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1.
Ewa Capecka 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》1998,20(2):143-147
Relationships between radish thiocyanate content and its dry weight, the content of sugar, protein, fibre, ascorbic acid,
some minerals, the incidence of plant shooting, the firmness and pithiness of storage-roots, and the ratio of leaves to storageroot
(wt/wt) were investigated. The analysis of linear correlation was based on numerous data from the 4-year field experiment
with six radish cultivars and different sowing and harvest dates. The content of thiocyanate in radish roots was found to
be positively correlated with their dry weight, and the content of total protein, crude fibre, and soluble sugar. A strong
relationship was found between the content of thiocyanate and dry weight of radish leaves. The negative correlation between
the thiocyanate content in the leaves and the firmness of storageroots and the positive correlation with their pithiness might
indicate the translocation of this compounds into green plant parts during the ageing of root tissue. The root thiocyanate
content and the percentage of shooting correlated significantly only in the case of Tokinashi. The closeness of relations
between the ratio of leaves/storage-root and thiocyanate content, though in general small, was affected also by a cultivar.
A similar effect was observed for the correlations between the thiocyanate contents in leaves and storage-roots. 相似文献
2.
Jurga Sakalauskaitė Aušra Brazaitytė Akvilė Urbonavičiūtė Giedrė Samuolienė Gintarė Šabajevienė Sandra Sakalauskienė Pavelas Duchovskis 《Central European Journal of Biology》2010,5(5):674-681
Effects of short-term ozone (O3) fumigation on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plants were examined in growth chambers under controlled environment conditions. Plants were exposed to 0 μg/m3 (reference), 80 μg/m3, 160 μg/m3 and 240 μg/m3 O3 concentrations for 7 h per day for five days. Day/night temperature was 21°C/14°C and photoperiod 16 h. Chlorophyll content
was evaluated spectrophotometrically. Chromatographic analysis of saccharides was also undertaken. The results showed that
elevated O3 inhibited the growth of radish rhizocarps, net assimilation rate and biomass accumulation. O3 induced leaf desiccation, necrosis and premature senescence, but a typical reaction of plants to O3 stress was the rapid regeneration of new leaves. O3 inhibited accumulation of carotenoids more than chlorophylls. The higher photosynthetic pigment content in newly generated
radish leaves may be regarded as an adaptation of the photosynthetic system to O3. Leaf saccharide metabolism and incorporation depended on O3 concentration. Rapid regeneration of new leaves and increased content of photosynthetic pigments is the typical reaction
of radish plants to O3 stress. 相似文献
3.
Salt-induced changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), and lipid peroxidation in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA), level of H2O2, and some key metabolites such as soluble proteins, free proline and phenolics in the leaves of six radish cultivars (Radish Red Neck, Radish Lal Pari, Radish Mino Japani, Radish 40 Days, Mannu Early and Desi) were investigated. Varying levels of NaCl (0, 80 and 160 mM) applied for 40 days adversely affected the shoot fresh weight, chlorophyll contents and soluble proteins, while increased the levels of proline, and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT. However, leaf H2O2 and total phenolic contents were not affected by salt stress. Cultivars Mannu Early, Radish 40 Days and Desi were relatively higher in shoot fresh weight (percent of control) while cvs. Radish Mino Japani and Mannu Early in proline, and cvs. Radish 40 Days and Desi in total soluble proteins at 160 mM of NaCl. However, levels of H2O2 and phenolics were higher in cvs. Desi, Radish Lal Pari and Mannu Early and SOD, POD and CAT activities only in Radish Lal Pari and Mannu Early than the other cultivars under saline conditions. Overall, the differential salt tolerance of radish cultivars observed in the present study was not found to be associated with higher antioxidant enzyme activities and other key metabolites analyzed, so these attributes cannot be considered as selection criteria for salt tolerance in radish. 相似文献
4.
