蝴蝶兰组织培养研究进展(综述)

本文从蝴蝶兰外植体的选择．不同基本培养基、激素及添加物对其增殖与分化的影响,外植体褐变的防治以及生根壮苗方法等,概述蝴蝶兰组培快繁方面的研究进展,为其组培技术研究提供参考。     

Platelet kinetics--1975.

Studies of platelet kinetics have provided useful information regarding the role of platelets in the pathogenesis of thrombosis and related disorders. Additionally, platelet survival studies have been useful in evaluating the efficacy of drugs that may be useful as platelet inhibitors. Many questions remain, however, and answers are needed before much of the kinetic data can be confidently applied to clinical problems in thrombosis.     

Chronobiology in 1975.

A spectrum of rhythms with several frequencies importantly characterizes not only the central nervous system but also the neuroendocrines and endocrines, other structures and organs, beyond the level of the cell to subcellular structures; it has a wide bearing since chronobiologic methods and facts relate to both basic research and its bearing on major problems of our day. Perhaps most important, computer analysis of data series allows study of temporal structure, progressive and rhythmic variations in life processes and in their responses to environment and drugs. By such methods coupled to modern data collection and/or self-measurement, chronobiology is particularly promising in the following areas, cited as illustrative rather than comprehensive examples: 1. Work hygiene: optimization of work schedules by adjustment of regular schedules and in particular of shift-work to the individuals' physical and mental rhythms. Experimentally, differences in manner of schedule change can account for the difference between the life span shortening and lengthening. 2. Population control: improved methods for detecting the neural as well as neurohormonal regulation of ovulatory cycles should aid efficient family planning by the recognition of a spectrum of rhythms and its synchronization with socio-ecologic factors acting, perhaps, via olfactory and/or other sensory modalities; 3. Nutrition: optimizing the utilization of ever scarcer food supplies and also the benefit from both oral and parenteral medications by meal timing; 4. Education: providing a do-it-yourself system for monitoring individual health in the context of secondary and adult education and as the basis for preventive health care; and, in another context, taking individual mental rhythms as well as morningness-eveningness into account in teaching and learning; 5. Health care: Any risk, e.g., from blood pressure rhythm alteration (perhaps preceding by years intermittent labile elevation) will be detected earlier and more efficiently by multiple measurements readily obtained by autorhythmometry. Results of such an endeavor provide at any one time indices that can be compared with an individualized rhythmometric reference standard as well as peer group rhythm parameters. The rhythm-determined average is more reliable than the single measurement. Other individualized characteristics of a rhythm, such as measures of extent of change or timing of change, may constitute an early warning signal and could be monitored by self-measured or preferably automatically-collected data. Timely and timed treatment can then be sought to prevent, in the case of blood pressure, elevation and consequent debilitating disease such as coronary infarction and stroke. 6. Therapy: One can strive toward the more specific correction of any pathogenic rhythm alteration when such can be recognized by modern methods of data collection and data analysis...     

人类囊胚期胚胎培养-移植的研究现状

传统的体外受精-胚胎移植选择卵裂期胚胎进行移植,然而,多胎率高、成功率低始终困惑着生殖医学者,囊胚移植更符合生理过程,胚胎与子宫内膜更为同步性,因而可获得更高的胚胎种植率及临床妊娠率,且减少胚胎的移植数量,降低了多胎妊娠发生率,具有广泛的应用前景。     

林木花药培养研究进展及展望

多数林木在遗传上高度杂合,给育种和遗传研究带来很多不便。与农作物相比,林木花药培养的意义更为重大。对国内外林木花药培养的现状及影响花药培养的主要因素进行了概述,讨论了其在21世纪分子生物技术时代的应用前景,旨在促进林木花药培养技术的完善并开拓其应用领域。     

World Picture, Anthropological Frame: DISTINGUISHED LECTURE—1976

This is the text of the seventh Distinguished Lecture of the American Anthropological Association, presented at its 75th Anniversary Meeting in Washington, D.C., November 1976. The Lectureship was established in 1969 to honor outstanding scholars in the profession and the lecture is now published each year in the American Anthropologist. Adams is an archaeologist and comparative anthropologist whose research interests have centered on the ecologically oriented study of prehistoric patterns of land use, settlement, and urbanization. His fieldwork has been in the Middle East, particularly in Iraq. He has served on the faculty of the University of Chicago since 1955, receiving his Ph.D. there in 1956. Besides appointments in the departments of Anthropology and Near Eastern Languages and Civilization, he has been Director of the Oriental Institute and Dean of the Division of Social Sciences at Chicago. He was Chairman of the Division of Behavioral Sciences of the National Research Council and is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Adams' major publications include City Invincible (coeditor, 1960), Land Behind Baghdad (1965), The Evolution of Urban Society (1966, the Lewis Henry Morgan Lectures), and The Uruk Countryside (1972, with Hans J. Nissen).     

Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress

Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress. Lawrence E. Harrison and Samuel P. Huntington. eds. New York: Basic, 2000. 348 pp.     

轮状病毒疫苗研究进展及其转基因植物疫苗的开发前景

轮状病毒是目前婴幼儿秋冬季腹泻的最主要病原物,作者通过轮状病毒减毒株疫苗,亚单位疫苗和DNA疫苗研究进展的综合分析,指出了减毒株疫苗在实际应用中存在的弊端,论述了开发新型轮状病毒疫苗,特别是转基因植物疫苗的必要性和可行性。     

蛋白水解物在动物细胞培养中的应用研究进展

蛋白水解物是蛋白质经水解得到的混合物,其主要成分为肽类。蛋白水解物可优化动物细胞培养基的组成,并且其中所含部分肽段可作为外部分子信号对细胞代谢、生物合成、生长、凋亡及产物表达等生命活动产生特殊的调控作用,因而被广泛应用于动物细胞培养领域,以生产单克隆抗体、疫苗、干扰素等生物制品。其作为无血清或低血清培养基的营养成分,可消除或降低血清带来的病毒微生物污染。随着蛋白水解物生产工艺的改进及优质产品的问世,其必将在细胞培养等生物技术领域发挥越来越重要的作用。