共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Go HS Seo JE Kim KC Han SM Kim P Kang YS Han SH Shin CY Ko KH 《Journal of biomedical science》2011,18(1):48
Background
At the beginning of neurogenesis, massive brain cell death occurs and more than 50% of cells are eliminated by apoptosis along with neuronal differentiation. However, few studies were conducted so far regarding the regulation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) death during development. Because of the physiological role of cell death during development, aberration of normal apoptotic cell death is detrimental to normal organogenesis. 相似文献2.
Stefanie Ortinau Jürgen Schmich Stephan Block Andrea Liedmann Ludwig Jonas Dieter G Weiss Christiane A Helm Arndt Rolfs Moritz J Frech 《Biomedical engineering online》2010,9(1):70
Background
3D-scaffolds have been shown to direct cell growth and differentiation in many different cell types, with the formation and functionalisation of the 3D-microenvironment being important in determining the fate of the embedded cells. Here we used a hydrogel-based scaffold to investigate the influences of matrix concentration and functionalisation with laminin on the formation of the scaffolds, and the effect of these scaffolds on human neural progenitor cells cultured within them. 相似文献3.
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Muhammad Dain Yazid Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin Sahidan Senafi Mohamad Abdul Razak Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab 《Cancer cell international》2010,10(1):42
Background
The main morphological features of primitive cells, such as stem and progenitor cells, are that these cells consists only one nucleus. The main purpose of this study was to determine the differentiation capacities of stem and progenitor cells. This study was performed using mononucleated cells originated from murine peripheral blood and MC3T3-E1 cells. Three approaches were used to determine their differentiation capacities: 1) Biochemical assays, 2) Gene expression analysis, and 3) Morphological observations. 相似文献5.
Background
In vertebrates, the myelin sheath is essential for efficient propagation of action potentials along the axon shaft. Oligodendrocytes are the cells of the central nervous system that create myelin sheaths. During embryogenesis, ventral neural tube precursors give rise to oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which divide and migrate throughout the central nervous system. This study aimed to investigate mechanisms that regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell formation.Methodology/Principal Findings
By conducting a mutagenesis screen in transgenic zebrafish, we identified a mutation, designated vu166, by an apparent reduction in the number of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in the dorsal spinal cord. We subsequently determined that vu166 is an allele of pescadillo, a gene known to play a role in ribosome biogenesis and cell proliferation. We found that pescadillo function is required for both the proper number of oligodendrocyte progenitors to form, by regulating cell cycle progression, and for normal levels of myelin gene expression.Conclusions/Significance
Our data provide evidence that neural precursors require pes function to progress through the cell cycle and produce oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and for oligodendrocyte differentiation. 相似文献6.
Background
Self-renewal of the epithelium of the small intestine is a highly regulated process involving cell proliferation and differentiation of stem cells or progenitor cells located at the bottom of the crypt, ending ultimately with extrusion of the terminally differentiated cells at the tip of villus. 相似文献7.
Wnt3a Promotes Hippocampal Neurogenesis by Shortening Cell Cycle Duration of Neural Progenitor Cells
Yutaka Yoshinaga Tetsushi Kagawa Takeshi Shimizu Toshihiro Inoue Shinji Takada Jun-ichi Kuratsu Tetsuya Taga 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2010,30(7):1049-1058
The effects of Wnt signaling on neural progenitor cells have been controversial. Activation of the canonical Wnt signaling
pathway either promotes neural progenitor cell proliferation or accelerates their differentiation into postmitotic neurons.
