不同启动子驱动下转基因盐藻外源基因的稳定表达

摘要：为了探讨外源性与内源性启动子对转基因盐藻外源基因表达的影响,将含外源性启动子CMV35S的表达载体CMV35S-bar（G12）和含内源双拷贝碳酸酐酶启动子DCA1的表达载体DCA1-bar（D-B）分别转化盐藻,筛选稳定转化株后,观察在不同启动子驱动下外源基因的表达情况及对转基因盐藻生长的影响。 通过电击法分别将表达载体G12 和D-B转化盐藻,经PPT筛选后,各得到了3株PPT抗性藻株,经PCR及测序分析证实外源基因bar已经整合到盐藻的基因组中,半定量RT-PCR结果显示,在内源性启动子DCA1驱动下,bar基因的表达强度明显高于在外源性启动子驱动下bar的表达,并且D-B转化株的bar基因表达在盐诱导下其表达明显提高,而G12转化株中bar基因的表达对盐诱导无反应。Southern blot 分析显示,外源基因的拷贝数与不同启动子间无相关性。转化株的生长特性分析显示,D-B转化株的生长速度明显高于G12转化株。本研究的结果指出,内源诱导型启动子在驱动转基因盐藻外源基因的高效稳定表达中比外源组成型启动子更具有优势。     

增强型绿色荧光蛋白在集胞藻6803中的表达

利用聚球藻7942热休克基因groESL的启动子和报告基因egfp,构建了表达载体pUC-Tegfp并转化集胞藻6803,并通过所制备抗体对转基因藻进行蛋白免疫印迹检测.结果发现,在转基因藻株T-egfp的细胞粗提液中含有能与eGFP抗体特异结合的蛋白质,表明外源增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因(egfp)在集胞藻6803中成功表达.     

胰蛋白酶抑制剂KSTI3基因新型真核表达载体的构建及其在盐藻中的表达

应用PCR技术扩增Nos基因、 CaMV35S 启动子片段和氯霉素抗性基因 Cat ,并与胰蛋白酶抑制剂 KSTI3 基因连接,构建真核表达载体pMDCKN-Cat。DNA序列分析结果表明:表达载体中的胰蛋白酶抑制剂 KSTI3 基因、启动子 CaMV35S 、终止子 Nos 和氯霉素抗性基因 Cat 与已知序列完全一致。采用LiAc/PEG介导法将质粒pMDCKN-Cat转化至盐藻细胞中,通过氯霉素抗性基因筛选和PCR鉴定获得转基因盐藻细胞。经Western blotting检测,在硝酸纤维素膜上出现清晰的条带,分子量为20.1kDa,证明胰蛋白酶抑制剂 KSTI3 基因在盐藻中得到成功表达。     

Hsp70A-RBCS2融合启动子调控PHB合成酶基因在莱茵衣藻中的表达

利用Hsp70A-RBCS2融合启动子构建了新型的莱茵衣藻表达载体,并获得了聚-β-羟基丁酸（PHB）合成酶基因（phbC）的衣藻表达载体p105C124和pH105C124.通过＂珠磨法＂分别将上述两个衣藻表达载体导入细胞壁缺陷的莱茵衣藻CC-849（Chlamydomonas reinhardtii CC-849）中,得到了具有Zeomycin抗性的转基因藻株.Hsp70A-RBCS2启动子介导的外源基因遗传转化效率明显高于RBCS2启动子,Southern杂交结果显示,phbC基因以低拷贝数整合进莱茵衣藻的基因组DNA中.在光照下,Hsp70A-RBCS2融合启动子能够有效调控phbC基因在莱茵衣藻中的转录和翻译,得到的蛋白产物具有PHB合成酶活性,40℃热激诱导可使PHB合成酶的酶活性提高到1.8倍.因此,Hsp70A-RBCS2融合启动子可使phbC基因在莱茵衣藻中实现可诱导的表达,该研究对利用衣藻合成PHB具有重要的学术意义,进一步的研究将通过＂共转化＂法获得二价或三价的转基因藻,最终实现在转基因藻中合成PHB.     