M. M. D. Heikal 《Plant and Soil》1977,48(1):223-232
Summary Sand culture technique was used to study the effect of irrigation with saline nutrient solutions on the water and mineral elements content of leaves of safflower, sunflower, wheat and radish. Saline culture solutions were prepared by adding NaCl and CaCl2 to Pfeffer's nutrient solution. The water content of wheat leaves was not affected by salinity, whereas that of leaves of safflower, sunflower and radish was significantly decreased at the high salinity level (6000 ppm) only.Sodium and calcium content of all test plants was generally increased progressively with salinity. The total nitrogen content of safflower and sunflower leaves was significantly increased, whereas that of wheat and radish leaves was almost significantly decreased by salinity. Salinity induced nonsignificant effect on phosphorus content of all test plants. Potassium content of the test plants was significantly reduced by salinity. Magnesium content of safflower and sunflower was significantly decreased by salinity, but the effect was non-significant in case of wheat and radish leaves. re]19760625 相似文献
5.
Mokhtar Guerfel Alexandros Beis Tasos Zotos Dalenda Boujnah Mokhtar Zarrouk Angelos Patakas 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(4):825-831
Differences in abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation between two olive cultivars were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
in roots and leaves, leaf water potential (Ψl), stomatal conductance (g
s) as well as photosynthetic rate (A) were also determined in well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) plants of two olive
cultivars ‘Chemlali’ and ‘Chetoui’. ‘Chemlali’ was able to maintain higher leaf CO2 assimilation rate and leaf stomatal conductance throughout the drought cycle when compared with ‘Chetoui’. Furthermore, leaf
water potential of ‘Chemlali’ decreased in lower extent than in Chetoui in response to water deficit. Interestingly, significant
differences in water-stress-induced ABA accumulation were observed between the two olive cultivars and reflect the degree
of stress experienced. Chemlali, a drought tolerant cultivar, accumulated lower levels of ABA in their leaves to regulate
stomatal control in response to water stress compared to the drought sensitive olive cultivar ‘Chetoui’ which accumulated
ABA in large amount. 相似文献
6.
2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) caused a significant declinein chlorophyll content of radish plant within 5 d of treatment.Such effects were greater when plants were treated at the two-than at the four-leaf stage. In early treated plants, concentrationof CEPA increasing from 20 mg/1 progressively increased leafweight, while decreasing root (radish) weight. A concentrationof 10 mg/1, applied at the three-leaf stage, increased leafand root weights by 27 and 30 per cent respectively in the cultivarCavalier. Similar responses were obtained withthe cultivar Cherry Belle. While Cavalier showeda discrete 10 mg/1 optimum, Cherry Belle exhibiteda range of concentrations (10-40 mg/1) optimal for growth. At relatively high concentrations, early application of CEPAcaused inverse changes in sucrose-14C in the leaves and theroot, so that decreased retention by leaves was accompaniedby increased transport to roots. Low concentrations of CEPAappear promising for growth stimulation in root-crop plants. 相似文献
7.
Z. J. Zhang W. J. Zhou H. Z. Li G. Q. Zhang K. Subrahmaniyan J. Q. Yu 《Biologia Plantarum》2006,50(3):453-456
The shoot fresh mass, root length and root numbers of two potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars Favorita and Helanwuhua were increased significantly by the application of 0.2 – 2 mg dm−3 jasmonic acid (JA) in the Murashige and Skoog medium. However, the growth of potato explants was inhibited by JA at high
concentrations (20 – 50 mg dm−3). Chlorophyll content in explant leaves decreased with an increase in the concentration of JA. In leaves treated with 0.2
mg dm−3 JA acid peroxidase activity increased, while in the leaves treated with more than 2 mg dm−3 JA peroxidase activity decreased. Under the dark, the microtuber numbers, fresh mass and percentage of big microtubers of
two potato cultivars were not promoted by the application of 0.2 – 50 mg dm−3 JA. 相似文献
8.
