云南省双蚤属三个新亚种记述(蚤目:细蚤科)

从云南省西北部三个不同地区采到的双蚤属(Amphipsylla Wager,1909)标本,经比较研究,分别为似方双蚤(A.quadratoides Liu,Tsai ＆ Wu,1975)一新亚种及直缘双蚤(A.tuta Wagner,1928)两新亚种。兹记述如下:     

青海省寄生于有蹄类的蠕形蚤

目前,在青海省已发现寄生于有蹄类的蠕形蚤3属8种和亚种,其中有4新种和亚种,是我国蠕形蚤最多的省份。蠕形蚤是危害家畜和其它有蹄类动物的主要害虫之一,应采取有效措施予以预防。     

棕形额蚤指名亚种幼虫形态及与同属蚤幼虫的比较

我国已描述的蚤幼虫约有50余种或亚种,而额蚤属幼虫已有5种或亚种：似升额蚤介中亚种FrontopsyllaelatoidesintermediaCai,Wu＆Zhang,1987[1,2],似升额蚤指名亚种FrontopsyllaelatoideselatoidesWagner,1928[3],升额蚤指名亚种Frontopsyllaelatae－lata（JordanetRothschild,1915）[4],无棘鬃额蚤FrontopsyllaaspindermisLiu＆Wu,1960[5]和前额蚤灰獭亚种FrontopsyllafrontalisbaibacinaJi,1979[2]。本文首次描述可疑的鼠疫媒介蚤种棕形额蚤指名亚种FrontopsyllaspadixSpadix（Jordan＆Rothschild,1927）的幼虫形态,并与同…     

大多毛蚤一新亚种记述(蚤目:多毛蚤科)

近年,从云南采到多毛蚤(Hystrichopsylla Tiraboschi,1904)一种,经鉴定系一新亚种。兹命名为:大多毛蚤云南亚种 Hystrichopsylla weida yunnanensis,ssp.nov. 鉴别特征 与大多毛蚤指名亚种(H.weida weida Jameson ＆ Hsieh,1967)的重要区别是:1)腹部,第一一五背板的端小刺较指名亚种者多。(2),第八腹部端部斜削成刀形(末端很尖),腹缘鬃多而密,指名亚种者狭窄成棒状(末端并不很尖),腹缘鬃少而     

蠕形蚤属我国青海省一新种记述

青海高原是富于蠕形蚤的地区,世界已知的六种,除三种外,均分布青海。它们是有蹄类动物,特别是牛、羊、马鹿的害虫。最近,我们在祁连山麓又获一新种,故命名为祁连蠕形蚤Vermipsylla qilianensis。 本新种在形态特征上接近花蠕形蚤V.alakurt Schimkewitsch,1885和阿富汗的似花蠕形蚤V·perplexa Smit,1975,其鉴别特征见表。     

中国蠕形蚤属两新种和属征的修订

古北区特产的蠕形蚤属(Vermipsylla Schimk,1885)很早以来只知一种——花蠕形蚤(V.alakurt Schimk.),分布于我国新疆(和田兽诊室,1959),苏联哈萨克和吉尔吉斯及蒙古乌兰巴托附近(Schimkewitsch,1885; ,1954)。最近李贵真(1964)记述一新种两新亚种。我们近从西藏获得若干蠕形蚤,经与花蠕形蚤标本及李氏新种记述比较研究后,形态很不相同,宿主亦不一样,认为是两个新种,兹记述如下。     

特新蚤一新亚种——德钦特新蚤记述

在从云南省德钦县采到的跳蚤标本中,发现特新蚤(Neopsylla specialis Jordan,1932)一新亚种,与已知三亚种——特特新蚤(N.s.speciaiis Jordan,1932)、贵阳特新蚤(N.s.kweiyangensis Li,1964)、闽北特新蚤(N.s.minpiensis Li et Wang,1964)均有明显差异,定为一新亚种,命名为德钦特新蚤Neopsylla specialis dechingensis新亚种。 鉴别特征 雄性:1)第Ⅷ腹板后端长鬃列以后的膜质部较窄,接近闽北特新蚤,而不同于特特新蚤、贵阳特新蚤者,具较宽的膜质部。新亚种在该腹板侧面具鬃9-12个,最后一列     

