Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
T he P lant H unters . Charles Lyte
T he E uropean G arden F lora V ol II, M onocotyledons (P art II). Edited by Dr S. M. Walters and others     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
B acterial C ell S tructure (Aspects of Microbiology 6) (1983). H.J. Rogers.
T he E lisa : E nzyme -L inked I mmunosorbent A ssay in V eterinary R esearch and D iagnosis (1982). Edited by R.C Wardley & J.R. Crowther.
G enetic R ecombination : U nderstanding the M echanisms (1982). H.L.K. Whitehouse.
M icrobial C ontrol of P lant P ests & D iseases (Aspects of Microbiology 7) (1983). J.W. Deacon.
M ethods in F ood and D airy M icrobiology (1982)     

Books reviews

M olecular B iology of P lant -P athogen I nteractions (1989). Edited by B. Staskawicz, P. Ahlquist & O. Yoder.
A dvances in B iochemical E ngineering /B iotechnology . Volume 36. E nzyme S tudies . (1988). Edited by A. Fiechter.
Microbial Proteinases: H.M. Kalisz The Amidases from a Bacterium Strain: M. Maestracci, K. Bui, A. Thiery, A. Arnaud and P. Glazy
L aboratory D iagnosis of I nfectious D iseases : P rinciples and P ractice (1988).
S afety A ssurance for E nvironmental I ntroductions of G enetically -E ngineered O rganisms (1988). Edited by J. Fiksel & V.T. Covello.
C oncise E ncyclopedia of S cience and T echnology (1989). 2nd Edition. Edited by S.P. Parker.
N ew C oncepts in V iral H eart D isease : V irology , I mmunology and C linical M anagement (1988).     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
E lectrochemical D etection T echniques I n T he A pplied B iosciences Volume 2 (1988). By G-A. Junter
P lant R esistance T o V iruses (1987). Edited by D. Evered & S. Harnett
M icrobial R econtamination I n D airy P rocessing –P roceedings O f T he I nternational C ongress.
D evelopments I n F ood M icrobiology –4 (1988). Edited by R.K. Robinson.
C ellulose H ydrolysis (1987). Edited by L. T. Fan, M.M. Gharpuray & Y.-H. Lee
I mmobilization O f C ells (1988). By C.R. Phillips & Y.C. Poon
C rystalline B acterial C ell S urface L ayers (1988). Edited by U.B. Sleytr, P. Messner, D. Pum & M. Sara     