Effect of seed manganese content on the growth of wheat (triticum aestivum) under manganese deficiency 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary The importance of seed manganese (Mn) content for seedling growth of two wheat cultivars under soil Mn deficiency was demonstrated
in growth cabinet experiments. Seed was obtained from different field sites (giving a Mn content range of 0.1 to 6.4 μg Mn
seed−1), as well as from soaking seed in MnSO4 prior to sowing. Seed soaking greatly increased the seed Mn content, however, only about 15–20% of this additional Mn was
recovered in the seedlings after 26 days growth. In these experiments, the seed rather than the soil provided the major source
of plant Mn. Manganese critical deficiency levels (CDLs) were also obtained for leaves, shoots and roots. Increased grain
yields from seed soaking were also evident in the field. 相似文献
9.
Radomír Čabala L’udmila Slováková Manal El Zohri Hartmut Frank 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(4):1239-1248
Translocation of cadmium (Cd) in the tissues of Vicia faba, the water content in biomass, the biomass production, and the glutathione and phytochelatin tissue concentrations were studied
and correlated with the plant sensitivity and/or tolerance to Cd. The total concentrations of Cd were determined by inductively
coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), the concentrations of glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins 2 and 3 (PC2 and PC3)
were determined by on-line high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray-ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI–MS–MS)
in the roots and leaves of the sensitive and the tolerant cultivars of V. faba grown in Cd containing nutrient solutions (NS, 0–100 μmol l−1 Cd2+). Both the cultivars of V. faba accumulate a major portion of Cd in the roots and only a minor part of ca. 4% in the leaves. The differences between the
cultivars concerning Cd accumulation in leaves were apparent from higher Cd concentrations in NS and the Cd amount in the
sensitive cultivar was approximately twice as high. In the roots, the differences between the cultivars in the Cd accumulation
were only statistically significant with the highest Cd concentrations in NS, with the tolerant cultivar accumulating about
16% more of Cd compared to the sensitive one. The biomass production of the sensitive cultivar decreased approximately twice
as fast with increasing Cd concentration in NS. The biomass water content decreased with increasing Cd concentration in NS
in both the cultivars. In general, the GSH concentration did not linearly correlate with Cd accumulation, except for the roots
of the sensitive cultivar where it was independent, and was higher in the sensitive cultivar than in the tolerant one in both
the leaves and roots. The GSH concentration in leaves was approximately one order of magnitude higher than that in the roots
for both the cultivars. The relationships between the PC and Cd concentrations in tissues were found nonlinear. At lower Cd
accumulation levels, the PC concentrations followed an increase in the Cd accumulation in both the roots and leaves, whereas
at higher Cd accumulations the relations differed between roots and leaves. In the roots, the PC concentrations decreased
with increasing Cd accumulation, whereas the PC concentration in the leaves followed the decrease in the Cd accumulation. 相似文献
10.
Mustapha Ennajeh Ahmadou Mohamed Vadel Habib Khemira 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(4):711-721
In this study, we compared the efficacy of defense mechanisms against severe water deficit in the leaves of two olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars, ‘Chemlali’ and ‘Meski’, reputed drought resistant and drought sensitive, respectively. Two-year old plants
growing in sand filled 10-dm3 pots were not watered for 2 months. Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and malondialdehyde content as leaf relative
water content (RWC) decreased showed that ‘Chemlali’ was able to maintain functional and structural cell integrity longer
than ‘Meski’. Mannitol started to accumulate later in the leaves of ‘Chemlali’ but reached higher levels than in the leaves
of ‘Meski’. The latter accumulated several soluble sugars at lower dehydration. ‘Chemlali’ leaves also accumulated larger
quantities of phenolic compounds which can improve its antioxidant response. Furthermore, the activity of three antioxidant
enzymes catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased as leaf RWC decreased. However, differences
were observed between the two cultivars for CAT and POD but not for APX. The activity of the first two enzymes increased earlier
in ‘Meski’, but reached higher levels in ‘Chemlali’. At low leaf hydration levels, ‘Chemlali’ leaves accumulated mannitol
and phenolic compounds and had increased CAT and POD activities. These observations suggest that ‘Chemlali’ was more capable
of maintaining its leaf cell integrity under severe water stress because of more efficient osmoprotection and antioxidation
mechanisms. 相似文献
11.