卷带倍蚤一新亚种——(蚤目:角叶蚤科)

卷带倍蚤(Amphalius spirataenius Liu,Wu et Wu,1966)从1966年发表以来,其分布地区现已遍及西藏、云南、青海、四川等省区。除了指名亚种(A。spirataenius spiratae-nius之外,1981年又报道了采自湖北省神农架地区的卷带倍蚤巴东亚种(Amphalius spi-rataenius badongensis),本文再报道采自四川阿坝藏族自治州黑水县的另一新亚种。     

特新蚤川藏亚种形态特征的补充：（蚤目：多毛蚤科）

1963年10月12日从四川巴塘采获一批蚤类标本,共3(?)(?),6(?)(?)。其宿主由于有安氏白腹鼠Niviventer andersoni、社鼠N.confucianus和大耳姬鼠Apodemus latronum三只动物相混,故难于判定是其中哪一种动物。经鉴定这批标本的形态特征与特新蚤川藏亚种Neopsyllaspecialis sichuanxizangensis Wu & Chen,1982大致符合。但在(?)第8腹板后段、第9腹板后臂的刺形鬃鬃序以及(?)第7腹板后缘的形状等处存在着差异。按这些差异本应考虑为另一亚种,但由于川藏亚种模式产地为四川的木里、黑水、若尔盖、巴塘和西藏的波密、察隅     

四川蠕形蚤属一新种(蚤目:蠕形蚤科)

1963年作者等在四川西部巴塘县吴巴龙地区的一只岩驴体外,采得一批蚤类标本,经研究确定为蠕形蚤属(Vermipsylla Schimkewitsch)内的一个新种,订名为微小蠕形蚤Vermipsylla minuta sp.nov.。     

中国蟹蛛科（蜘蛛目）新种记述

记述我国蟹蛛科花蟹蛛属６新种和蟹蛛属２新种,共计８新种,金林花蟹蛛Ｘｙｓｔｉｃｕｓｊｉｎｌｉｎ,玛纳斯花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｍａｎａｓ,林芝花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｎｙｉｎｇｃｈｉｅｎｓｉｓ,拟斑花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｐａｒａｐｕｎｃｔａｔｕｓ,似旋花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｔｏｒｓｉｖｏｉｄｅｓ,吴氏花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｗｕａｅ,广西蟹蛛Ｔｈｏｍｉｓｕｓｇｕａｎｇｘｉｃｕｓ和胡氏蟹蛛Ｔ．ｈｕｉ。     

Arboreal locomotion in wild black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti)

This paper presents spatiotemporal gait parameters of arboreal locomotion in the colobine Rhinopithecus bieti in its natural habitat. While adult females used exclusively either extended-elbow vertical climbing or pulse climbing, the much larger adult males preferred the less demanding flexed-elbow vertical climbing on thin trees or on trunks with handholds. If sex-specific differences are taken into consideration, the differences between flexed-elbow and extended-elbow vertical climbing in Rhinopithecus parallel those observed in Ateles. During flexed-elbow vertical climbing, the gait parameters of R. bieti are very similar to those of spider monkeys (Ateles fusciceps) or bonobos (Pan paniscus). Maximum limb joint excursions also lie in the range of hominoids and atelines and are clearly larger than in Macaca fuscata. It seems likely that climbing kinematics may differ more between Rhinopithecus and macaques than between Rhinopithecus and hominoids or atelines.     