外源ble基因在杜氏盐藻中的瞬时表达

利用电击法将带有ble基因的pSP124S转入杜氏盐藻细胞内进行瞬时表达,研究了外源基因在盐藻内的存留及表达情况,确定了合适的电击转化条件,发现利用电击法可以使大量的质粒导入盐藻细胞,质粒在细胞中逐渐降解但至少96h内可以检测得到,外源启动子能够使ble基因有效转录,转录至少可以持续72h,ble基因能够在盐藻细胞中正确翻译,可以作为盐藻遗传转化研究的筛选标记。     

外源ble基因在杜氏盐藻中的瞬时表达

利用电击法将带有ble基因的pSP124S转入杜氏盐藻细胞内进行瞬时表达．研究了外源基因在盐藻内的存留及表达情况,确定了合适的电击转化条件,发现利用电击法可以使大量的质粒导入盐藻细胞,质粒在细胞中逐渐降解但至少96h内可以检测得到。外源启动子能够使ble基因有效转录,转录至少可以持续72h,ble基因能够在盐藻细胞中正确翻译,可以作为盐藻遗传转化研究的筛选标记。     

绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞体外培养及转基因研究

目的用增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)基因转染体外培养绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞,探讨绿色荧光蛋白对绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞生物学特性的影响.方法体外分离培养绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞,经脂质体介导EGFP基因转染第一代成纤维细胞,G418筛选10～12*!d,挑选转基因单克隆细胞,传代培养,进行细胞形态观察、生长曲线以及染色体核型分析,并进行了培养细胞性别鉴定.结果整合有EGFP基因的绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞生物学行为与未转染外源基因的细胞无明显差别,根据荧光强度可直接反应外源基因的表达量.结论 EGFP基因作为体内报告基因可用于转基因细胞的研究,并将整合有EGFP基因的转基因细胞为克隆动物提供核供体奠定了基础.     

杜氏盐藻两种碳酸酐酶基因启动子的克隆和功能研究

将克隆得到的杜氏盐藻DCA7和CA基因的启动子区与bar基因和NOS polyA终止子片段融合,分别构建成pMDDC-B和pMDC-B转基因杜氏盐藻表达载体。用基因枪法将两种表达载体转化人杜氏盐藻细胞,通过除草剂草丁膦筛选培养获得转化藻株,对转化藻株进行分析。对转化杜氏盐藻藻株的筛选培养结果表明：pMDDC-B和pMDC-B载体中的外源bar基因能在杜氏盐藻细胞中稳定或瞬时表达。同时在氦气压力为690kPa条件下,微弹轰击2次比微弹轰击1次或3次的效果更好。对pMDDC-B转化杜氏盐藻得到的稳定表达的转化藻株进行的PCR和Southern印迹分析的结果表明：外源的bar基因确已整合到杜氏盐藻基因组中。Northern印迹分析表明：DCA7基因启动子驱动bar基因在杜氏盐藻细胞中的表达效率受氯化钠浓度梯度调控。推测首次克隆得到的DCA7基因启动子可能是一种活性高、安全性好的高渗诱导性启动子;杜氏盐藻DCA7和CA基因启动子区的GT高度重复序列,可能与杜氏盐藻高度耐盐的分子机制有关。     

螺旋藻耐盐相关基因启动子区功能分析

文章利用绿色荧光蛋白基因作为报告基因,研究2个螺旋藻耐盐相关基因启动子区域的功能。通过启动子预测软件预测螺旋藻耐盐相关基因5′端非翻译区的启动子结构,用Primer3.0程序在线设计引物,以pMD18-T载体和pUC18载体克隆螺旋藻启动子序列、gfp和卡那霉素抗性基因,将螺旋藻启动子-GFP基因-卡那霉素抗性基因(pro-gfp-kanr)三联DNA片段克隆至pKW1188载体,并将该重组质粒pKW1188::pro::gfp::kanr转化至受体菌集胞藻6803,激光共聚焦显微镜观察不同盐浓度培养条件下、不同时间段集胞藻表达GFP的情况。结果显示,通过不同盐浓度和不同时间的诱导,2个螺旋藻启动子在0.4~0.6 mol/L NaCl条件下,培养6~8 h表达的绿色荧光蛋白最多。文章成功构建了以绿色荧光蛋白为报告基因、卡那霉素抗性基因为选择标记、集胞藻6803作为外源基因表达受体,进行螺旋藻耐盐相关基因功能研究的平台;另外,从螺旋藻启动子能被盐诱导大量表达GFP的结果看,与启动子相关的螺旋藻基因很可能与螺旋藻的耐盐性相关。     