The effects of nitrogen (N) supply restriction on the CO2 assimilation and photosystem 2 (PS2) function of flag leaves were compared between two contrastive Japanese rice cultivars,
a low-yield cultivar released one century ago, cv. Shirobeniya (SRB), and a recently improved high-yield cultivar, cv. Akenohoshi
(AKN). Both cultivars were solution-cultured at four N supply levels from N4 (control) to N1 (the lowest). With a reduction
in N-supply, contents of N (LNC), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBPCO), and chlorophyll (Chl) in flag
leaves decreased in both cultivars. In parallel with this, the net photosynthetic rate (P
N), mesophyll conductance (g
m), and stomatal conductance (g
s) decreased. P
N was more dominantly restricted by g
m than g
s. The values of P
N, g
m, and RuBPCO content were larger in AKN than SRB at the four N supply levels. The content of Chl greatly decreased with N
deficiency, but the reduction in the maximum quantum yield of PS2 was relatively small. Quantum yield of PS2 (ΦPS2) decreased with N deficiency, and its significant cultivar difference was observed between the two cultivars at N1: a high
value was found in AKN. The content ratio of Chl/RuBPCO was also significantly low in AKN. The low Chl/RuBPCO is one of the
reasons why AKN maintained a comparatively high P
N and ΦPS2 at N deficiency. The adequate ratio of N distribution between Chl and RuBPCO is the important prerequisite for the efficient
and sustainable photosynthesis in a flag leaf of rice plant under low N-input. 相似文献
12.
Yellow-green foliage cultivars of four vegetables grown outdoors, i.e., Chinese mustard (Brassica rapa), Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and Chinese amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor), had lower chlorophyll (Chl) (a+b) (29–36% of green cultivars of the same species), total carotenoids (46–62%) and ascorbate (72–90%) contents per leaf area.
Furthermore, yellow-green cultivars had smaller photosystem II (PSII) antenna size (65–70%) and lower photosynthetic capacity
(52–63%), but higher Chl a/b (107–156%) and from low (60%) to high (129%) ratios of de-epoxidized xanthophyll cycle pigments per Chl a content. Potential quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) of all overnight dark-adapted leaves was ca. 0.8, with no significant difference between yellow-green and green cultivars of the same species. However, yellow-green
cultivars displayed a higher degree of photoinhibition (lower Fv/Fm after illumination) when they were exposed to high irradiance.
Although vegetables used in this study are of either temperate or tropical origin and include both C3 and C4 plants, data from all cultivars combined revealed that Fv/Fm after illumination still showed a significant positive linear regression with xanthophyll cycledependent energy quenching
(qE) and a negative linear regression with photoinhibitory quenching (qI). Fv/Fm was, however, not correlated with nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). Yet, a higher degree of photoinhibition in yellow-green
cultivars could recover during the night darkness period, suggesting that the repair of PSII in yellow-green cultivars would
allow them to grow normally in the field. 相似文献
13.