Besprechungen

Book reviewed in this article: Phillips, R. R. (1977): The relationship between social behaviour and the ue of space in the benthic fish Chasmodes bosquianus Lacepède (Teleostei, Blenniidae) IV. Waser, P. M. (1977): Individual recognition, intragroup cohesion and intergroup spacing: evidence from sound playback to forest monkeys (Persönliches Erkennen, Zusammenhalt und Abstandhalten der Gruppen: Ergebnisse von Tonbandrückspielversuchen mit waldbewohnenden Affen). Epro, R. A. (1977): Electrically elicited vocalization from the brain of the house finch (Caupoductis mexicanus) (Durch Hirnreizung ausgelöste Lautäußerungen beim Hausfinken). Shalter, M. D., J. C. Fentress und G. W. Young (1977): Determinants of response of wolf pups to auditory signals (Welche Faktoren beeinflussen das Antwortverhalten von Wolfswelpen auf akustische Signale?). Ghett, V. J. de (1977): The ontogeny of ultrasonic vocalization in Micvotus montanus (Die Entwicklung des Ultraschallrufens bei jungen M. m.). Koenig, O. (1975): Urmotiv Auge. Neuentdeckte Grundzüge menschlichen Verhaltens. Etienne, A. S. (1977): The control of two antagonistic locomotor activities in a predatory insect (Die Kontrolle zweier einander entgegengesetzter Fortbewegungsweisen bei einem rauberischen Insekt). Savage, E. S., und Ch. Malick (1977): Play and socio-sexual behaviour in a captive chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) group (Spiel und sozio-sexuelles Verhalten bei Schimpansen in Gefangenschaft). Bédard, J., und J. Munro (1977): Brood and créche stability in the Common Eider of the St. Lawrence estuary (Der Zusammenhalt von Geschwisterscharen und Krippen mit ihren Betreuern bei Eiderenten im Mündungsgebiet des St. Lorenz-Stroms). Jones, R. E. (1977): Search behaviour: A study of three caterpillar species (Das Suchverhalten von Raupen dreier Schmetterlingsarten). Zumpe, D., und R. P. michael (1977): Effects of ejaculations by males on the sexual invitations of female rhesus monkeys Macaca mulatta) (Wiebeeinflussne Ejakulationen der ♂♂ die Paarungsaufforderungen weiblicher Rhesusaffen?). Hutchison, R. E. (1977): Temporal relationships between nesting behaviour, ovary and oviduct development during the reproductive cycle of female budgerigars (Ober die zeitliche Zuordnung des Nistverhaltens zur Entwicklung des Ovars und Ovidukts beim Wellensittich). Güttinger, H. R. (1977): Variable and constant sturctures in Greenfinck songs (Chloris chloris) in different locations (Veränderliche und gleichförmige Strukturen in Grünlingsgesänen verschiedener Herkunft). Hold, B. (1977): Rank and behaviour: an ethological study of preschool children (Rang und Verhalten: eine ethologische Untersuchung an Vorschulkindern). Bücher: Nachtsheim, H., und H. Stengel (1977): Vom Wildtier zum Haustier, 3. Oliverio, A., ed. (1977): Genetics, environment and intelligence (Genetik, Umgebung und Intelligenz). Chauvin, R. ed. (1972): Modèles Animaux du Comportement Humain (Über die Vergleichbarkeit des Verhaltens von Tieren und Menschen). Blurton Jones, N., ed. (1972): Ethological Studies of Child Behaviour (Verhaltensbeobachtungen an Kindern). McGrew, W. C. (1972): An Ethological Study of Children's Behavior (Verhaltensbeobachtungen an Kindern). Hassenstein, B. (1978): Verhaltensbiologie des Kindes. 2. Aufl, R. Piper Verlag, München. Kiernan, C. C., und F. P. Woodford (1975): Behaviour modification with the severely retarded (Verhaltensänderungen bei behinderten Kindern). Bettelheim, B. (1977): Die Geburt des Selbst (The empty fortress. Aus dem Amerikanischen übersetzt von E. Ortmann). Döbert, R., J. Habermas und G. Nunner-Winkler, ed. (1977): Entwicklung des Ichs. Eibl-Eibesfeldt, I. (1976): Menschenforschung auf neuen Wegen. Reynolds, V., und N. Blurton Jones, ed. (1978): Human Behaviour and Adaptations (Angepaßtheit im Verhalten des Menschen). Neumann, G.-H. (1979): Einführung in die Humanethologie. Hassenstein, B., H. Mohr, G. Osche, K. Sander, W. Wülker (1979): Freiburger Vorlesungen zur Biologie des Menschen.     

Besprechungen/Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Zeitschriften: Maynard Smith, J. (1977): Parental investment: a prospective analysis Zeitschriften: Goss-Custard, J. D. (1977): Optimal foraging and the size selection of worms by Redshank Zeitschriften: Halliday, T. R. (1977): The effect of experimental manipulation of breathing behaviour on the sexual behaviour of the Smooth Newt Zeitschriften: Young, G. , und Th. G. Décarie (1977): An ethology-based catalogue of facial/vocal behaviour in infancy Zeitschriften: Sternglanz, S. H., J. L. Grey und M. Murakami (1977): Adult preferences for infantile facial features Zeitschriften: Bertram, B. C. R. (1977): Variation in the wing-song of the flappet lark Zeitschriften: McFarland, D. J. (1977): Decision making in animals Bücher: Heiligenberg, W. (1977): Principles of Electrolocation and Jamming Avoidance in Electric Fish Bücher: Löhrl, H. (1976): Der Mauerläufer. A. Ziemsen-Verlag, Wittenberg/Luther-stadt Bücher: Meyer, P. (1976): Taschenlexikon der Verhaltenskunde Bücher: Tembrock, G., ed. (1978): Wörterbücher der Biologie: Verhaltensbiologie, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Physiologie des Verhaltens Bücher: Heymer, A. (1977): Ethologisches WoUrterbuch — Ethological Dictionary — Vocabulaire Ethologique     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article
Microbiology Of Aerial Plant Surfaces (1976). Edited by C. H. Dickinson and T. F. Preece.
An Atlas Of Medical Microbiology—common Human Pathogens (1977). B. C. Stratford.
Microbiol Energetics—27th Symposium Of The Society For General Microbiology (1977). Edited by B. A. Haddock and W. A. Hamilton 442 pp.     

A summary of the prevalence of Parelaphostrongylus tenuis in a captive wapiti population.

A total of 87 brains from harvested and collected wapiti and red deer (Cervus spp.) were examined grossly and microscopically between 1973 and 1977 in a 2104 ha. preserve. Prevalence of infection significantly increased from 26.6% of the sample in 1973 to 64.3% in 1975 (P less than .05). A decline to 47.7% in 1977 (P greater than .05) was not significant. However, the number of clinical cases was significantly higher in 1976-1977 (P less than .02) than previously reported in 1973-1975.     

