共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 120 毫秒
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Shuang Liu Feng-Qin Dong Chong-Qin Tang Ting-Yun Kuang Liang-Bi Li Yu-Long Liu 《植物学报(英文版)》2006,48(7):800-806
Strong light (800μmol photons/m^2 per s)-induced bleaching of the pigment in the isolated photosystem Ⅱ reaction center (PSII RC) under aerobic conditions (in the absence of electron donors or acceptors) was studied using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), absorption spectra, 77K fluorescence spectra and resonance Raman spectra. Changes in pigment composition of the PSII RC as determined by HPLC after light treatment were as follows: with Increasing illumination time chlorophyll (Chl) a and β-carotene (β-car) content decreased. However, decreases in pheophytin (Pheo) could not be observed because of the mixture of the Pheo formed by degraded chlorophyll possibly. On the basis of absorption spectra, it was determined that, with a short time of illuminatlon, the initial bleaching occurred maximally at 680 nm but that with Increasing Illumination time there was a blue shift to 678 nm. It was suggested that P680 was destroyed Initially, followed by the accessory chlorophyll. The activity of P680 was almost lost after 10 mln light treatment. Moreover, the bleaching of Pheo and β-car was observed at the beginning of illumination. After Illumination, the fluorescence emission Intensity changed and the fluorescence maximum blue shifted, showing that energy transfer was disturbed. Resonance Raman spectra of the PSII RC excited at 488.0 and 514.5 nm showed four main bands, peaking at 1 527 cm^-1 (υ101), 1 159 cm^-1 (υ2), 1 006 cm^-1 (υ3), 966 cm^-1 (υ4) for 488.0 nm excitation and 1 525 cm^-1 (υ1), 1 159 cm^-1 (υ2), 1 007 cm^-1 (υ3), 968 cm^-1 (υ4) for 514.5 nm excitation. It was confirmed that two spectroscopically different β-car molecules exist In the PSII RC. After light treatment for 20 mln, band positions and bandwidths were unchanged. This indicates that carotenoid configuration Is not the parameter that regulates photoprotectlon in the PSII RC. 相似文献
3.
The isolated and purified photosystem Ⅱ (PS Ⅱ ) reaction center D1/D2/Cyt b559 complex was taken as the experimental system. It was observed that under anaerobic conditions, cytochrome b559 (Cyt b559) could be reduced by exposure to strong illumination, suggesting Cyt b559 could accept electrons directly from reduced pheophytin (Pheo-). And the photoreduction of Cyt b559 was irreversible. When the isolated D1/D2/Cyt b559 complex reconstituted with exogenous secondary electron acceptor 2,6-dimethyl-benzoquinone (DMBQ), the photoreduction of Cyt b559 was delayed in the function of illumination time. Meanwhile, the electrons transferred mainly through DMBQ and photoreduced Cyt b559 could be partially reoxidized in the dark incubation following illumination. It was concluded that the quinone-independent electron transfer via Cyt b559 was a new, secondary electron pathway, which represented one of the protective pathes for PS Ⅱ reaction center to dissipate excess excitation energy. 相似文献
4.