SOEing 法构建EGFP真核表达载体及其在杜氏盐藻中的表达

通过重叠区扩增基因拼接法（Gene splicing by overlap extension,SOEing）构建含有杜氏盐藻（Dunaliella salina）硝酸盐还原酶（NR）基因5′-上游序列（Pnr）and 3′-端序列（Tnr）的EGFP真核表达载体,并将其转化杜氏盐藻。利用改进的SOEing法,将杜氏盐藻NR基因Pnr与报告基因EGFP cDNA融合,并与pEGM-7zf克隆载体连接,顺序将盐藻NR基因Tnr序列与融合片段相连,构建含Pnr-EGFP-Tnr表达盒的盐藻真核表达载体p7NET。电击法转化杜氏盐藻,在盐藻转化株中观察到了EGFP的瞬时表达。此研究为转基因杜氏盐藻研究和成功建立杜氏盐藻生物反应器奠定了实验基础。     

甘菊DFL::EGFP高效融合蛋白表达载体的构建

增强型绿色荧光蛋白(enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP)是一种优化的突变型GFP,DFL是从甘菊中分离出的LFY基因的同源序列。为了研究DFL基因的功能和表达模式,研究利用小片段克隆法将linker序列插入到EGFP基因5′端启始密码子前面,在pBI121载体的CaMV35S启动子的3′端后面插入一段多克隆位点,成功地构建了pBI-DFL-EGFP表达载体。通过设计特异引物,利用PCR技术扩增得了到拟南芥LFY基因的启动子序列,用粘性末端PCR技术将pBI-DFL-EGFP表达载体中CaMV35S启动子替换成LFY基因启动子,构建成了pLFY-DFL-EGFP表达载体。用含有pBI-DFL-EGFP和pLFY-DFL-EGFP质粒的农杆菌侵染洋葱表皮细胞,在荧光显微镜下分别用蓝光激发,均观测到了荧光。这一结果表明,融合蛋白DFL∷EGFP表达载体构建成功,同时还证明了通过PCR技术克隆到的LFY启动子序列具有启动子功能。     

Bi-directional Duplex Promoters with Duplicated Enhancers Significantly Increase Transgene Expression in Grape and Tobacco

Novel bi-directional duplex promoters (BDDP) were constructed by placing two identical core promoters divergently on both upstream and downstream sides of their duplicated enhancer elements. Estimates of promoter function were obtained by creating versions of CaMV 35S and CsVMV BDDPs that contained reporter marker genes encoding beta-glucuronidase (GUS) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) interchangeably linked either to the upstream or downstream core promoters. GUS was used for quantitative analysis of promoter function, whereas, EGFP allowed visual qualitative evaluation. In addition, the GUS and EGFP genes placed in downstream positions were modified by translational fusion with neomycin phosphotransferase (NPTII) to allow simultaneous monitoring of promoter activity and selection of stable transformants. These versions of BDDP were compared with each other and with equivalent unidirectional constructs by evaluating their expression in grape and tobacco. For 35S promoter constructs tested in grape somatic embryos (SE), BDDP exhibited transient GUS expression 206- and 300-fold greater in downstream and upstream configurations, respectively, compared to a unidirectional 35S core promoter. Compared with a unidirectional double enhanced 35S promoter, BDDPs exhibited 0.5- and 3-fold increased GUS expression from downstream and upstream core promoters, respectively. The same differences in expression levels determined quantitatively with GUS were distinguished qualitatively with EGFP. Constructs using CsVMV core promoters yielded results relative to those obtained with 35S promoter. For example, the upstream BDDP CsVMV core promoter provided a 200-fold increase in GUS expression compared to a unidirectional core promoter. However, CsVMV promoter was found to have higher promoter activity than 35S promoter in both BDDP and unidirectional constructs. Incorporation of an additional duplicated enhancer element to BDDPs resulted in increased expression. For example, a 35S BDDP with two divergently arranged duplicated enhancer elements resulted in over a 6-fold increase in GUS expression in stably transformed tobacco plants compared to a BDDP with one duplicated enhancer element. Data demonstrate that BDDP composed of divergently-arranged core promoters separated by duplicated enhancers, all derived from a single promoter sequence, can be used to significantly enhance transgene expression and to direct synchronized expression of multiple transgenes.     