Effect of drought on chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves of three wheat cultivars varying in productivity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. K. Nikolaeva S. N. Maevskaya A. G. Shugaev N. G. Bukhov 《Russian Journal of Plant Physiology》2010,57(1):87-95
Seedlings of three wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.)—highly productive cv. Ballada, moderately productive cv. Belchanka, and low productive cv. Beltskaya—were exposed to
progressive soil drought (cessation of watering for 3, 5, and 7 days) and then analyzed for chlorophyll content and activities
of ferredoxin-NADP+ oxidoreductase (FNR) and antioxidant enzymes, namely, glutathione reductase (GR) and ascorbate peroxidase (AscP). In addition,
the proline content, and the extent of lipid peroxidation were examined. In the first period of water limitation, the water
loss from leaves was slight for all wheat cultivars, which is characteristic of drought-resistant varieties. After 7-day drought
the leaf water content decreased by 5.2–6.8%. The total chlorophyll content expressed per unit dry weight increased insignificantly
during the first two periods of drought but decreased by 13–15% later on. This decrease was not accompanied by changes in
chlorophyll a/b ratio. The plant dehydration did not induce significant changes in FNR activity. Activities of GR and AscP in leaves of wheat
cultivars Ballada and Belchanka increased on the 3rd and 5th days of drought. Owing to the coordinated increase in GR and
AscP activities, the lipid peroxidation rate remained at nearly the control level observed in water-sufficient plants. When
the dehydration period was prolonged to 7 days, activities of GR and AscP in wheat cultivars reduced in parallel with the
increase in malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content, indicating that the antioxidant enzyme defense system was weakened and lipid
peroxidation enhanced. Unlike Ballada and Belchanka, the wheat cv. Beltskaya did not exhibit the increase in GR and AscP activities
during progressive soil drought. The increase in MDA content by 16% in this cultivar was only observed after a 7-day drought
period. The proline content in leaves of all wheat cultivars increased substantially during drought treatment. Thus, in wheat
cultivars examined, different responses of the defense systems were mobilized to implement plant protection against water
stress. The activities of antioxidant enzyme defense system depended on wheat cultivar, duration of drought, and the stage
of leaf development. 相似文献
14.
J. F. Gonçalves L. A. Tabaldi D. Cargnelutti L. B. Pereira J. Maldaner A. G. Becker L. V. Rossato R. Rauber M. D. Bagatini D. A. Bisognin M. R. C. Schetinger F. T. Nicoloso 《Biometals》2009,22(5):779-792
A hydroponic experiment was carried out to characterize the oxidative stress responses of two potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L. cvs. Asterix and Macaca) to cadmium (Cd). Plantlets were exposed to four Cd levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μM) for 7 days.
Cd concentration was increased in both roots and shoot. Number of sprouts and roots was not decreased, whereas Cd treatment
affected the number of nodal segments. Chlorophyll content and ALA-D activity were decreased in both cultivars, whereas carotenoids
content was decreased only in Macaca. Cd caused lipid peroxidation in roots and shoot of both cultivars. Protein oxidation
was only verified at the highest Cd level. H2O2 content was increased in roots and shoot of Asterix, and apparently, a compensatory response between roots and shoot of Macaca
was observed. SOD activity was inhibited in roots of Asterix at all Cd treatments, whereas in Macaca it was only increased
at two highest Cd levels. Shoot SOD activity increased in Asterix and decreased in Macaca. Root CAT activity in Asterix decreased
at 100 and 150 μM, whereas in Macaca it decreased only at 50 μM. Shoot CAT activity was decreased in Macaca. Root AsA content
in Macaca was not affected, whereas in shoot it was reduced at 100 μM and increased at 200 μM. Cd caused increase in NPSH
content in roots and shoot. Our results suggest that Cd induces oxidative stress in both potato cultivars and that of the
two cultivars, Asterix showed greater sensitivity to Cd levels. 相似文献
15.