Changes in Photosystem Ⅱ Activity and Leaf Reflectance Features of Several Subtropical Woody Plants Under Simulated SO2 Treatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nan Liu Chang-Lian Peng Zhi-Fang Lin Gui-Zhu Lin Ling-Ling Zhang Xiao-Ping Pan 《植物学报(英文版)》2006,48(11):1274-1286
The effects of simulated SO2 treatment on the photosynthetic apparatus were investigated in five subtropical forest plants, namely Plnus massonlana Lamb., Schlma superba Gardn. et Champ., Castanopsls flssa (Champ. ex Benth.) Rehd. et Wils., Acmena acuminatissima (BI.) Merr et Perry, and Cryptocarya concinna Hance. After leaf sections had been immersed in 0, 20, 50, and 100 mmol/L NaHSO3 for 20 h, total chlorophyll (Chl) content, Chl a/b, maximal photochemical efficiency, and the photochemical quantum yields of photosystem Ⅱ of all five woody plants were reduced to different degrees, whereas lutein content (Chl base) was increased. Two protective mechanisms, namely the xanthophyll cycle (de-epoxidation) and an anti-oxidant system (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging capacity), showed differences in the degree of modulation under simulated SO2 treatment. Compared with control (distilled water treatment), the revised normalized difference vegetation index, a leaf reflectance index, was lowered with Increasing concentrations of NaHSO3. Cryptocarya conclnna, a dominant species in the late succession stage of subtropical forests in South China, exhibited less sensitivity to NaHSO3. Conversely, Pinus massonlana, the pioneer hellophyte species, was most susceptible to NaHSO3 treatment. It Is suggested that SO2 pollution may accelerate the succession of subtropical forest. 相似文献
5.
Xin-Guo Li Jian-Yong Li Jin-Ping Zhao Ping-Li Xu Qi-Wei He. 《植物学报(英文版)》2007,49(7):1047-1053
Under 30-min high irradiance (1500μmol m^-2 s^-1), the roles of the xanthophyll cycle and D1 protein turnover were investigated through chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in morning glory (Ipomoea setosa) leaves, which were dipped into water, dithiothreitol (DTT) and lincomycin (LM), respectively. During the stress, both the xanthophyll cycle and D1 protein turnover could protect PSI from photoinhibition. In DTT leaves, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was inhibited greatly and the oxidation level of P700 (P700^+) was the lowest one. However, the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) in DTT leaves was higher than that of LM leaves and was lower than that of control leaves. These results suggested that PSI was more sensitive to the loss of the xanthophyll cycle than PSII under high irradiance. In LM leaves, NPQ was partly inhibited, Fv/Fm was the lowest one among three treatments under high irradiance and P700^+ was at a similar level as that of control leaves. These results implied that inactivation of PSII reaction centers could protect PSI from further photoinhibition. Additionally, the lowest of the number of active reaction centers to one inactive reaction center for a PSII cross-section (RC/CSo), maximal trapping rate in a PSll cross-section (TRo/CSo), electron transport in a PSll cross-section (ETo/CSo) and the highest of 1-qP in LM leaves further indicated that severe photoinhibition of PSII in LM leaves was mainly induced by inactivation of PSII reaction centers, which limited electrons transporting to PSh However, relative to the LM leaves the higher level of RC/CSo, TRo/CSo, Fv/Fm and the lower level of 1-qP in DTT leaves indicated that PSI photoinhibition was mainly induced by the electron accumulation at the PSI acceptor side, which induced the decrease of P700^+ under high irradiance. 相似文献
6.
After saturating light illumination for 3 h the potential photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) (Fv/Fm, the ratio of variable to maximal fluorescence) decreased markedly and recovered basically to the level before saturating light illumination after dark recovery for 3 h in both soybean and wheat leaves, indicating that the decline in Fv/Fm is a reversible down-regulation. Also, the saturating light illumination led to significant decreases in the low temperature (77 K) chlorophyll fluorescence parameters F685 (chlorophyll a fluorescence peaked at 685 nm ) and F685/F735 (F735, chlorophyll a fluorescence peaked at 735 nm) in soybean leaves but not in wheat leaves. Moreover,trypsin (a protease) treatment resulted in a remarkable decrease in the amounts of PsbS protein (a nuclear gene psbS-encoded 22 kDa protein) in the thylakoids from saturating light-illuminated (SI), but not in those from darkadapted (DT) and dark-recovered (DRT) soybean leaves. However, the treatment did not cause such a decrease in amounts of the PsbS protein in the thylakoids from saturating light-illuminated wheat leaves. These results support the conclusion that saturating light illumination induces a reversible dissociation of some light-harvesting complex Ⅱ (LHCⅡ) from PSⅡ reaction center complex in soybean leaf but not in wheat leaf. 相似文献
7.
