蝮蛇抗栓酶和酚妥拉明治疗肺心病疗效观察

１３例肺心病急性发作期的患者,应用蝮蛇抗栓酶和酚妥拉明治疗,分别在一个疗程开始前和结束后观察心率、ＰａＯ２、ＰａＣＯ２、全血比粘度,血浆比粘度、红细胞压积、纤维蛋白原。其结果是心率减慢、ＰａＯ２增高,ＰａＣＯ２降低,全血比粘度、血浆比粘度、红细胞压积,纤维蛋白原均降低,经ｔ检验Ｐ＜０．０１。症状明显改善,心肺功能好转。文章对蝮蛇抗栓酶和酚妥拉明的作用机理进行了分析和探讨。     

尖吻蝮蛇毒去纤酶制剂对家兔体内外凝血作用的影响

本文报导了尖吻蝮蛇毒去纤酶(defibrase)对家兔体内外凝血作用的影响。 体外实验表明,去纤酶和凝血酶具有相同的作用,它能将血浆纤维蛋白原变成纤维蛋白,后者是非交联性的,去纤酶能降解纤维蛋白原的α—链从而使血块进一步溶解,不致产生血管内凝血。 体内实验表明,去纤酶显著延长全血凝血时间,凝血酶时间和凝血酶原时间,注射去纤酶后,家兔血液中的血浆纤维蛋白原降低,优球蛋白溶解时间显著缩短,对因子Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅹ、ⅩⅢ和血小板因子却无明显影响。 体内外实验表明,尖吻蝮蛇毒去纤酶制剂似乎具有纤溶和去纤两种性质。     

回生口服液对晚期非小细胞肺癌患者血浆纤维蛋白原和血小板水平的影响

目的：研究回生口服液对晚期非小细胞肺癌患者血浆纤维蛋白原和血小板水平的影响。方法：选取2011年1月至2013年7月已被收治的112例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者按照知情同意原则随机分为治疗组（60例）和对照组（52例）两组,治疗组在支持、对症治疗的基础上口服回生口服液治疗,对照组仅给予支持、对症治疗,4周后观察两组患者经两种不同的治疗方案治疗后患者血浆纤维蛋白原及血小板水平变化。结果：治疗组经给药治疗后血浆纤维蛋白原及血小板水平与治疗前相近,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;对照组经治疗后血浆纤维蛋白原及血小板水平较治疗前高,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;治疗组给药治疗后血浆纤维蛋白原及血小板水平均较对照组低,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：回生口服液可能是通过降低血浆纤维蛋白原及血小板的含量从而改善晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的血液高凝状态。     

蝮蛇抗栓酶对冻伤家兔血凝系统某些指标的影响

本研究观察了家兔双后足重度冻伤后用蝮蛇抗栓酶（０．２５Ｕ／ｋｇ体重加入２０ｍｌ／ｋｇ体重生理盐水中,耳缘静脉点滴）进行治疗后其血凝系统某些指标的改变。结果表明,重度冻伤后家兔的出血时间及凝血时间明显缩短,血小板功能呈不同程度的改变,血浆纤维蛋白原含量增加,血液处于高凝状态;用蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗后,上述各项指标均有不同程度的改善,结果提示,蝮蛇抗栓酶可明显缓解冻伤所致的血凝增强的病变过程,这对重度冻伤的治疗将起到重要作用     

蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗周围血管病的护理体会

蝮蛇抗栓酶是从蝮蛇蛇毒中提取的酶制剂,具有降低血浆纤维蛋白原、降低血液粘稠度和降低血小板聚集功效,是临床上较好的抗血栓药物。我科近年来,以蝮蛇抗栓酶为主治疗３３例周围血管病,效果满意,现将护理体会报告如下：１临床资料本组３３例中男性２１例,女性１２例...     

回生口服液对晚期非小细胞肺癌患者血浆纤维蛋白原和 血小板水平的影响

目的：研究回生口服液对晚期非小细胞肺癌患者血浆纤维蛋白原和血小板水平的影响。方法：选取2011 年1 月至2013 年7 月已被收治的112 例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者按照知情同意原则随机分为治疗组（60 例）和对照组（52 例）两组,治疗组在支持、对 症治疗的基础上口服回生口服液治疗,对照组仅给予支持、对症治疗,4 周后观察两组患者经两种不同的治疗方案治疗后患者血 浆纤维蛋白原及血小板水平变化。结果：治疗组经给药治疗后血浆纤维蛋白原及血小板水平与治疗前相近,差异均无统计学意义 （P>0.05）;对照组经治疗后血浆纤维蛋白原及血小板水平较治疗前高,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗组给药治疗后血浆纤 维蛋白原及血小板水平均较对照组低,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：回生口服液可能是通过降低血浆纤维蛋白原及血小 板的含量从而改善晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的血液高凝状态。     

蝮蛇抗栓酶引起皮下出血2例报告（摘要）

蝮蛇抗栓酶引起皮下出血２例报告（摘要）泉州市人民医院林丽玉,伍淑瑛我院应用蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗脑血栓６４例中,发现有２例治疗过程中出现皮下出血斑,该２例为男性,均为急性脑血栓形成,入院时查血尿便常规及血小板,出凝血时间及纤维蛋白原均在正常范围,蝮蛇抗栓酶每...     

