低旋巴蜗牛胚胎发育的初步研究

对低旋巴蜗牛（ Ｂｒａｄｙｂａｅｎａ ｂｒｅｖｉｓｐｉｒａ） 的胚胎发育过程进行了研究。在２３—２５ ℃气温下, 从卵产出到孵化需３６４ 小时, 直径可增长２０ 倍。胚胎发育全过程可分为７ 个时期： 卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、担轮幼虫期、面盘幼虫期、幼螺形成期和孵化期。对各期的外部特征进行了描述, 并绘制了各发育时期的形态特征图。     

中国巴蜗牛科一新种(肺螺亚纲：柄眼目：巴蜗牛科)

作者对中国科学院动物研究所馆藏的巴蜗牛科标本进行了整理,并已知我国平瓣蜗牛属Ｐｌａｔｙｐｅｔａｓｕｓ共计１６种和亚种,其中现发１新种,即磁县平瓣蝇牛Ｐｌａｔｙｐｅｔａｓｕｓ ｃｉｘｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｃｈｅｎ ｅｔ Ｚｈａｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,对新种的形态特征作了详细描述,与其近假种进行了比较和讨论。     

青海华蜗牛属一新种记述(肺螺亚纲:柄眼目:巴蜗牛科)

记述采自青海省达蛭华蜗牛属蜗牛1新种：达日华蜗牛Cathaica(Campylocathaica)darlagensis sp.nov。新种壳相与Cathaica(Campylocathaica)cunlunensis(Moellendorff,1899)相近,但新种壳高／壳径之比值较大,唇下部较平直,贝壳色带不同于后者。正模成螺,青海省达日县城,海拔3980m,1997－08－17,采集人李维平;副模5只成螺,采集数据同正模。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

中国特有陆生贝类毛华蜗牛属一新种(腹足纲:柄眼目:巴蜗牛科)

对毛华蜗牛属Trichocathaica 2种蜗牛Trichocathaica amphidroma Mollendorff,1899和T.foliosquama的贝壳及生殖系统进行了详细的描记,描述中涉及的一些特征为本文首次使用。文中附有新种叶鳞毛华蜗牛Trichocathaica foliosquama的贝壳、生殖系统全图及细部图。研究标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

甘肃南部巴蜗牛科(腹足纲:巴蜗牛科)的种类名录

本文根据甘肃南部所辖地区采集的腹足目巴蜗牛科标本和国内外报道,对其进行系统整理研究,列出巴蜗牛科动物76种,分隶11属1科,其中30种为甘肃省新纪录.     

巴通体的研究进展

近年研究表明,巴通体属（Ｂａｒｔｏｎｅｌｌａ）的成员已由原来１个种发展到１２个种,其中至少有五日热巴通体（Ｂ．ｑｕｉｎｔａｎａ）、没赛巴通体（Ｂ、ｈｅｎｓｅｌａｅ）、伊丽莎白巴通体（Ｂ．ｅｌｉｚａ－ｂｅｔｈａｅ）和杆菌样巴通体（Ｂ．ｂａｃｉｌｌｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ）４个种可使人致病,本文就有关巴通体的分类、性状、致病性及实验诊断作一综述。     

蜗牛的解剖

以采自新疆大学校园巴蜗牛科Bradybaenidae的一种蜗牛为例,介绍了蜗牛的一般解剖方法,并对蜗牛的内部结构进行了标注和描述。     

四川拟锥螺属一新种记述(腹足纲:肺螺亚纲:柄眼目:巴蜗牛科)

记述采自四川南充拟锥螺属蜗牛1新种,南充拟锥螺Pseudobuliminus (Pseudobuliminus)nanchongensis sp.nov。新种贝壳与Pseudobuliminus(Pseudobuliminus)piligerus(Moellendorff,1899)相近,但前者螺壳细长,矢囊相对小,受精囊管细长,正模,成螺,四川省南充新建乡,1964-05-20;副模,15只成螺,同正模,模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

中国巴矮螨属一新种记述（蜱螨亚纲：矮螨科）

本文记述我国巴矮螨属一新种,陕菇巴矮螨Ｂｒａｓｉｌｏｐｓｉｓｓｈａａｎｌｅｎｔｉｎｉｓｐ．ｎｏｖ标本采自陕西（凤县）栽培香菇椴木架下的表土。模式标本保存于上海农学院园林环境科学系。     

中国淡水蛭类一新种和—新纪录(无吻蛭目:沙蛭科)

本文记述了无吻蛭目沙蛭科巴蛭属的１新种,命名为云南巴蛭Ｂａｒｂｒｏｎｉａｙｕｎｎａ－ｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;还记述了该科沙蛭属在我国１新记录——侧眼沙蛭Ｓａｌｉｆａｌａｔｅｒｏｃｕｌａｔａ（Ｋａｂｕ－ｒａｋｉ,１９２１）。     

Short-circuit current related to active transport of chloride in frog cornea: effects of furosemide and ethacrynic acid