Rapid discrimination of commercial strawberry cultivars using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data combined by multivariate analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Suk Weon Kim Sung Ran Min Jonghyun Kim Sang Kyu Park Tae Il Kim Jang R. Liu 《Plant biotechnology reports》2009,3(1):87-93
To determine whether pattern recognition based on metabolite fingerprinting for whole cell extracts can be used to discriminate
cultivars metabolically, leaves and fruits of five commercial strawberry cultivars were subjected to Fourier transform infrared
(FT-IR) spectroscopy. FT-IR spectral data from leaves were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and Fisher’s linear
discriminant function analysis. The dendrogram based on hierarchical clustering analysis of these spectral data separated
the five commercial cultivars into two major groups with originality. The first group consisted of Korean cultivars including
‘Maehyang’, ‘Seolhyang’, and ‘Gumhyang’, whereas in the second group, ‘Ryukbo’ clustered with ‘Janghee’, both Japanese cultivars.
The results from analysis of fruits were the same as of leaves. We therefore conclude that the hierarchical dendrogram based
on PCA of FT-IR data from leaves represents the most probable chemotaxonomical relationship between cultivars, enabling discrimination
of cultivars in a rapid and simple manner.
The authors Suk Weon Kim and Sung Ran Min contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
16.
The reproduction of a Wyoming population of Heterodera schachtii was determined for resistant trap crop radish (Raphanus sativus) and mustard (Sinapis alba) cultivars, and resistant and susceptible sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) cultivars in a greenhouse (21 °C/16 °C) and a growth chamber study (25 °C). Oil radish cultivars also were field tested in 2000 and 2001. In the greenhouse study, reproduction was suppressed similarly by the resistant sugar beet cultivar Nematop and all trap crop cultivars (P ≤ 0.05). In the growth chamber study, the radish cultivars were superior to most of the mustard cultivars in reducing nematode populations. All trap crops showed less reproduction than Nematop (P ≤ 0.05). In both studies, Nematop and all trap crops had lower Pf than susceptible sugar beet cultivars HH50 and HM9155 (P ≤ 0.05). In field studies, Rf values of radish cultivars decreased with increasing Pi of H. schachtii (r² = 0.59 in 2000 and r² = 0.26 in 2001). In 2000, trap crop radish cv. Colonel (Rf = 0.89) reduced nematode populations more than cv. Adagio (Rf = 4.67) and cv. Rimbo (Rf = 13.23) (P ≤ 0.05) when Pi was lower than 2.5 H. schachtii eggs and J2/cm³ soil. There were no differences in reproductive factors for radish cultivars in 2001 (P ≤ 0.05); Rf ranged from 0.23 for Adagio to 1.31 for Commodore for all Pi. 相似文献
17.
M. Saniewski A. Miszczak L. Kawa-Miszczak E. Wegrzynowicz-Lesiak K. Miyamoto J. Ueda 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》1998,17(1):33-37
Effects of methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) on anthocyanin accumulation, ethylene production, and CO2 evolution in uncooled and cooled tulips (Tulipa gesneriana L. cvs. Apeldoorn and Gudoshnik) were studied. JA-Me stimulated anthocyanin accumulation in stems and leaves from uncooled
and cooled bulbs of both cultivars. The highest level of anthocyanin accumulation was observed in leaves from cooled bulbs
treated with 200 μL/liter JA-Me. In sprouting bulbs treated with 100 μL/liter and higher concentrations of JA-Me, the ethylene
production began to increase at 3 days after treatment, being extremely greater in uncooled bulbs than in cooled ones. JA-Me
also stimulated CO2 evolution in both cultivars, depending on its concentrations. CO2 evolution in sprouting bulbs was not affected by cooling treatment. These results suggest that anthocyanin accumulation by
JA-Me in tulip leaves is not related to ethylene production stimulated by JA-Me.
Received October 10, 1997; accepted November 17, 1997 相似文献
18.