金丝猴的牙齿

牙齿对古生物、古人类研究是十分重要的。牙齿也是动物分类学所依据的重要特征之一,它所提供的亲缘证据和来自其他方面的材料多是相吻合的。在讨论和评价现生灵长类时,牙齿同样是不可缺少的材料之一。就目前所知,已发表的金丝猴(Rhinopithecus)牙齿的研究资料较少。Hooiier(1952)和Swindler(1976)对川金丝猴的牙齿只作了一个简单的记录和扼要的形态描述。至于滇金丝猴和黔金丝猴牙齿的研究纯属空白。为此,有必要对这三个类群牙齿的形态结构作一个简要的比较观察,试图找出它们之间和属间的异同点,为今后的综合性探讨提供基本材料。     

按蚊亚属一新种的记述

笔者等1960年和1981年在昆明市郊龙潭坝水田内,采得一批唇基内毛分枝的按蚊幼虫。1980年在滇西北的德钦县采到同样的幼虫及羽化的成蚊。1981年又专程到龙潭坝再次采集该蚊,经隔离饲养,获得由卵至成蚊各虫期的成套标本,经鉴定为新种——昆明按蚊Anopheles kunmingensis,sp.nov。 雌蚊 中型蚊虫,翅长3.9—4.3毫米。顶鳞在中央处为乳白色,扩展至两侧为棕灰色。后头竖鳞深棕色。触角梗节及鞭节2—5有较多的窄白鳞,唇基两侧各有一小丛深棕色鳞片。触须（图1）较为粗糙,基部鳞片蓬松状,在中央处杂有白鳞,有白环4个,     

First evidence of prey capture and meat eating by wild Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus bieti in Yunnan,China

Most extant nonhuman primates occasionally prey on fast-moving, warm-blooded animals; however, Indriidae, Lepilemuridae, and Colobinae either scavenged for meat or did not eat meat at all. Here we report six cases of animal consumption by the snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus bieti in a wild, habituated group between 2004 and 2009 in Yunnun, China. At present,only males in an all-male unit within the study group were involved in active hunting. Such a male-biased activity may be related to the group structure and spatial spread of R. bieti. Two females were observed eating freshly killed birds. The findings confirmed that R. bieti engaged in scavenging and, when hunting, employed a cranio-cervical bite to kill their prey. Meat eating is likely a nutrient maximization feeding strategy in R. bieti, especially in males. A begging behavior occurred after successful prey capture. Although begging was observed, no sharing of the meat was seen. The present findings illuminate the dietary diversity of R. bieti and their ability to expand their dietary spectrum.     

伪突沼石蛾属二新种记述：毛翅目：沼石蛾科

本文记述从四川省和云南省采集发现的2新种:棒须伪突沼石蛾Pseudostenophylaxclaratus sp.nov.和三叶伪突沼石蛾Pseudostenophylax elongatus sp.nov.。新种的模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本馆。     

Terrestrial behavior and use of forest strata in a group of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus bieti at Xiaochangdu,Tibet

Food distribution and predation pressure are considered to be the main ecological factors that influence the use of forest strata(basically arboreality vs.terrestriality)in non-human primates.Here,we investigate ground use of wild,unprovisioned black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus bieti by means of the scan sampling method.The results show that the monkeys spent 15.0% of the day time on the ground;16.6%,12.7%,and 15.6% for adult males,adult females and juveniles,respectively.Adult males and juve...     

长窦副新蚤雄蚤的形态记述(蚤目:多毛蚤科)

本文首次记述了采自青海玉树的长窦副新蚤Paraneopsylla longisinuata Liu, Tsai & Wu,1974的雄蚤。模式标本保存于著者所在的单位。     

中国哑蟋属昆虫三新种记述：直翅目：蟋蟀科

本文记述采自我国四川、江西等地哑蟋属Ｇｏｎｉｏｇｒｙｌｌｕｓ昆虫３新种：重庆哑蟋Ｇ．ｃｈｏｎｇｑｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎ八刺哑蟋Ｇ．ｏｃｔｏｓｐｉｎａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎ以及庐山哑蟋Ｇ．ｌｕｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎ。     

四川象尉属二新种（等翅目：尉科）

最近,作者在整理四川省象尉亚科Nasutitermitinae标本时,发现象尉属Nasutitermes Dudley二新种,现记述如下。