This study demonstrates that activation of the Wnt signaling pathway by itself induces neural progenitor cell proliferation
but does not directly affect neuronal differentiation processes. To investigate whether Wnt signaling promotes expansion and/or
differentiation of neural progenitor cells in the developing hippocampus, we prepared primary mouse hippocampal progenitors
and treated them with Wnt3a in a chemically defined culture medium. Wnt3a increased the total number of cells, including the
numbers of Ki67+ proliferating cells and Tuj1+ differentiated neurons. This result verified that Wnt3a promoted neural progenitor cell proliferation. Meanwhile, Wnt3a did
not appear to actively enhance the neuronal differentiation process itself, because (1) the ratio of Tuj1+ cells to the total cells, and (2) the ratio of BrdU+ Tuj1+ cells to the total BrdU+ cells, were both comparable between cultures with or without Wnt3a. Indeed, Wnt3a caused no significant change in either
cell survival or the proportion of symmetric and asymmetric cell divisions that directly affected neuron production. We finally
demonstrated that the Wnt3a treatment simply shortened cell cycle duration of neural progenitor cells by 2.9 h. The accelerated
cell cycle progression without affecting the ratio of symmetric/asymmetric cell divisions explains how Wnt signaling per se
leads to the expansion of both proliferative cell population and differentiated neuronal cell population. 相似文献
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Wójcik-Stanaszek L Sypecka J Szymczak P Ziemka-Nalecz M Khrestchatisky M Rivera S Zalewska T 《PloS one》2011,6(7):e22465
Background
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have recently been considered to be involved in the neurogenic response of adult neural stem/progenitor cells. However, there is a lack of information showing direct association between the activation of MMPs and the development of neuronal progenitor cells involving proliferation and/or further differentiation in vulnerable (Cornus Ammoni-CA1) and resistant (dentate gyrus-DG) to ischemic injury areas of the brain hippocampus.Principal Findings
We showed that dynamics of MMPs activation in the dentate gyrus correlated closely with the rate of proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells into mature neurons. In contrast, in the damaged CA1 pyramidal cells layer, despite the fact that some proliferating cells exhibited antigen specific characteristic of newborn neuronal cells, these did not attain maturity. This coincides with the low, near control-level, activity of MMPs. The above results are supported by our in vitro study showing that MMP inhibitors interfered with both the proliferation and differentiation of the human neural stem cell line derived from umbilical cord blood (HUCB-NSCs) toward the neuronal lineage.Conclusion
Taken together, the spatial and temporal profiles of MMPs activity suggest that these proteinases could be an important component in neurogenesis-associated processes in post-ischemic brain hippocampus. 相似文献10.
Cell-extracellular matrix interactions regulate neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells
Wu Ma Tara Tavakoli Eric Derby Yevgeniya Serebryakova Mahendra S Rao Mark P Mattson 《BMC developmental biology》2008,8(1):90
Background
Interactions of cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are critical for the establishment and maintenance of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. However, the ECM is a complex mixture of matrix molecules; little is known about the role of ECM components in human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation into neural progenitors and neurons. 相似文献11.
Erceg S Laínez S Ronaghi M Stojkovic P Pérez-Aragó MA Moreno-Manzano V Moreno-Palanques R Planells-Cases R Stojkovic M 《PloS one》2008,3(5):e2122
Background
Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) provide a unique model to study early events in human development. The hESC-derived cells can potentially be used to replace or restore different tissues including neuronal that have been damaged by disease or injury.Methodology and Principal Findings
The cells of two different hESC lines were converted to neural rosettes using adherent and chemically defined conditions. The progenitor cells were exposed to retinoic acid (RA) or to human recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the late phase of the rosette formation. Exposing the progenitor cells to RA suppressed differentiation to rostral forebrain dopamine neural lineage and promoted that of spinal neural tissue including motor neurons. The functional characteristics of these differentiated neuronal precursors under both, rostral (bFGF) and caudalizing (RA) signals were confirmed by patch clamp analysis.Conclusions/Significance
These findings suggest that our differentiation protocol has the capacity to generate region-specific and electrophysiologically active neurons under in vitro conditions without embryoid body formation, co-culture with stromal cells and without presence of cells of mesodermal or endodermal lineages. 相似文献12.
Shawn P Grogan Shigeru Miyaki Hiroshi Asahara Darryl D D'Lima Martin K Lotz 《Arthritis research & therapy》2009,11(3):R85
Introduction
Recent findings suggest that articular cartilage contains mesenchymal progenitor cells. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of stem cell markers (Notch-1, Stro-1 and VCAM-1) and of molecules that modulate progenitor differentiation (Notch-1 and Sox9) in normal adult human articular cartilage and in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage. 相似文献13.
Lloyd J White Wim Declercq Frank Arfuso Adrian K Charles Arun M Dharmarajan 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2009,7(1):98
Background
Within the human placenta, the cytotrophoblast consists of a proliferative pool of progenitor cells which differentiate to replenish the overlying continuous, multi-nucleated syncytiotrophoblast, which forms the barrier between the maternal and fetal tissues. Disruption to trophoblast differentiation and function may result in impaired fetal development and preeclampsia. Caspase-14 expression is limited to barrier forming tissues. It promotes keratinocyte differentiation by cleaving profilaggrin to stabilise keratin intermediate filaments, and indirectly providing hydration and UV protection. However its role in the trophoblast remains unexplored. 相似文献14.
