DcMYB113, a root‐specific R2R3‐MYB,conditions anthocyanin biosynthesis and modification in carrot

Purple carrots, the original domesticated carrots, accumulate highly glycosylated and acylated anthocyanins in root and/or petiole. Previously, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for root‐specific anthocyanin pigmentation was genetically mapped to chromosome 3 of carrot. In this study, an R2R3‐MYB gene, namely DcMYB113, was identified within this QTL region. DcMYB113 expressed in the root of ‘Purple haze’, a carrot cultivar with purple root and nonpurple petiole, but not in the roots of two carrot cultivars with a purple root and petiole (Deep purple and Cosmic purple) and orange carrot ‘Kurodagosun’, which appeared to be caused by variation in the promoter region. The function of DcMYB113 from ‘Purple haze’ was verified by transformation in ‘Cosmic purple’ and ‘Kurodagosun’, resulting in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Transgenic ‘Kurodagosun’ carrying DcMYB113 driven by the CaMV 35S promoter had a purple root and petiole, while transgenic ‘Kurodagosun’ expressing DcMYB113 driven by its own promoter had a purple root and nonpurple petiole, suggesting that root‐specific expression of DcMYB113 was determined by its promoter. DcMYB113 could activate the expression of DcbHLH3 and structural genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis. DcUCGXT1 and DcSAT1, which were confirmed to be responsible for anthocyanins glycosylation and acylation, respectively, were also activated by DcMYB113. The WGCNA identified several genes co‐expressed with anthocyanin biosynthesis and the results indicated that DcMYB113 may regulate anthocyanin transport. Our findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism underlying root‐specific anthocyanin biosynthesis and further modification in carrot and even other root crops.     

苦荞TCP转录因子全基因组鉴定及非生物胁迫分析

TCP是植物特有的一类转录因子,在植物生长发育过程中发挥着重要作用。该研究利用生物信息学方法对苦荞TCP家族进行全基因组鉴定,并通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术分析苦荞TCP基因在干旱胁迫和盐胁迫下的表达特征。结果表明:(1)在苦荞的基因组中鉴定出28个TCP家族成员,它们不均匀地分布在苦荞的8条染色体上。(2)多数的苦荞TCP基因包含1～5个外显子。(3)系统发育分析将苦荞TCP家族分为5个亚家族,种内TCP蛋白多聚集在同一分支上。(4)共线性分析表明,5个苦荞TCP基因来自全基因组复制事件。(5)顺式元件分析显示,苦荞TCP基因的启动子区域的顺式响应元件主要包含胁迫响应元件和激素响应元件两大类。(6)转录组数据分析结果显示,所有苦荞TCP基因在检测组织中均有表达。(7)qRT-PCR结果显示,FtTCP3、FtTCP6、FtTCP12和FtTCP13基因在干旱胁迫和盐胁迫下的表达量发生变化,其中FtTCP3在6 h干旱处理和盐处理时表达量均达到峰值,说明FtTCP3基因在苦荞应对干旱胁迫和盐胁迫中起正向调控作用。该研究结果为了解TCP基因家族的进化和功能提供了新的见解,为苦荞TCP基因家族的功能研究和利用奠定了基础。     

植物MYB转录因子功能及调控机制研究进展

MYB转录因子是植物中数量最大、功能最多样的转录因子之一,在众多生命过程中扮演重要的角色,已成为当前植物基因功能及表达网络调控研究的热点。结合最新研究进展,综述了植物MYB转录因子家族的进化,并着重阐述了生物学功能及表达调控,为进一步分析功能未知的植物MYB转录因子提供参考。