蝮蛇抗栓酶对高粘血症患者血液流变与微循环影响的观察

静注蝮蛇抗栓酶并口服青龙胶囊治疗高粘血症１４０例患者。结果显示,蝮蛇抗栓酶能明显降低血液粘度,表现为全血粘度、血浆粘度、全血还原粘度及纤维蛋白原降低,同时降低甲襞微循环形态、流态及管周状态积分。探讨其改善血液粘度机制。     

血浆置换方法在儿童毒蛇咬伤中的临床意义

目的探讨血浆置换治疗儿童毒蛇咬伤的临床疗效。方法对16例毒蛇咬伤患儿给予局部切开排毒、封闭、抗蛇毒血清和支持保护治疗,在此基础上进行血浆置换,观察比较血浆置换前后的凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间、凝血活酶时间、纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、谷丙转氨酶、尿素、肌酐、白细胞及血小板计数的情况。结果血浆置换前,患儿局部伤口红肿、渗血、患肢明显肿胀,具有刺痛或麻木感,D-二聚体明显升高,凝血酶原时间明显延长,出现凝血障碍与肝肾功能异常。血浆置换后,患儿伤口结痂,患肢肿胀消退,无刺痛或麻木感,凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间、凝血活酶时间、D-二聚体、谷丙转氨酶、尿素、肌酐、白细胞计数均低于治疗前,Fbg、血小板计数高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。临床治愈率为93.75%(15/16)。结论血浆置换是治疗儿童毒蛇咬伤的有效方法,能有效改善患儿的凝血功能及肝肾功能,具有临床推广价值。     

蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗心房纤颤的体会

我院采用蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗心房纤颤6例,结果阵发性房颤3例痊愈,持续性房颤3例无效.应用蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗阵发性房颤获得良好效果,原因是蝮蛇抗栓酶有降低血浆纤维蛋白原和血液粘度,改善微循环及扩张冠脉等功能,从而改善心肌和心脏传导系统的血液、氧、能量的供应.恢复心脏的正常功能,消除折返激动而终止房颤.     

Blood viscosity parameter correlation with types of leukemia.

We investigated the hemorheological, hematological and biochemical parameters in 30 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 21 cases of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and 30 cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The parameters studied include whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), red cell filterability, hematocrit, platelet count and aggregation, fibrinogen, hemoglobin, leucocyte count, bleeding time and lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH). In the cases of ALL we observed significant decrease in whole blood viscosity, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet count but an increase in plasma viscosity, fibrinogen, bleeding time and LDH activity. In the cases of AML, we observed increase in whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, ESR, fibrinogen, leucocyte count, bleeding time and LDH activity but decrease in the hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet count. In the cases of CML, we observed an increase of whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, ESR, fibrinogen elevation but decreases in bleeding time. In all cases, red cell filterability was unaffected.     

降纤酶治疗高粘血症40例报告

目的：观察降纤酶治疗高粘血症患者的临床疗效。方法用生理盐水２５０ｍｌ加降纤酶５ｕ,体重超过６５ｋｇ和１０ｕ,静脉滴注,每天１次,连用３天,第４天停用,第５天开始隔天静脉滴注降纤酶５ｕ或者１０ｕ,总量６０ｕ。结果降纤酶能明显地降低高粘血症患者的血液粘度、纤维蛋白原、红细胞聚集指数、微循环滞留时间等,同时也能使患者原有临床症状和体征以及微循环得到明显改善,结论降纤酶是治疗高粘血症的有效药物。     

血浆置换及血小板输注治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜疗效观察

摘要 目的：探究血浆置换及血小板输注治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜疗效。方法：选择2016年2月至2019年1月于我院接受治疗的60例特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者为研究对象,按照其选择治疗方式的差异将其分为血小板输注组（20例）及血浆置换（Plasma exchange,PE）组（40例）,对比两组患者治疗有效率、治疗前后血细胞计数变化情况以及治疗中各类不良反应发生情况。结果：血小板输注组患者治疗显效数10例,有效数6例,总有效率80.00 %,PE组患者治疗显效数27例,有效数12例,治疗总有效率97.50 %,PE组治疗总有效率高于血小板输注组（P<0.05）。与治疗前比较,PE组患者的PLT、RBC计数和Hb水平出现了明显的升高,WBC计数出现明显的下降（P<0.05）,血小板输注组PLT、RBC计数和Hb水平也出现明显升高,WBC计数水平出现下降（P<0.05）,但组间比较显示治疗后PE组患者上述指标均优于血小板输注组（P<0.05）。血小板输注组患者不良反应总发生人数为4人,不良反应总发生率为20.00 %,PE组总不良反应发生人数3人,不良反应总发生率为7.50 %,PE组不良反应总发生率明显低于血小板输注组（P<0.05）。结论：血血浆置换及血小板输注治疗均对特发性血小板减少性紫癜具有较好的治疗效果,能够显著改善患者血细胞计数异常情况,但血浆置换治疗安全性更高。     

