极地真菌Geomyces sp.3-1次级代谢产物的研究

采用硅胶柱层析、ODS反相硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析和高效液相HPLC等色谱技术,对极地真菌Geomyces sp.3-1的发酵液提取物进行分离纯化,共得到8个化合物,通过波谱解析结合理化性质并比较相关文献,确定化合物为:paulownin(1)、demethylincisterol A3(2)、ergosta-7,22-dienen-3,6-dione(3)、citreoanthrasteroid B(4)、19-norergosta-5,7,9,22-tetraene-3β-ol(5)、(22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(6)、(3β,5α,6β,22E)-6-methoxyergosta-7,22-diene-3,5-diol(7)和ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol(8)。其中,化合物2~7均是首次从Geomyces属真菌中获得,化合物2有较好的抗菌和细胞毒活性。     

黄白红菇的化学成分

从野生真菌黄白红菇Russula ochroleuca(Pers).Fr.子实体中首次分得11个化合物,经光谱法和化学法分别鉴定为2个脑苷脂,1－0－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖基－（2S,3R,4E,8EE,2'R）－2－N－(2'－羟基棕榈酰）－9－甲基－4,8－sphingadienine(cerebrosideB,1)和1－O－β－D－啉喃葡萄糖基－（2S,3R,4E,8E,2'R) -2-N-(2'-羟基十八酰B,I）和－9－甲基－4,8－sphingadienine(cerebrosideD,2);3个麦角甾醇,5α,8α－epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol3,(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol4,(24S)－ergosta-7-en-3β-ol5.2个含氮杂环化合物,尿嘧啶（uracil6),腺嘌adenine7),1个含硫化合物,硫代乙酰酐（thioacetic anhydride8),以及乙基－β－D－吡喃呤（adenine7),1个含硫化合物,硫代乙酸酐（thioacetic anhydride8),以及乙基－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖苷（ethy1-β－D－glucopyranosde9),D－阿洛醇（D-allitol10),硬脂酸（stearic acid11),化合物1和2为首次从红菇科真菌获得,8作为天然产物系首次报道。     

玉竹的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等多种材料进行分离纯化,通过理化方法和波普分析进行结构鉴定,从玉竹根茎的醇提溶液的乙酸乙酯萃取部分中分离鉴定了12个化合物,分别为:ningpogenin(1)、6-O-p-hydroxybenzoylaucubin(2)、3,3'-Bisdemethylpinoresinol(3)、5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde(4)、(22E,24R)-Ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol(5)、Borreriagenin(6)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(7)、5α,8α-epidiory-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(8)、β-谷甾醇(9)、3β,5α,9α-三羟基-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮(10)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3-酮(11)、对羟基苯乙醇(12)。除化合物(9)之外,其余所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

灰毛豆叶片的化学成分研究

从灰毛豆叶片中分离得到10个化合物,通过波谱数据和理化性质分别鉴定为:stigmast-1,5-dien-3β-ol(1),clemaphenol A(2),松脂醇(3),桉素(4),3-吲哚甲醛(5),色氨酸(6),(S)-4-苄基-2-噁唑烷酮(7),4-羟基苯基丙酸(8),buteaspermanol(9),bovatachalcone(10)。其中化合物1、2、4、5、7、8、9首次从该植物中分离得到。     

南海脆灯蕊柳珊瑚中西松烷型二萜和甾醇类化学成分研究

从南海水域脆灯蕊柳珊瑚的乙醇-二氯甲烷提取物中分离鉴定了6个西松烷型二萜和3个甾醇,经波谱分析确定其结构分别为:junceellin A(1),praelolide(2),junceellolides A~D(3~6),24-αmethylcholest-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6-βtriol(7),cholestan-3-ol(8),cholesterol(9);其中化合物1,2,7,8均为首次从该海洋动物中分离得到。     

亚稀褶黑菇的化学成分

从剧毒蘑菇─亚稀褶黑菇(Russula subnigricans Hongo)子实体中分离出5个已知化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为4个麦角甾醇(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6α,9α-tetraol(1)、(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α,9α-trihydroxy-6-one(2)、(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6β-triol(3)、(22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(4)和神经酰胺(2S,3S,4R,2′R)-2-(2′-hydroxytetracosanoylamino)octadecane-1,3,4-triol(5)。     

环带小薄孔菌发酵液的化学成分研究北大核心CSCD

环带小薄孔菌(Antrodiella zonata)发酵液经浓缩、乙酸乙酯萃取后得到浸膏,再用硅胶、RP-18、Sephadex LH-20等材料以及MPLC、HPLC等仪器进行分离纯化,最终利用理化方法和波谱分析进行结构鉴定,从中分离并鉴定了8个化合物,它们分别为薄孔菌素(antrodiellone)(1)、22E-7α-methoxy-5α,6α-epoxyergosta-8(14),22-dien-3β-ol(2)、3β,5α-dihydroxy-6β-methoxyergosta-7,22-diene(3)、6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester(4)、6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid(5)、对羟基苯乙醇(6)、5-羟乙基糠醛(7)、环-(亮-缬)二肽(8)。其中1为新化合物,其余化合物均首次从该种真菌中分离得到。     

环带小薄孔菌发酵液的化学成分研究

环带小薄孔菌(Antrodiella zonata)发酵液经浓缩、乙酸乙酯萃取后得到浸膏,再用硅胶、RP-18、Sephadex LH-20等材料以及MPLC、HPLC等仪器进行分离纯化,最终利用理化方法和波谱分析进行结构鉴定,从中分离并鉴定了8个化合物,它们分别为薄孔菌素(antrodiellone)(1)、22E-7α-methoxy-5α,6α-epoxyergosta-8(14),22-dien-3β-ol(2)、3β,5α-dihydroxy-6β-methoxyergosta-7,22-diene(3)、6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester(4)、6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid(5)、对羟基苯乙醇(6)、5-羟乙基糠醛(7)、环-(亮-缬)二肽(8)。其中1为新化合物,其余化合物均首次从该种真菌中分离得到。     

苦竹内生真菌Fusarium sp. S13的化学成分研究(英文)

从苦竹内生真菌Fusarium sp.S13的发酵液提取物中分离得到8个化合物,通过波谱技术分别鉴定为:cerevisterol(1),(22E,24S)-24-methyl-5α-cholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β,9α-tetraol(2),ergosterol peroxide(3),3β,5α,9α-trihydroxy-6β-methoxyergosta-7,22-dien(4),ergosta-7,22-dien-6β-methoxy-3β,5α-diol(5),ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one(6),25-hydroxy-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one(7),ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,6β-diol(8)。海虾致死实验结果显示化合物1-8均显示出不同程度的毒性。     

石榴嗜蓝孢孔菌发酵液中一个新drimane型倍半萜

采用硅胶、RP-18、Sephadex LH-20等多种材料对石榴嗜蓝孢孔菌发酵液的乙酸乙酯提取部分分离纯化,通过理化方法和波谱分析对化合物进行结构鉴定。分离鉴定了11个化合物,经波谱数据分析分别鉴定为角鲨烯(1)、棕榈酸(2)、(9Z,12Z)-十八烷二烯酸(3)、(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol(4)、亚油酸甲酯(5)、麦角甾-4,6,8(14),22-四烯-3-酮(6)、麦角甾-5,7,22-三烯-3β-醇(7)、过氧麦角甾醇(8)、2α-methoxyl-3β,9β-dihydroxyergosta-7,22-diene(9)、3β,6β-dihydroxycinnamolide(10)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(11)。化合物10是一个新的drimane型倍半萜,其他化合物均首次从该种真菌中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.