唐古特大黄药材干燥方法研究

综合唐古特大黄外观色泽、干燥耗时、折干率、有效药用成分(蒽醌、番泻苷、鞣质)含量等因素,探索唐古特大黄药材的最佳干燥方法。结果表明:唐古特大黄干燥过程中,随着水分的散失,生理活性、物理形态、有效成分的含量也随之发生显著的变化,干燥方法对唐古特大黄的品质影响较大。综合唐古特大黄的外观色泽、耗时、耗能、折干率、蒽醌、番泻苷、鞣质含量、设备要求和适宜大规模推广等方面因素,唐古特大黄干燥建议采用阴干、晾晒或45~55℃烘干。     

拔毒消炎软膏质量控制研究

目的研究拔毒消炎软膏的质量控制方法。方法用薄层色谱法(HPLC)对制剂中大黄、黄柏进行定性鉴别,高效液相色谱法测定大黄酚的含量。结果定性鉴别薄层色谱斑点特征明显;高效液相色谱法测定含量,大黄酚在0.061~0.304μg/ml范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9954),平均加样回收率为98.68%,RSD=1.39%。结论采用薄层色谱法定性、高效液相色谱法定量,简便准确、重现性良好,可有效控制该制剂质量。     

高效液相色谱法测定黄芪注射液中黄芪甲甙的含量

本文报道用高效液相色谱法测定黄芪注射液中黄芪甲甙的含量。色谱柱为:NOVA-PAK C_(18)4μm(4.6mm×250mm);流动相:乙腈-0.1％磷酸(33:67),205nm检测,外标定量。结果表明,建立的方法完全适用于黄芪注射液中黄芪甲甙的含量测定。其方法快速、灵敏、重现性好。     

收获期芍药根中芍药甙含量动态变化

采用HPLC法分析了江苏省东海县中药种植场内芍药(PaeonialactifloraPall)在9-11月间根中芍药甙含量的动态变化及其他各主产地芍药根中芍药甙含量。结果表明:芍药甙的含量在9-11月间的变化趋势是低→高→低最后趋于平稳,在10月初含量最高;一天中以中午采集时芍药甙含量最高;芍药甙含量与根直径成反比(Y=-1.50X 5.787),即根直径越小,芍药甙含量越高。     

HPLC法分析不同年限及不同部位掌叶大黄9种成分的积累特征

为研究不同年限及部位掌叶大黄9种成分含量及其变化特征。利用HPLC法进行分析,色谱柱为武本C18 (5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm),流动相为甲醇-磷酸水(0.2%),检测波长260 nm,柱温30℃,体积流量1.0 mL/min,进样量10μL。线性范围良好(R^2>0.995),精密度、稳定性、重复性RSD均小于2%,加样回收率97.30%~108.20%。含量分析表明:同一部位,随着年限增加,除根中没食子酸、根茎中大黄素、叶片中大黄酚的含量无变化外,其他8成分的含量均随年限增加而增加或者第4年增加、第5年无显著变化。同一年限,大黄酚-8-O-葡萄糖苷、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的含量次序为根>根茎>叶片;3年生芦荟大黄素,4年生没食子酸、番泻苷B叶片中含量与根中大致相等且高于根茎;5年生大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷的含量次序为叶片>根茎>根,根与根茎中没食子酸、大黄酚的含量相当且高于叶片。本实验成功建立简便快捷、重现性好的HPLC分析方法,明确了不同年限及部位掌叶大黄9种成分积累特征,为大黄质量评价和药材高效生产提供理论依据。     

滇重楼地上部分的甾体皂甙

从滇重楼Paris polyphylla Sm. var. yunnanensis (Fr.) H-M.地上部分分离得到3个甾体皂甙,经光谱测定和化学降解证明其化学结构分别为:偏诺皂甙元3O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)〔α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→4))-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙(A);孕甾-5,16-二烯-3β-醇-20-酮,3β-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)〔α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→4)〕-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙(B);孕甾-5,16-二烯-3β-醇-20-酮,3β-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)〔α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→4)-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→4)〕-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙(C)。甙A、B和C在滇重楼根中尚未发现,甙C系首次从重楼属植物中获得,而甙A具有止血的活性。     

不同切制条件对大黄饮片中蒽醌化合物含量的影响

目的:采用高效液相色谱法比较不同的大黄切制条件对蒽醌类化合物含量的影响.方法:以大黄素和大黄酚为对照品,采用Merck C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),甲醇-水-磷酸(体积比78.7:20.9:0.4)为流动相,检测波长254 nm,外标法测定了不同切制条件下得到的18份饮片样品中游离和结合型大黄素和大黄酚的含量.结果:从18份样品测定的平均值来看,游离型大黄素和大黄酚的含量为8.69 mg/g,结合型的为4.45 mg/g.从切制条件来看,薄片、中片、厚片总蒽醌(即游离型和结合型大黄素和大黄酚之和)含量平均分别为13.47、13.33和12.6mg/g;60℃干燥10.5 h、80℃干燥6.5 h和100℃干燥4 h,其总蒽醌含量平均分别为13.73、12.86和12.8 mg/g.结论:大黄类饮片切制的适宜条件为薄片或中片,60℃干燥10.5 h.     

对“番泻甙”有代谢能力的几种肠内有益菌的分离和比较

本实验共分离到３属４种４２株肠内有益菌。上述菌株接种于１．０％“番泻甙”（Ｓｅｎｎｏｓｉｄｅｓ）Ｇａｍ ｂｒｏｔｈ中的培养结果表明,“番泻甙”对这些菌朱的增殖没有影响;并应用ＨＰＬＣ（高效液相色谱仪,直线梯度法）检测出４株具有“番泻甙”代谢能力的细菌,其中Ｂｉｆｉｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ ｂｒｅｖｅ２株、ＢＢｉｆｉｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ ｌｏｇｎｕｍ１株、Ｅｎｔｅｒｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｆｅａｃａｌｉｓａ     

桂北地区不同品种、不同产地鲜罗汉果中总甙、甙V含量测定

分别采用紫外分光光度比色法(UV-vis)和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定了不同产地,不同品种罗汉果中的总甙和甙V的含量。测定结果表明:同一品种不同产地罗汉果中总甙含量、甙V成分变化不大,不同品种的总甙、甜味成分V均有明显差别。     

肾衰康浓缩丸质量标准研究

目的:建立肾衰康浓缩丸质量控制方法.方法:采用TLC鉴别肾衰康浓缩丸中大黄、丹参;采用HPLC-ELSD对制剂中黄芪甲苷进行含量测定,流动相为乙腈-水(30:70),流速:1 mL/min,柱温:28℃,漂移管温度:42℃,氮气:355kpa.结果:大黄、丹参的TLC鉴别斑点清晰、专属性强;黄芪甲苷在1.0μg-10.0μg之间呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9997,n=5),平均回收率为99.81%,RSD为1.73%(n=6).结论:所建立的方法简便准确、专属性强、重现性好,可作为控制肾衰康浓缩丸质量的方法.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.