柄果南五味子。在南五味子属中,11个种被确认。     

中国蛇根草属(茜草科)几种植物的分类学订正

根据对中国蛇根草属Ophiorrhiza植物标本的研究和野外调查,将琼崖蛇根草O.aureolina f.qiongyaensis Lo和溪畔蛇根草O.humilis Tseng归并入短小蛇根草O.pumila Champ.ex Benth.,将海南蛇根草O.hainanensis Tseng归并入垂花蛇根草O.nutans C.B.Clarke,将广西蛇根草O.kwangsiensis Merr.exLi和变黑蛇根草O.nigricans Lo归并入日本蛇根草O.japonica Bl.,将龙州蛇根草O.longzhouensis Lo和圆锥蛇根草O.paniculiformis Lo归并入广州蛇根草O.cantoniensis Hance。     

中国大陆百合科的一个新分布属和种

百合科胡麻花属(Heloniopsis)的植物以前在中国大陆未曾报道,胡麻花(Heloniopsis umbellata Baker)确属百合科在中国大陆的1个新分布种,此次为首次报道。     

寄生真菌与百合科寄主分类学关系初探

将寄生在百合科上11个属的真菌列成图谱,发现霜霉目（Peronosporales)只寄生葱属（Allium),小煤炱目（Meliolales)只寄生菝葜属（Smilax)。结果显示,葱属和菝葜属之间以及与其他9个属之间的亲缘关系均比较远,这与哈钦松分类系统相吻合,这对有较高经济价值的百合科的分类提供了重要佐证。     

Hybridity as a main evolutionary force in the genus Gagea Salisb. (Liliaceae)

Abstract

The important role of hybridity in the evolution of the genus Gagea is becoming clear, through morphological, karyological and molecular evidences. Several species were recently inferred or hypothesized to be of hybrid origin; especially in sect. Didymobulbos, sect. Fistulosae and sect. Gagea. Representative case studies, such as G. luberonensis J.-M. Tison, G. polidorii J.-M. Tison and G. pomeranica Ruthe, are presented and discussed.

Since many Gagea species show very reduced or null sexual reproduction vs. a massive vegetative propagation, there are several problems in distinguishing hybrids from hybridogenous species in this genus. The actual trend is to consider them at specific level because of their ability to stabilize, at least through vegetative propagation by bulblets and/or bulbils.     

Cladistic information in phylogenetic definitions and designated phylogenetic contexts for the use of taxon names

A phylogenetic definition of a taxon name associates that name with a clade through its reference to a particular ancestor and all of its descendants. Depending on one's perspective, phylogenetic definitions name either clades on the one true, but unknown, phylogeny, or components on cladograms (clades on hypotheses regarding the true phylogeny). Phylogenetic definitions do not contain enough information to identify components without a reference cladogram. As a result, (1) if clades are equated with components on cladograms, a phylogenetic definition may associate a taxon name with different clades on different cladograms, and (2) the inclusiveness, diagnostic synapomorphies, and distribution in time and space of the clade with a particular name can differ markedly depending on the phylogenetic hypothesis one chooses to adopt. This potentially unacceptable lability in the clade to which a name refers can be avoided by using a taxon name in conjunction with only phylogenetic hypotheses on which specific taxa are related in a particular fashion. This designated phylogenetic context can be described in an n-taxon statement that would be appended to the phylogenetic definition. Use of the taxon name would be considered inappropriate in conjunction with cladograms on which the relationships contradict those in the n-taxon statement. Whereas phylogenetic definitions stabilize the meaning of taxon names, designated phylogenetic contexts would stabilize the usage of those names.     

中国横断山区狭义百合科四属部分植物核型研究

用细胞压片法对分布于中国横断山区的百合科4属部分植物进行了核型研究,其中百合属（Lilium）中除卷丹（L．tigrinum）为三倍体2n=36外,大部分都是2倍体,2n=24;贝母属（Fritillaria）全为2倍体,2n=24,其次缢痕较多,且比较明显;假百合属假百合（Notholirion bulbuliferum）同时存在2倍体和3倍体,2n=24以及2n=36;洼瓣花属（Lloydia）只研究了一种,即西藏洼瓣花（Lloydia tibetica）,发现2n=23。4个属的核型区别明显,为确定属间亲缘关系提供了一定的参考。其中,马塘百合（L．matangense）和西藏洼瓣花的核型是首次报道。     

Pollen morphology of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) in Iran

Pollen grains of 26 species of the genus Gagea distributed in Iran were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Detailed pollen morphological characteristics are given for these species. Among the studied species, the newly described G. iranica together with G. olgae and G. graminifolia possess the smallest pollen grains, and the widely distributed G. lutea the largest ones. Our studies show that the sculpturing of exine provides valuable characters for separating the species, sometimes even for closely related ones, and delimitation of natural groups within the genus. The exine of the genus Gagea is in most cases perforated upon tectum or rarely tectate-columellate. The muri are solid or structured, compound, simpli-, dupli- or pluricolumellate. It seems that the structure of muri is very important in recognizing natural groups within the genus. Tectal perforations vary from <0.2 to 2.0 μm in diameter among the studied species. Regarding sculpturing of the exine in proximal face, four basic types of pollen grains can be distinguished: reticulate, microreticulate, foveolate and perforate. Within the reticulate type there is sufficient variation in exine structure at distal face to describe three subtypes: reticulate, microreticulate and perforate. A diagnostic key is given for all studied taxa based on palynomorphological characters. For a limited number of populations of selected Iranian species of Gagea, further aspects of pollen biology were studied. It seems that populations with ploidy levels other than diploidy, show a low percentage of pollen fertility. Moreover, the rate of pollen fertility is correlated with the manner of the reproduction in certain species.     

深圳马峦山地区百合科和兰科植物资源及其在生态环境构建中的意义

百合科、兰科植物是重要的资源植物,在系统演化、物种多样性研究等方面均有重要意义。本文对马峦山地区百合科、兰科植物的种类、数量、生存状况、区域分布等进行调查,共收集百合科植物9属14种,分别占深圳市该科属种总数的64.3%和70.0%;兰科植物22属28种,分别占深圳市该科属种总数的68.8%和54.9%。在此基础上,对深圳中轴线地区自西至东依次出现的凤凰山森林公园(百合科3属3种;兰科4属4种)、铁岗森林公园(百合科3属3种;兰科4属4种)、塘朗山森林公园(百合科5属5种;兰科8属9种)、梧桐山风景区(百合科8属12种;兰科17属30种)、排牙山自然保护区(百合科7属8种;兰科26属35种)、七娘山地质公园(百合科9属10种;兰科21属30种)等的百合科、兰科植物进行比较研究,结合生态环境的梯度变化,说明其在生态环境、森林植被构建中的指示意义,并提出了对百合科、兰科植物加强保护、管理和研究的措施。     

Taxonomic and phytogeographic studies on the genus Aspidistra Ker-gawl.(Liliaceae) in China

Aspidistra is a genus mainly found in eastern Asia, with its distribution and differentiation center in Guangxi of China. In the present paper, all the taxa hitherto recorded in China are taxonomically and phytogeographically revised. As a result, 47 species are recognized, of which 45 are endemic to China and four are new to science, i. e. A. ebianensis K. Y. Lang et Z. Y. Zhu, A. fenghuangensis K. Y. Lang, A. oblongifolia F. T. Wang et K. Y. Lang and A. fosciaria G. Z. Li, A key to all species is provided and all the speci-mens examined are cited.