清栓酶对过氧化脂质含量影响的研究

将５４例冠心病、高血压病、糖尿病及脑梗塞病人,随机分为对照组与清栓酶组。对照组２６例,常规药物治疗,清栓酶组２８例,在常规药物治疗基础上加用蝮蛇清栓酶０．５ｕ,稀释静脉点滴,一日一次,１４天为一疗程。观察到蝮蛇清栓酶能明显升高超氧化物岐化酶活性（Ｐ＜０．０１）,明显降低过氧化脂质的终末代谢产物丙二醛含量（Ｐ＜０．０１）,说明蝮蛇清栓酶能有效减轻自由基损伤。     

Fibrinolytic Enzyme System and Pregnancy

The effect of pregnancy on the components of the fibrinolytic enzyme system was determined by serial observations on 10 healthy women during normal pregnancy, labour, and the puerperium. The plasminogen level was substantially increased in the third trimester; the increase occurred pari passu with a pronounced increase in fibrinogen concentration. After allowing for the expansion of plasma volume in pregnancy a twofold increase in the absolute amounts of circulating fibrinogen and plasminogen was found. In late pregnancy and during labour the level of plasminogen activator was greatly decreased, whereas a normal or increased level was present in the first week of the puerperium. No alteration in the levels of inhibitors of plasminogen activation by urokinase was found during normal pregnancy. The thrombin time and platelet count remained unchanged during pregnancy and labour but the platelet count rose significantly during the first week of the puerperium.The haemostatic mechanism in pregnancy appears to be altered towards an enhanced capacity to form fibrin and a diminished ability to lyse fibrin. These changes may be a physiological development to ensure the integrity of the foetal and maternal circulations and provide rapid and effective haemostasis in the uterus during and after placental separation. Nevertheless, the changes may also establish a vulnerable state for intravascular fibrin deposition.     

Concentration of kininogens and low molecular kininogen antigen in plasma of pregnant rabbits and newborn progeny in health and following intravenous infusion of purified thrombin

High levels of trypsin-releasing kinin and low molecular plasma kininogen antigen were detected in plasma of pregnant female rabbits. Respective values in plasma of their new born progeny was 2.7 times lower than that in maternal plasma. Intravenous infusion of the highly purified bovine thrombin administered to pregnant female rabbits markedly decreased plasma fibrinogen platelet count and increased fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products in blood serum. A marked decrease of trypsin-releasing kinin plasma levels accompanied these changes. No changes in the kininogen antigen levels were seen during the same experiments. Thrombin infusions administered to pregnant female rabbits did not produce measurable changes in trypsin-releasing kinin levels and plasma low molecular kininogen antigen in the progeny obtained for the investigations with the aid of cesarean section.     

Hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis in sickle-cell disease.

Fifty-two patients with sickle-cell (SC) disease (48 with SC-beta-thalassaemia and 4 with homozygous SC-anaemia) were studied as regards blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. It was found that the thrombin and the reptilase times of the patients' plasma were significantly shorter than normal. The mean values of platelet count, fibrinogen level and factor VIII activity of patients with SC disease were higher than normal; however, in the group of patients transfused, with less than 50% haemoglobin S (HbS), the fibrinogen level and the factor VIII activity were significantly lower compared to the other patients. Antithrombin-III (At-III) activity was normal in all. The fibrinolytic activity was normal in patients with asymptomatic SC disease, but reduced in patients on painful crises. Plasminogen and fibrinogen/fibrin degradation product (FDP) levels were normal in all patients. Two patients on painful crises with complications had additional abnormal findings, namely prolonged prothrombin time, reduced At-III level and elevated FDP.     

Platelet fibrinogen. Identity and initial observations on the mode of its degradation by plasmin.

Fibrinogen has been purified from human platelets. Platelet fibrinogen exhibits a characteristic pattern in agar gel immunoelectrophoresis different from that of plasma fibrinogen. Stepwise plasmin degradation has been used in further elucidation of the molecular properties of the platelet protein. Examination of comparative digests by immunologic and gel electrophoretic methods has revealed that (1) the platelet protein is more resistant to plasmin degradation, (2) the plasmin-produced fragments of platelet fibrinogen differ consistently from those of its plasma counterpart, and (3) platelet fibrinogen is different from fragment X of plasma fibrinogen. It is suggested that platelet fibrinogen may contribute to the stability of the thrombus.