Chen Yao-dong Guan Yi-chun Hou Jian-min Tang Chong-qin Wang Shui-cai Hou Xun Kuang Ting-yun 《植物学报(英文版)》1997,39(4)
The primary reaction kinetics of the photosystem Ⅱ particles isolated from spinach (Spinacia oleracea Mill. ) have been studied using the subpicosecond transient absorption technique. Three lifetime components, (0.76±0.50) ps, (8.70±2.00) ps and (138.00±20.00) ps, were obtained by the multi-exponential curval fitting. When the samples were exposed to strong light for one hour, only one component, 133 ps, was found. It was proposed that the 760 fs component was most probably attributed to the energy transfer from light-harvesting system to the reaction center. 相似文献
8.
Jing-Jing Ma Liang-Bi Li Yu-Xiang Jing Ting-Yun Kuang 《植物学报(英文版)》2007,49(7):1054-1061
It has been known that arginine is used as the basic amino acid in the α-subunit of cytochrome bsss (Cyt bsss) except histidine. However, previous studies have focused on the function of histidine in the activities of photosystem (PS) Ⅱ and there are no reports regarding the structural and/or functional roles of arginine in PSll complexes. In the present study, two arginine18 (R18) mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were constructed using site-directed mutagenesis, in which R18 was replaced by glutamic acid (E) and glycine (G). The results show that the oxygen evolution of the PSII complex in the R18G and R18E mutants was approximately 60% of wild-type (WT) levels and that, after irradiation at high light intensity, oxygen evolution for the PSll of mutants was reduced to zero compared with 40% in WT cells. The efficiency of light capture by PSll (Fv/Fm) of R18G and R18E mutants was approximately 42%-46% that of WT cells. Furthermore, levels of the α-subunit of Cyt bsss and PsbO proteins were reduced in thylakoid membranes compared with WT. Overall, these data suggest that R18 plays a significant role in helping Cyt bss9 maintain the structure of the PSll complex and its activity, although it is not directly bound to the heme group. 相似文献
9.
Effects of Exogenous Nitric Oxide on Photochemical Activity of Photosystem Ⅱ in Potato Leaf Tissue Under Non-stress Condition 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
《Acta Botanica Sinica》2004,46(9):1009-1014
10.
Photodamage of some pigments in the isolated photosystem Ⅱ (PS Ⅱ ) reaction center D1/D2/Cyt b559 complex from spinach has been investigated by means of high performance liquid chromatography. The light-induced damage of pheophytin a (pheo a) in the complex was observed for the first time. The content of pheo a decreased about 47 % by illumination, suggesting only one of the two pheo a molecules in the PS Ⅱ reaction center complex was damaged. No damage of β-carotene was found. 相似文献
11.
Spin-trapping electron spin resonance (ESR) was used to monitor the formation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in D1/D2/cytochrome b-559 Photosystem II reaction center (PS II RC) Complex. When the PS II RC complex was strongly illuminated, superoxide was detected in the presence of ubiquinone. SOD activity was detected in the PS II RC complex. A primary product of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, resulted in the production of the most destructive reactive oxygen species, *OH, in illuminated PS II RC complex. The contributions of ubiquinone, SOD and H(2)O(2) to the photobleaching of pigments and protein photodamage in the PS II RC complex were further studied. Ubiquinone protected the PS II RC complex from photodamage and, interestingly, extrinsic SOD promoted this damage. All these results suggest that PS II RC is an active site for the generation of superoxide and its derivatives, and this process protects organisms during strong illumination, probably by inhibiting more harmful ROS, such as singlet oxygen. 相似文献
12.
