蚜小蜂属一新种：膜翅目：蚜小蜂科

本文报道黑龙江省哈尔滨市寄生于椴斑蚜的蚜小蜂属１新种;椴斑蚜蚜小蜂Ａｐｈｅｌｉｎｕｓ ｔｉｌｉａｐｈｉｄｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．并详细描述其分类特征及近似种的区别。所有模式标本保存于东北林业大学昆虫标本室。     

平腹小蜂属四新种记述：（膜翅目：旋小蜂科）

本文记述平腹小蜂属Ａｎａｓｔａｔｕｓ ４新种,即石城平腹小蜂Ａ;Ｓｈｉｃｈｅｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ;德兴平腹小蜂;Ａ;ｄｅｘｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ;麻纹蝽平腹小蜂Ａ;Ｆｕｌｌｏｉ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。及黄褐平腹小蜂Ａ;ｆｇｌａｖｉｐｅｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本保存于东西农业大学植物保护系昆虫标杯室。     

伏牛山小蜂科二新种：膜翅目：小蜂总科

本文记述河南省伏牛山膜翅目小蜂总科小蜂科２新种：吉丁锥腹小蜂Ｔｒｉｇｏｎｕｒａ ｃｈｒｙｓｏｂａｔｈｒａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,青冈梳角小蜂Ｃｈｉｒｏｃｅｒａ ｇｌａｕｃａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。２新种所隶属的属均为中国新记录属。新种的模式标本存在中国林业科学研究院森林保护研究所标本室。     

中国大痣小蜂属食植群记述（膜翅目：长尾小蜂科）

本文报导中国大痣小蜂属Ｍｅｇａｓｔｉｇｍｕｓ食植群Ｐｈｙｔｏｐｈａｇｏｕｓ ｇｒｏｕｐ １２种,其中包括５新种：黄杉大痣小蜂Ｍｅｇａｓｔｉｇｍｕｓ ｐｓｅｕｄｏｔｓｕｇａｐｈｉｌｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．（寄生华东黄杉Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｔｓｕｇａｇａｓｓｅｎｉｉ）,拟海棠大痣小蜂Ｍｅｇａｓｔｉｇｍｕｓ ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍａｌｉ ｓｐ．ｎ．（寄主不明）,基室大痣小蜂Ｍｅｇａｓｔｉｇｍｕｓ ｃｅｌｌｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ     

欧米啮小蜂属两新种记述：膜翅目：姬小蜂科：啮小蜂亚科

欧米啮小蜂属Ｏｏｍｙｚｕｓ Ｒｏｎｄａｎｉ异名有；Ｔｅｔｒａｓｔｉｃｈｕｓ Ｈａｌｉｄａｙ；Ａｐｒｏｓｔｏｃｅｔｕｓ Ｗｅｓｔｗｏｏｄ，本文记述２新种，标本均采自湖北省，存于江西农业大学植保系，寄主均为草蛉蛹。     

连褶金小蜂属分类研究（膜翅目：小蜂总科：金小蜂科）

本文研究了我国金小蜂科的一新纪录属,连褶金小蜂属Ｌｙｕｂａｎａ Ｂｏｕｃｅｋ,描述了３个新种：廖氏连褶金小蜂Ｌ．ｌｉａｏｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．、长腹连褶金小蜂Ｌ．ｌｏｎｇａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和长节连褶金小蜂Ｌ．ｐｒｏｌｏｎｇａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本存于中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆。     

中国跳小蜂科二新记录属三新种（膜翅目：小蜂总科）

本报道采自辽宁和黑龙江的跳小蜂３新种,即宽额奇异跳小蜂,Ｍｉｒａ ｌａｔｉｆｒｏｎｔａ Ｘｕ,ｓｐ．ｎ．、双带奇异跳小蜂,Ｍｉｒａ ｂｉｆａｓｃｉａｔａ Ｘｕ,ｓｐ．ｎ．和长梗四突跳小蜂Ｔｅｔｒａｃｎｅｍｕｓ ｌｏｎｇｉｐｅｄｉｃｅｌｌｕｓ Ｘｕ,ｓｐ．ｎ．。对新种进行了详细描述。本也是奇异跳小蜂属Ｍｉｒａ Ｓｃｈｅｌｌｅｎｂｅｒｇ和四突跳小蜂属Ｔｅｔｒａｃｎｅｍｕｓ Ｗｅｓｔｗｏｏｄ在我国分     

优洛姬小蜂属一新种记述（膜翅目：姬小蜂科：姬小蜂亚科）

本文记述优洛姬小蜂属Ｅｕｌｏｐｈｏｍｏｒｐｈａ１新种,即蛛卵优洛姬小蜂Ｅ．ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．该属系我国首次记载,雄虫在世界上属第１次描述,标本采用江苏无锡和湖北大悟,寄生于管巢蛛（刺足蛛）的卵巢（寄主新纪录）中。模式标本保存于江西农业大学植物保护系标本室。     

盾沟姬小蜂属二新种（膜翅目：姬小蜂科）

本文描述盾沟姬小蜂属Ｈｏｌｃｏｐｅｌｔｅ Ｆｏｒｓｔｅｒ２新种：丽盾沟姬小蜂Ｈｏｌｃｏｐｅｌｔｅ ｐｕｌｃｈｒａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和长腹盾沟姬小蜂Ｈｏｌｃｏｐｅｌｔｅ ｌｏｎｇｉｖｅｎｔｒｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。此属为我国及东洋区拉首次记录。模式标本何存于四川省自然资源研究所。     

软鳞跳小蜂属一新种记述（膜翅目：跳小蜂科）

本文记述中国软鳞跳小蜂属１新种：壶蚧软鳞跳小蜂ＬａｋｓｈａｐｈａｇｕｓｃｅｒｏｃｏｃｃｉＸｕｅｔＨｅ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本保存在浙江农业大学生物防治研究室     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.