Book Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
Microbiology of Foods (1977)—a revised edition. D. A. A. Mossel.
Receptors and Recognition, Edited by P. Cuatrccasas and M. F. Greaves.
The Mycobacteria (1977). C. Ratledge.     

Besprechungen/Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Veselovský, Z. (1978): Beobachtungen zu Biologie und Verhalten des Groz?en Kragenlaubenvogels Baptista, L. F. (1978): Territorial, courtship and duett songs of the Cuban Grassquit Berg-Schlosser, G. (1978): Schneepaddeln, eine Verhaltensweise des Bergfinken Russell, P. , und J. H. Balda (1978): The care of young Piñon Jays Güttinger, H. R. (1978): Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen und Gesangsaufbau beim Stieglitz Immelmann, K., H.-H. Kalberlah, P. Rausch und A. Stahnke (1978): Sexuelle Prägung als möglicher Faktor innerartlicher Isolation beim Zebrafinken Thielcke, G., K. Wüstenberg und P. H. Becker (1978): Reaktionen von Zilp-zalp und Fitis Csiscáky, M. (1978): Über den Gesang der Feldlerche Pflumm, W. (1978): Zur Nahrungsaufnahme des Fichtenkreuzschnabels Löhrl, H. (1978): Das “Nachstürzen” — eine reflexartige Reaktion, entfallene Beute wieder zu erlangen Reddig, E. (1978): Der Ausdrucksflug der Bekassine Becker, P. H. (1978): Der Einfluz? des Lernens auf einfache und komplexe Gesangsstrophen der Sumpfmeise Berthold, P. , und G. Zink ed. (1977): Ökophysiologische Probleme in der Ornithologie Thiele, H. U. (1977): Carabid beetles in their environments Mostofsky, D. I. , ed. (1978): The behavior of fish and other aquatic animals Snow, D. W. (1976): The Web of Adaptation (Das Netzwerk der Anpassungen) Remmert, H. (1978): Ökologie. Ein Lehrbuch Christiansen, F. B. , und T. M. Fenchel (1977): Theories of populations in biological communities Weber, E. (1974): Einführung in die Faktorenanalyse     

Monte Carlo studies of phospholipid lamellae. Effects of proteins, cholesterol, bilayer curvature, and lateral mobility on order parameters

In this paper we present the results of a Monte Carlo study of the effects of protein, cholesterol, bilayer curvature, and mobility on the chain order parameters of a lipid layer. The Monte Carlo method used is identical to the version developed earlier (Scott, Jr., H.L. (1977) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 469, 264–271). Simulations of protein and cholesterol effects are accomplished by insertion of a rigid stationary cylinder into the lipid matrix. The protein studies show the presence of boundary lipid (Jost, P., Griffith, O.H., Capaldi, R.H. and Vanderkooi, G. (1973) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 311, 141–152). The effect of cholesterol is dependent upon the length of the lipid hydrocarbon chains relative to the cholesterol depth of penetration. Our computer studies of bilayer curvature show the manner in which this curvature disrupts chain packing and are consistent with experimental results (Chrzeszczyk, A., Wishnia, A. and Springer, C.S. (1977) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 470, 161–171). We also find that restricting lateral motion in chains, the simplest manner in which head group interactions can affect hydrocarbon chain order, does not measurably alter the order parameters. We argue that this provides some support for an earlier hypothesis by Scott (Scott, Jr., H.L. (1975) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 406, 329–346) regarding head group-chain interaction in monolayer experiments.     

Association of Escherichia coli lac repressor with poly[d(A-T)] monitored with 8-anilino-1-napthalenesulfonate.

The association of lac repressor with poly[d(A-T)] was monitored with the fluorescent prob 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (Ans). Excess poly[d(A-T)] decreased the emission intensity of the repressor--Ans complex by 30%. Fluorescence titrations indicated that 33 +/- 4 base pairs were required to bind all of the repressor. Sedimentation studies indicated, however, that all of the repressor sedimented as a protein--DNA complex with as few as 10 to 15 base pairs per tetramer, even in the presence of Ans. These data are interpreted with two models: one where repressors bind to both sides of the DNA (Butler, A. P., et al. (1977) Biochemistry 16, 4757: Zingsheim, H.P., et al. (1977) J. Mol. Biol. 115, 565), the other where a double layer of repressors bind to a single side of the DNA. Removal of the amino-terminal regions from the repressor decreased the fluorescence from bound Ans by 77%. The amino-terminal fragments alone did not enhance Ans fluorescence.     

The heterogeneity of rat high density lipoproteins.