The properties of Photosystem II electron donation were investigated by EPR spectrometry at cryogenic temperatures. Using preparations from mutants which lacked Photosystem I, the main electron donor through the Photosystem II reaction centre to the quinone-iron acceptor was shown to be the component termed Signal II. A radical of 10 G line width observed as an electron donor at cryogenic temperatures under some conditions probably arises through modification of the normal pathway of electron donation. High-potential cytochrome b-559 was not observed on the main pathway of electron donation. Two types of PS II centres with identical EPR components but different electron-transport kinetics were identified, together with anomalies between preparations in the amount of Signal II compared to the quinone-iron acceptor. Results of experiments using cells from mutants of Scenedesmus obliquus confirm the involvement of the Signal II component, manganese and high-potential cytochrome b-559 in the physiological process leading to oxygen evolution. 相似文献
13.
Tanai Cardona Patricia Snchez‐Baracaldo A. William Rutherford Anthony W. Larkum 《Geobiology》2019,17(2):127-150
Photosystem II is a photochemical reaction center that catalyzes the light‐driven oxidation of water to molecular oxygen. Water oxidation is the distinctive photochemical reaction that permitted the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis and the eventual rise of eukaryotes. At what point during the history of life an ancestral photosystem evolved the capacity to oxidize water still remains unknown. Here, we study the evolution of the core reaction center proteins of Photosystem II using sequence and structural comparisons in combination with Bayesian relaxed molecular clocks. Our results indicate that a homodimeric photosystem with sufficient oxidizing power to split water had already appeared in the early Archean about a billion years before the most recent common ancestor of all described Cyanobacteria capable of oxygenic photosynthesis, and well before the diversification of some of the known groups of anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria. Based on a structural and functional rationale, we hypothesize that this early Archean photosystem was capable of water oxidation to oxygen and had already evolved protection mechanisms against the formation of reactive oxygen species. This would place primordial forms of oxygenic photosynthesis at a very early stage in the evolutionary history of life. 相似文献
14.
Photosystem I is an integral component of the thylakoid membrane which catalyzes the photoreduction of ferredoxin using plastocyanin or cytochrome c as electron donor. In higher plants, the photosystem I complex is composed of eight protein subunits, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phylloquinone and bound iron sulfur clusters. The molecular biology and biochemistry of the complex are discussed in relation to the structure and function of the individual components. The mechanisms involved in the assembly of the components into a functional complex are also discussed. 相似文献
15.
After a complete removal of Mn from pea subchloroplast photosystem-II (PS II) preparations the electron phototransfer and oxygen evolution are restored upon addition of Mn2+ and Ca2+. Pre-illumination of the sample in the absence of Mn2+ leads to photoinhibition (PI) — irreversible loss of the capability of PS II to be reactivated by Mn2+. The effect of PI is considerably decreased in the presence of Mn2+ (4 Mn atoms per reaction center of PS II) and it is increased in the presence of ferricyanide or p-benzoquinone revealing the oxidative nature of the photoeffect. PI results in suppression of oxygen evolution, variable fluorescence, photoreduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol from either water or diphenylcarbazide. However, photooxidation of chlorophyll P680, the primary electron donor of PS II as well as dark and photoinduced EPR signal II (ascribed to secondary electron donors D
1 and Z) are preserved. PI is accompanied by photooxidation of 2–3 carotenoid molecules per PS II reaction center (RC) that is accelerated in the presence of ferricyanide and is inhibited upon addition of Mn2+ or diuron. The conclusion is made that PI in the absence of Mn leads to irreversible oxidative inactivation of electron transfer from water to RC of PS II which remains photochemically active. A loss of functional interaction of RC with the electron transport chain as a common feature for different types of PS II photoinhibition is discussed.Abbreviations A
photoinduced absorbance changes
- DPC
diphenylcarbazide
- DPIP
2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
F
o
constant fluorescence of chlorophyll
- F
photoinduced changes of Chl fluorescence yield
- Mn
manganese
- P680
the primary electron donor in PS II
- PI
photoinhibition
- PS II
photosystem II
-
Q
the primary (quinone) electron acceptor in PS II
- RC
reaction center 相似文献
16.