Objective
Individuals with the neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) cancer predisposition syndrome develop spinal cord glial tumors (ependymomas) that likely originate from neural progenitor cells. Whereas many spinal ependymomas exhibit indolent behavior, the only treatment option for clinically symptomatic tumors is surgery. In this regard, medical therapies are unfortunately lacking due to an incomplete understanding of the critical growth control pathways that govern the function of spinal cord (SC) neural progenitor cells (NPCs).Methods
To identify potential therapeutic targets for these tumors, we leveraged primary mouse Nf2-deficient spinal cord neural progenitor cells.Results
We demonstrate that the Nf2 protein, merlin, negatively regulates spinal neural progenitor cell survival and glial differentiation in an ErbB2-dependent manner, and that NF2-associated spinal ependymomas exhibit increased ErbB2 activation. Moreover, we show that Nf2-deficient SC NPC ErbB2 activation results from Rac1-mediated ErbB2 retention at the plasma membrane.Significance
Collectively, these findings establish ErbB2 as a potential rational therapeutic target for NF2-associated spinal ependymoma. 相似文献15.
Background
The growth of new blood vessels in adult life requires the initiation of endothelial cell migration and proliferation from pre-existing vessels in addition to the recruitment and differentiation of circulating endothelial progenitor cells. Signals emanating from growth factors and the extracellular matrix are important in regulating these processes. 相似文献16.
Background
In Xenopus the bone morphogenetic protein growth and differentiation factor 6 (GDF6) is expressed at the edge of the neural plate, and within the anterior neural plate including the eye fields. Here we address the role of GDF6 in neural and eye development by morpholino knockdown experiments. 相似文献17.
Annett Markus-Koch Oliver Schmitt Susanne Seemann Jan Lukas Dirk Koczan Mathias Ernst Georg Fuellen Andreas Wree Arndt Rolfs Jiankai Luo 《Cellular & molecular biology letters》2017,22(1):16
Background
ADAM23 is widely expressed in the embryonic central nervous system and plays an important role in tissue formation.Results
In this study, we showed that ADAM23 contributes to cell survival and is involved in neuronal differentiation during the differentiation of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs). Upregulation of ADAM23 in hNPCs was found to increase the number of neurons and the length of neurite, while its downregulation decreases them and triggers cell apoptosis. RNA microarray analysis revealed mechanistic insights into genes and pathways that may become involved in multiple cellular processes upon up- or downregulation of ADAM23.Conclusions
Our results suggest that ADAM23 regulates neuronal differentiation by triggering specific signaling pathways during hNPC differentiation.18.
Arvidsson L Fagerlund M Jaff N Ossoinak A Jansson K Hägerstrand A Johansson CB Brundin L Svensson M 《PloS one》2011,6(11):e27393
Background
Filum terminale (FT) is a structure that is intimately associated with conus medullaris, the most caudal part of the spinal cord. It is well documented that certain regions of the adult human central nervous system contains undifferentiated, progenitor cells or multipotent precursors. The primary objective of this study was to describe the distribution and progenitor features of this cell population in humans, and to confirm their ability to differentiate within the neuroectodermal lineage.Methodology/Principal Findings
We demonstrate that neural stem/progenitor cells are present in FT obtained from patients treated for tethered cord. When human or rat FT-derived cells were cultured in defined medium, they proliferated and formed neurospheres in 13 out of 21 individuals. Cells expressing Sox2 and Musashi-1 were found to outline the central canal, and also to be distributed in islets throughout the whole FT. Following plating, the cells developed antigen profiles characteristic of astrocytes (GFAP) and neurons (β-III-tubulin). Addition of PDGF-BB directed the cells towards a neuronal fate. Moreover, the cells obtained from young donors shows higher capacity for proliferation and are easier to expand than cells derived from older donors.Conclusion/Significance
The identification of bona fide neural progenitor cells in FT suggests a possible role for progenitor cells in this extension of conus medullaris and may provide an additional source of such cells for possible therapeutic purposes.Filum terminale, human, progenitor cells, neuron, astrocytes, spinal cord. 相似文献19.
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