Active transport of Cl⁻ accounts for 90% of the short-circuit current (s.c.c.) in the isolated frog cornea. 1·10⁻⁵ M furosemide produced a 50% reversible inhibition of this s.c.c. 1·10⁻⁴ M ethacrynic acid reduced the corneal s.c.c. to 32% of the control. In the isolated frog skin epithelium furosemide had no effect on the s.c. at a concentration of 1·10⁻⁴ M and a small stimulation at a concentration of 1·10⁻³ M. The furosemide inhibitory effects seems to be specific for Cl⁻, as it also inhibits Cl⁻ transport in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (Burg, M.B. (1972) Proc. 5th Int. Congr. Nephrol., p. 50, Abstr.).     

狭义巨缘蝽族支序分析研究——以亚洲材料为研究对象(异翅亚目:缘蝽科)(英语)

此文以狭义巨缘蝽族的亚洲各属为基础,对该族进行了支序分析,结果表明,尽管它们外形诸多变异,但其外生殖器结构甚为一致,此类群为一单系群无疑.文中支序图表明肖采瑜定的奇缘蝽族为一并系群,应为巨缘蝽族之次异名.支序图还说明主要分布于非洲的安缘蝽属与亚洲各属形态上有较大差异.     

Morphological character evolution in hepialid moths (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) from New Zealand

Mapping morphological characters on a molecular-based phytogeny enabled examination of character evolution and an historical perspective into evolutionary processes, both of which are important aspects of systematic research and comparative biology. In this study, 63 morphological characters from hepialid moths in New Zealand were mapped on a phylogenetic tree reconstructed from mitochondrial DNA COI & II sequence data. Morphological characters hypothesized to be synapomorphies for the New Zealand 'Oxycanus' lineages and 'Oxycanus' lineage s.s. were confirmed to be homologous when mapped on the COI & II phytogeny. The direction of character state transformation was determined for five characters, with members of the Aenetus and Aoraia lineages exhibiting hypothesized ancestral states. Male genitalic characters were less homoplasious than other character partitions and covaried significandy with phytogeny.     

A CLADISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE MICTINI (S. STR.) BASED ON ASIATIC TAXA (HETEROPTERA: COREIDAE)

Abstract  A cladistic analysis of the Asiatic genera of Mictini (s. str.) is made in the present paper. The results indicate that this group is monophyletic and their genitalia structrues are very similar, in spite of their variegated external forms. Derepterini Hsiao is proved to be a paraphyletic group and its synonymy with Mictini (s. str.) is supported by the cladograms. The cladograms show that there are some major differences between the mainly African Anoplocnemis and the other Asiatic genera.     

大鼠7s RNA顺序的分子克隆、其基因结构和细胞内分布的分析

我们通过体外多聚腺苷酸化的大鼠正常肝7 s RNA,克隆了它的cDNA片段。其中一个克隆p 24的7 s cDNA插入顺序为180个碱基对,其顺序与大鼠Novikoff肝癌7 s RNA顺序比较,存在一个碱基的置换。用这个克隆提供的探针我们比较了大鼠肝细胞和肝癌细胞7 s RNA的基因拷贝数,基因组结构和在细胞内分布。结果表明:7 s RNA基因是多拷贝基因家族;7 s RNA在细胞癌变后含量下降;大约40%7 s RNA分布在细胞核内。我们还就7 s RNA具有调控基因表达功能的可能性进行了讨论。     

杉科、柏科的系统发生分析——来自28S rDNA序列分析的证据

对杉科（Taxodiaceae）与柏科（Cupressaceae s.s.）的28S rRNA基因的部分序列（约630 bp）进行PCR扩增、序列测定和系统发生关系分析,用简约法和邻接法构建的系统发生树基本一致。结果表明,杉科与柏科构成一个单系群,支持将杉科、柏科（Sciadopitys除外）合并为一个科——广义柏科（Cupressaceae sensu lato）的观点。在广义柏科中,Taiwania、Athrotaxis分别形成一支系;Metasequoia、Sequoia、Sequoiadendron关系较近,聚成一支系; Taxodium、Glyptostrobus、Cryptomeria聚成一支系;柏科聚成一支系。这一分析结果与叶绿体基因序列的分析结果相吻合,但是由于28S rRNA基因的进化速率较慢,尚不能分辨上述各个支系之间的系统演化关系。 Abstract:DNA sequences from 28S rDNA were used to assess relationships between and within traditional Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae s.s.The MP tree and NJ tree generally are similar to one another.The results show that Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae s.s.form a monophyletic conifer lineage excluding Sciadopitys.In the Taxodiaceae-Cupressaceae s.s.monophyletic group,the Taxodiaceae is paraphyletic.Taxodium,Glyptostrobus and Cryptomeria forming a clade(Taxodioideae),in which Glyptostrobus and Taxodium are closely related and sister to Cryptomeria;Sequoia,Sequoiadendron and Metasequoia are closely related to each other,forming another clade (Sequoioideae),in which Sequoia and Sequoiadendron are closely related and sister to Metasequoia;the seven genera of Cupressaceae s.s.are found to be closely related to form a monophyletic lineage (Cupressoideae).These results are basically similar to analyses from chloroplast gene data.But the relationships among Taiwania,Sequoioideae,Taxodioideae,and Cupressoideae remain unclear because of the slow evolution rate of 28S rDNA,which might best be answered by sequencing more rapidly evolving nuclear genes.     