N. Murata S. Araki Y. Fujita K. Suzuki T. Kuwabara P. Mathis 《Photosynthesis research》1986,9(1-2):63-70
Pheophytin and chlorophyll extracted from oxygen-evolving photosystem II particles, chloroplast thylakoids and cyanobacterial cells were separated by column chromatography with DEAE-Toyopearl, and quantitatively determined by spectrophotometry. The molecular ratio of chlorophyll a+b to pheophytin a was about 100 in spinach photosystem II particles and about 140 in spinach thylakoids. Using flash spectrophotometry of P680 and measurement of flash-induced oxygen yield, the molecular ratio of the chlorophyll to the photochemical reaction center II was determined to be about 200 in the photosystem II particles. These findings suggest that the stoichiometry in photosystem II particles is one reaction center II and two pheophytin a molecules per about 200 chlorophyll molecules. The same stoichiometry for pheophytin to the reaction center II was obtained in the cyanobacteria, Anacystis nidulans and Synechocystis PCC 6714. A quantitative determination of pheophytin a and the electron donor P700 in stroma thylakoids from pokeweed suggests that photosystem I does not contain pheophytin.Dedicated to Prof. L.N.M. Duysens on the occasion of his retirement. 相似文献
17.
Primary charge separation in Photosystem II 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
In this Minireview, we discuss a number of issues on the primary photosynthetic reactions of the green plant Photosystem II.
We discuss the origin of the 683 and 679 nm absorption bands of the PS II RC complex and suggest that these forms may reflect
the single-site spectrum with dominant contributions from the zero-phonon line and a pronounced ∼80 cm−1 phonon side band, respectively. The couplings between the six central RC chlorins are probably very similar and, therefore,
a `multimer' model arises in which there is no `special pair' and in which for each realization of the disorder the excitation
may be dynamically localized on basically any combination of neighbouring chlorins. The key features of our model for the
primary reactions in PS II include ultrafast (<500 fs) energy transfer processes within the multimer, `slow' (∼20 ps) energy
transfer processes from peripheral RC chlorophylls to the RC multimer, ultrafast charge separation (<500 fs) with a low yield
starting from the singlet-excited `accessory' chlorophyll of the active branch, cation transfer from this `accessory' chlorophyll
to a `special pair' chlorophyll and/or charge separation starting from this `special pair' chlorophyll (∼8 ps), and slow relaxation
(∼50 ps) of the radical pair by conformational changes of the protein. The charge separation in the PS II RC can probably
not be described as a simple trap-limited or diffusion-limited process, while for the PS II core and larger complexes the
transfer of the excitation energy to the PS II RC may be rate limiting.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
18.
Rapid and simple isolation of pure photosystem II core and reaction center particles from spinach 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Peter J. van Leeuwen Maaike C. Nieveen Erik Jan van de Meent Jan P. Dekker Hans J. van Gorkom 《Photosynthesis research》1991,28(3):149-153
Pure and active oxygen-evolving PS II core particles containing 35 Chl per reaction center were isolated with 75% yield from spinach PS II membrane fragments by incubation with n-dodecyl--D-maltoside and a rapid one step anion-exchange separation. By Triton X-100 treatment on the column these particles could be converted with 55% yield to pure and active PS II reaction center particles, which contained 6 Chl per reaction center.Abbreviations Bis-Tris
bis[2-hydroxyethyl]imino-tris[hydroxymethyl]methane
- Chl
chlorophyll
- CP29
Chl a/b protein of 29 kDa
- Cyt b
559
cytochrome b
559
- DCBQ
2,5-dichloro-p-benzo-quinone
- LHC II
light-harvesting complex II, predominant Chl a/b protein
- MES
2-[N-Morpholino]ethanesulfonic acid
- Pheo
pheophytin
- PS H
photosystem II
- QA
bound plastoquinone, serving as the secondary electron acceptor in PS II (after Pheo)
- SDS
sodiumdodecylsulfate 相似文献