Ubiquitin was first found in nuclei in protein A24 where its carboxyl terminal is covalently bound to histone 2A by an isopeptide linkage (Goldknopf, I. L. and Busch, H. (1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA $\text{74}$, 864–868). Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the 0.4 N H₂SO₄ soluble proteins from fractionated rat liver chromatin showed that protein A24 and histones H1, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 were present in fractions P1 and P2 and markedly diminished in relative amounts in fraction S2. Conversely, a spot designated Ub was found in fraction S2 along with an increased amount and number of non-histone proteins. The Ub spot was not found in chromatin fractions P1 and P2. Ub was identified as ubiquitin by migration on two-dimensional gels and after purification by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by its methionine NH₂-terminal amino acid and its amino acid composition.     

Solution conformation of virginiamycin S. III. Patricin A: A further model for cooperative effects of the Pro ring conformation and backbone.

Although the main characteristics of the parent virginiamycin S conformation i.e. a bend of type VI (Lewis, P.N., Momamy, F.A. and Scheraga, H.A. (1973) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 303, 211--229) formed by the Pro-N-MePhe-X-PhGly sequence is still present in patricin A, the substitution of X = pipecolic acid by proline in the latter results in a destabilization of the tertiary structure of the depsipeptide, since two isomeric states of a peptidic bond appear in C2HC13 solution. Addition of +/- 30% (v:v) (C2H3)2SO totally shifts this equilibrium in favor of the major parent isomer. These results completely fit with what is known up to now on the occurrence and structure of turns (Chou and Fasman (1977) J. Mol. Biol. 115,135--175).     

An Approach to Ecology Teaching at University Level

The Virus. A History of the Concept S. S. HUGHES 140 pp., illustrated. London: Heinemann Educational (New York: Science History Publications), 1977. £3.90. Reviewed by H. V. WYATT

Ecology and Archaeology Studies to Biology, No. 77 G. W. DIMBLEBY 55 pp., illustrated. London: Edward Arnold, 1977. £3.00 boards, £1.50 paper. Reviewed by CHARLES BRADY

Colonization of Industrial Wasteland Studies in Biology, No. 80 R. P. GEMMELL 75 pp., illustrated. London: Edward Arnold, 1977. £3.20 boards, £1.60. paper. Reviewed by JOHN M. AYERST

Energy and the Living Cell. An Introduction to Bioenergetics W. M. BECKER 346 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott (Oxford: Blackwell Scientific), 1977. £6.40. Reviewed by J. PREBBLE

Microbial and Molecular Genetics Second edition J. R. FINCHAM 150 pp. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1976. £3.95 boards, £2.25 paper. Reviewed by J. H. CROFT

Genetics M. W. ROBERTS 90 pp., illustrated. Plymouth: Macdonald and Evans, 1977. £1.25. Reviewed by CECILY A. GALE

The Differentiation of Cells N. MACLEAN 216 pp., illustrated. London: Edward Arnold, 1977. £12.00 boards, £5.95 paper. Reviewed by K. R. TYLER

Mechanics of the Mind C. BLAKEMORE 208 pp., illustrated. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977. £10.50 boards, £3.95 paper.Reviewed by O. LOWENSTEIN

The Pursuit of Nature. Informal Essays on the History of Physiology A. L. HODGKIN, A. F. HUXLEY, et al. 180 pp. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977. £7.50. Reviewed by DIANA E. MANUEL

Signs of Life I. RIDPATH 190 pp., illustrated. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin, 1977. £1.25. Reviewed by O. LOWENSTEIN     

Identification of some bacteriophage T4 prereplicative proteins on two-dimensional gel proteins.

Profiles of bacteriophage T4 early proteins resolved by a two-dimensional nonequilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis system (P. Z. O'Farrell, H. M. Goodman, and P. H. O'Farrell, Cell 12:1133--1142, 1977) are presented. Over 65 phage-induced proteins were resolved. Amber or deletion mutants were used to identify 17 proteins in the gel patterns as the products of specific genes.     

Buchbesprechungen/Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article
Schuster, W., Der Ölkürbis ( Cucurbita pepo L.). Eine monographische Darstellung. „Fortschritte im Acker- und Pflanzenbau”.
Mitteilungen aus der Biologischen Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft
41. Deutsche Pflanzenschutztagung in Münster, 10.—14. Oktober 1977. Kommissionsverlag Paul Parey
Mitteilungen aus der Biologischen Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft
Wohlgemuth, R., und Ch. Reichimuth, Erhebungen über den Befall von Importgütern durch Vorratsschädlinge bei der Einfuhr in die Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Jahre 1975 und 1976). Kommissionsverlag Paul Parey
Photosynthesis I: Trebst, A., and M. Avron (Ed.), Photosynthetic Electron Transport and Photophosphorylation. (Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series Vol. 5). Editors: A. P irson and M. H. Z immermann .