Novitskii Yu. I. Novitskaya G. V. Kocheshkova T. K. Dobrovol’skii M. V. 《Russian Journal of Plant Physiology》2011,58(2):375-381
The effects of radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula D.C., cv. Rozovo-krasnyi s belym konchikom) plant clockwise rotation (2 rpm) around the vertical axis during their growth
on growth parameters and also on the composition and content of polar lipids (PL) and neutral lipids (NL) in plant leaves
and fatty acids included in them were studied. Rotation in the plane of the Earth’s magnetic field horizontal component did
not affect the number of leaves but declined their total mass by 25%. However, a reduction of the root mass was observed only
at elevated temperature. Rotation reduced the ratio of PL to NL by 1.5–2.0 times as compared with control, decreasing the
content of such PL as glycoand phospholipids and increasing the content of NL, triacylglycerols and free sterols. Among glycolipids,
the content of monogalactosyldiacylglycerols and digalactosyldiacylglycerols was reduced in comparison with stationary control,
and among phospholipids the content of phosphatidylcholin was reduced by ∼50%. The ratio of phospholipids to sterols was reduced
more than by 30%, indirectly indicating the decreased fluidity of the lipid bilayer of membranes; the ratio PL/NL was reduced
as well, indicating an acceleration of age-dependent changes in the rotated plants. Rotation increased the content of linolenic
acid and reduced the contents of oleic and erucic acids, thus increasing the index of fatty acid desaturation. We concluded
that radish plant clockwise rotation around the vertical axis is an unfavorable factor inducing the appearance of the signs
of premature senescence. 相似文献
19.
Kolluru Viswanatha Chaitanya Girish Kumar Rasineni Attipalli Ramachandra Reddy 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(3):437-443
Five popularly grown mulberry cultivars (K-2, MR-2, TR-10, BC2-59 and S-13) were subjected to drought stress by withholding
irrigation, to obtain leaf water potentials (Ψw) ranging from −0.75, −1.50 and −2.25 MPa. Accumulation of proline, glycine betaine and abscisic acid (ABA) were quantified
in control and water stressed mulberry leaves. The activities of enzymes involved in proline accumulation including glutamate
dehydrogenase (EC1.4.1.2-4), pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (EC 1.2.1.41), pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (EC1.5.1.2),
ornithine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.13) were significantly enhanced in the leaves of all the cultivars with decreasing leaf water
potentials, while the activities of proline dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.2) were reduced with progressive increase in water stress.
Accumulation of proline, glycine betaine and abscisic acid was relatively higher in S-13 and BC2-59 compared to K-2, MR-2
and TR-10 under water deficit conditions. Our results demonstrate that S-13 and BC2-59 have superior osmoprotectant mechanisms
under water-limited growth regimes. 相似文献
20.
Giedrė Samuolienė Ramūnas Sirtautas Aušra Brazaitytė Jurga Sakalauskaitė Sandra Sakalauskienė Pavelas Duchovskis 《Central European Journal of Biology》2011,6(5):821-828
The objective was to evaluate the effect of different combinations of red (638 nm) and blue (455 nm) light produced by solid-state
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on physiological indices (net assimilation rate, hypocotyl-to-leaf ratio, leaf area, leaf dry
weight, hypocotyl length and diameter, plant length, developed leaves), variation of photosynthetic pigments and non-structural
carbohydrates in radish (Raphanus sativus L., var. ‘Faraon’). Lighting experiments were performed under controlled conditions (total PPFD - 200 μmol m−2 s−1; 16 h photoperiod; 14/18°C night/day temperature). The LED conditions: 638 nm; 638 + 5% 455 nm; 638 + 10% 455 nm; 638 + 10%
455 + 731 nm; 638 + 10% 455 + 731 + 669 nm. Our results showed that radishes grown under red (638 nm) alone were elongated,
and the formation of hypocotyl was weak. The net assimilation rate, hypocotyl-to-leaf ratio, and leaf dry weight also were
low due to the low accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and non-structural carbohydrates in leaves. The supplemented blue
(455 nm) light was necessary for the non-structural carbohydrates distribution between radish storage organs and leaves which
resulted in hypocotyl thickening. Red alone (638 nm) or in combination with far-red (731 nm), or red669 for radish generative
development was required. 相似文献