Use of green fluorescent protein as A non-destructive marker for peanut genetic transformation

Summary The ability to non-destructively visualize transient and stable gene expression has made green fluorescent protein (GFP) a most efficient reporter gene for routine plant transformation studies. We have assessed two fluorescent protein mutants, enhanced GFP (EGFP) and enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP), under the control of the CaMV35S promoter, for their transient expression efficiencies after particle bombardment of embryogenic cultures of the peanut cultivar, Georgia Green. A third construct (p524EGFP.1) that expressed EGFP from a double 35S promoter with an AMV enhancer sequence also was compared. The brightest and most dense fluorescent signals observed during transient expression were from p524EGFP. 1 and EYFP. Optimized bombardment conditions consisted of 0.6 μm diameter gold particles, 12410 kPa bombardment pressure, 95 kPa vacuum pressure, and pretreatment with 0.4 M mannitol. Bombardments with p524EGFP.1 produced tissue sectors expressing GFP that could be visually selected under the fluorescence microscope over multiple subcultures. Embryogenic lines selected for GFP expression initially may have been chimeric since quantitative analysis of expression sometimes showed an increase when GFP-expressing lines, that also contained a hygromycin-resistance gene, subsequently were cultured on hygromycin. Transformed peanut plants expressing GFP were obtained from lines selected either visually or on hygromycin. Integration of the gfp gene in the genomic DNA of regenerated plants was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization and transmission to progeny.     

伪狂犬病毒gD基因在转基因烟草中的表达

将猪伪狂犬病毒 (pseudorabiesvirus ,PRV)最主要的保护性抗原基因gD完整编码区亚克隆到修饰的植物双元表达载体pBI 35SL中 ,使其置于强启动子CaMV 35S doubleenhancer TEV 5′UTR下游 ,构建的转基因植物双元表达质粒经农杆菌介导转化烟草 .PCR检测叶片筛选阳性植株 ,Southern杂交进一步证实gD已整合到转基因烟草基因组中 .固相酶联斑点试验和Western印迹表明 ,gD在烟草获得正确表达并具有抗原性     

AtRGS1-GFP融合蛋白对AtRGS1细胞定位的研究

应用Gateway克隆技术构建了以CaMV35S为启动子,含AtRGS1-GFP融合基因的植物表达载体,并分别用根癌农杆菌介导法和PEG介导法转化拟南芥野生型（C01）悬浮细胞系和幼苗叶片原生质体,利用荧光显微镜观察AtRGS1-GFP融合基因在转化受体系统中的表达与定位。结果显示,在含AtRGS1-GFP融合基因的转化细胞系中,GFP绿色荧光在细胞膜（壁）上特异表达;原生质体瞬时表达系统中,GFP绿色荧光在细胞膜上强烈表达,表明AtRGS1蛋白定位于细胞质膜上。     

Green fluorescent protein as an all-purpose reporter in Petunia

Two critical attributes of a reporter gene are ease of scoring for activity and capacity for expression in all cell types. We have examined a variant of the gene encoding green fluorescent protein,mgfp5, for its ability to meet these criteria in petunia. Under regulation of the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) 35S promoter, GFP was detectable in all vegetative and most floral cell types. Promoters from petuniaadhl andadh2 allowed for production of GFP in those few cell types lacking GFP production from the CaMV 35S promoter, verifying its capacity for expression in all cell types. With the appropriate promoter, GFP fluorescence was thus readily detectable throughout the plant. A potential complication is the green autofluorescence exhibited by some plant tissues. This auto-fluorescence is for the most part distinguishable from that contributed by GFP, but under-scores the need for appropriate controls in GFP-reporter-based experiments. An erratum to this article is available at .     

Establishment of a micro-particle bombardment transformation system for Dunaliella salina

In this study, we chronicle the establishment of a novel transformation system for the unicellular marine green alga, Dunaliella salina. We introduced the CaMV35S promoter-GUS construct into D. salina with a PDS1000/He micro-particle bombardment system. Forty eight h after transformation, via histochemical staining, we observed the transient expression of GUS in D. salina cells which had been bombarded under rupture-disc pressures of 450 psi and 900 psi. We observed no GUS activity in either the negative or the blank controls. Our findings indicated that the micro-particle bombardment method constituted a feasible approach to the genetic transformation of D. salina. We also conducted tests of the cells' sensitivity to seven antibiotics and one herbicide, and our results suggested that 20 microg/ml of Basta could inhibit cell growth completely. The bar gene, which encodes for phosphinothricin acetyltransferase and confers herbicide tolerance, was introduced into the cells via the above established method. The results of PCR and PCR-Southern blot analyses indicated that the gene was successfully integrated into the genome of the transformants.