从叶绿体DNA trnL-F序列论双参属的归属问题

双参属Triplostegia Wall．ex DC．由分布于东南亚地区的2个种组成,为多年生草本植物。它的归属一直存在争议,有时置于川续断科Dipsacaceae或败酱科Valerianaceae,有时单立一科,即双参科Triplostegiaceae。本研究对广义川续断目Dipsacales s．l．的21种植物(分别来自于败酱科、川续断科、双参属、刺参属Morina、广义忍冬科Caprifoliaceae s. l．、五福花科 Adoxaceae)和外类群人参Panax schin-seng Nees．的叶绿体 DNA trnL-F区进行了测序,并建立系统发育树状图。结果显示,败酱科、川续断科、双参属、刺参属和广义忍冬科的4个属(双盾木属Dipelta、虫胃实属Kolkwitzia、六道木属Abelia和北极花属Linnaea)形成 了一个单系群并得到了很强的支持(100％ bootstrap);双参属与川续断科有更近的关系,建议作为一个亚科置于川续断科;广义忍冬科为一多系类群;而刺参属与其他广义川续断目类群之间的关系尚不能确定。     

丽盲蝽属(丽盲蝽亚属)中国种类修订(半翅目:盲蝽科:盲蝽亚科)(英文)

对丽盲蝽属 (丽盲蝽亚属 )Lygocoris (subg .Lygocoris)的中国种类作了修订。文中共包括 19个种 ,其中有 12新种 ,1个中国新纪录种 ,并包括 1项新等级的认定。即暗胝丽盲蝽L .(L .)calligersp .nov .(正模 :四川峨眉山九老洞 ) ,程氏丽盲蝽L .(L .)chengisp .nov .(正模 :四川峨眉山大乘寺 ) ,晕斑丽盲蝽L .(L .)diffusomaculatussp .nov .(正模 :甘肃榆中兴隆山 ) ,淡色丽盲蝽L .(L .)dilutussp .nov .(正模 :甘肃夏河县合作 ) ,锈褐丽盲蝽L .(L .) ferrugineussp .nov .(正模 :云南哀牢山 ) ,褐盾丽盲蝽L .(L .) fuscoscutel latus (Reuter ,190 6 )stat .nov .[由L .(L .)striicornisvar.fuscoscutellatus升为种级阶元 ],广西丽盲蝽L .(L .) guangxiensissp .nov .(正模 :广西龙胜 ) ,东亚丽盲蝽L .(L .)idoneus(Linnavuori,196 3) (中国新纪录种 ) ,完脊丽盲蝽L .(L .)integricarinatussp .nov .(甘肃榆中麻家寺 ) ,林氏丽盲蝽L .(L .)linnavuoriisp .nov .(云南哀牢山簸箕坝 ) ,长翅丽盲蝽L .(L .)longipennis (Reuter ,190 6 ) ,斑盾丽盲蝽L .(L .)maculis cutellatussp .nov .(四川理县刷经寺 ) ,原丽盲蝽L .(L .) pabulinus (Linnaeus ,176 1) ,红盾丽盲蝽L .(L .)rufiscutellatussp .nov .(甘     

Sporogenesis and gametogenesis in Sladenia and their systematic implication

Sporogenesis and gametogenesis in the monotypic genus Sladenia is reported for the first time. The anther wall is of the monocotyledonous type of formation and consists of four-layers, namely a glandular tapetum, one middle layer, an endothecium, and an epidermis. Fibrous thickenings are developed in the epidermis at or near the stage of anther maturity rather than in the endothecium. Successive cytokinesis in microsporogenesis results in tetrahedral or rarely isobilateral tetrads of microspores. Pollen grains are two-celled when shed. The ovule is bitegmic, tenuinucellate, and anatropous. The nucellus degenerates during meiosis of the megaspore mother cell. The micropyle is formed by only the inner integument. Development of the female gametophyte conforms to the Adoxa type. Sladenia has been treated either as a member of Actinidiaceae, Dilleniaceae or Theaceae s.l. , or as belonging to an independent family, Sladeniaceae. Recent molecular studies have suggested that it belongs to Ternstroemiaceae within the Ericales s.l . Several noteworthy embryological characters are distinct from those of the other putatively related families and support the recognition of a separate family, Sladeniaceae. Additional embryological evidence confirms this conclusion.  © 2003 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2003, 143 , 305–314.