贵州独山与奥地利格拉茨中泥盆世Argutastrea珊瑚群之对比

锐星珊瑚(Argutastrea)是泥盆纪地层中常见的一种块状群体珊瑚,它在生物地层对比、生物地理区系划分以及古生态与古地理重建等方面都具有重要的意义。通过近年来对华南独山和奥地利格拉茨两地采集的Argutastrea群体珊瑚标本进行比较深入的对比研究,确认两地存在着一些十分相似的属种,推断彼此之间当时可能海域相通,并同属于一个老世界生物地理大区(Old World Real m)。此外,还讨论了该属与其相关的六方珊瑚(Hexagonaria)、多角珊瑚(Prismatophyllum)等属之间的异同。     

澳大利亚泥盆纪皱纹珊瑚生物地层及生物地理研究展望

通过对澳大利亚泥盆纪皱纹珊瑚属级分布的分析,认为泥盆纪珊瑚在该区经历了两大繁盛期,尤以Ｌｏｃｈｋｏｖｉａｎ－Ｅｍｓｉａｎ最盛,有大量新属产生,内板珊瑚和菲力甫珊瑚科分子要Ｐｒａｇｉａｎ期开始出现,绳珊瑚科的分子也在Ｅｍｓｉａｎ大量出现,这些分子继而通过洋流逐渐扩散到华南及老世界域其他省区。     

泥盆纪最早期和最晚期珊瑚群研究的进展

由于志留－泥盆纪之间没有发生明显的生物更替现象,所以泥盆纪最早期的珊瑚仍保留着浓厚的志留纪珊瑚的色彩。真正的泥盆纪类型的珊瑚是从早泥盆世中期才开始兴起的,至晚泥盆世早期末惨遭绝灭。晚泥盆世晚期的珊瑚却与石炭纪珊瑚有着较为密切的关系。晚泥盆世的珊瑚经历了绝灭－残存－复苏３个发展阶段。泥盆－石炭纪之交,泥盆纪最晚期的珊瑚再遭绝灭,至石炭纪初代之于Ｔｏｕｒｎａｉｓｉａｎ型的珊胡。正当华南锡矿山的珊瑚群罹     

华南泥盆系法门阶浅海相四射珊瑚的组合序列

晚泥盆世弗拉期末F-F的生物灭绝事件,导致珊瑚以及许多浅海底栖生物灭绝,几乎整个法门期珊瑚群都处于残存阶段,华南地区目前只在湖南的个别地方发现少量的Smithiphyllum。直到法门期末珊瑚和其它一些造礁底栖生物开始复苏,出现了不少与典型泥盆纪珊瑚存在很大差别的新分子。华南泥盆纪最晚期(Strunian)的珊瑚可划分成上、下两个组合:上部Cystophrentis组合;下部Eocaninophyllum组合。泥盆—石炭纪之交的另一次生物灭绝事件,使新生的泥盆纪最晚期的珊瑚又遭灭绝。     

贵州独山泥盆纪生物地层以及珊瑚的四次灭绝事件的研究

贵州省独山县县城附近的泥盆纪浅海相地层发育良好,底栖生物化石丰富,研究历史悠久,是我国南方浅海相泥盆系的标准剖面之一。文章从珊瑚化石的角度进行生物地层和群落生态的分析,并建立独山中、晚泥盆世7个珊瑚组合。文章最后还着重阐述独山泥盆纪珊瑚的4次灭绝事件：1)mid-Eifelian event(发生在龙洞水段之顶);2)late-Givetian event(发生在鸡窝寨段之顶);3)F-Fevent(发生在靠近尧梭组之底);4)D-Cevent(发生在革老河组之顶)。其中,F-F大灭绝事件对珊瑚群的影响最大。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒CJ－801bkf毒株VP2 cDNA基因结构的分析

以传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＮ）中国毒株ＣＪ－８０１ｂｋｆ的基因组Ａ片段ｄｓＲＭＡ为模板,经反向转录和ＰＣＲ扩增,克隆了保护性抗原ＶＰ２ｃＤＮＡ基因。经Ｓａｎｇｅｒ法测序,确定了ＶＰ２ｃＤＮＡ基因有１４８４个核苷酸,推测了ＶＰ２氨基酸的顺序,与已报导的６株ＩＢＤＶ毒株ＣｕＩ、ＰＢＧ９８、５２／７０、００２－７３、ＳＴＣ和ＶａｒｉａｎｔＥ的ＶＰ２区做了比较,证明：克隆的ＣＪ－８０１ｂｋｆＶＰ２ｃＤＮＡ基因是全长的,含有正确的起始密码子ＡＴＧ;ＣＪ－８０１ｂｋｆ与毒株Ｃｕｌ和ｐＢＧ９８同源性最高;ＣＪ－８０１ｂｋｆＶＰ２高可变区内两个亲水区的氨基酸顺序与ＣｕＩ、ＰＢＧ９８、５２／７０、００２－７３和ＳＴＣ完全相同;７肽区内第三个丝氨酸残基则变异为精氨酸。这些结果提示,中国ＣＪ－８０１ｂｋｆ毒株应属标准血清Ｉ型ＩＢＤＶ弱毒株。     

关于《中国动物地理区划图》的几点意见

对《中国动物地理区划图》提出３点修改意见，涉及蒙新区东部草原亚区（ⅢＡ）的北、东、西边界。①大兴安岭亚区（ＩＡ）南界应伸达中蒙边界，ⅢＡ被分隔成互不连结的南、北两部分。②辽西山地划属华北区黄土高原亚区（ⅡＢ），以北努鲁儿虎山脉北坡山脚与ⅢＡ分界，东以医巫闾山－大凌河口一线与松辽平原亚区（ＩＣ）为界。③东部草原亚区与西部荒漠亚区（ⅢＢ）之间改以贺兰山西坡山脚为界。     

柴达木盆地石炭纪古生物地理归属研究

柴达木盆地石炭纪的Ｔｉｎｇ类,珊瑚和腕足动物的代表属与中国其它代表地区－塔里木盆地,准噶尔盆地,陕甘宁地区,华北地区,华南地区,西藏北部地区可以进行对比,在计算大Ｚｏｎｇ相似系数的基础上,进行Ｑ型聚类分析,得出古生物地理分区结果,则解决柴达木盆地石炭纪古生物地理归属问题,研究结果表明,早石炭世可划分为：柴达木－华南－陕甘宁生物区;塔里木－藏北生物区和准噶尔生物区,柴达木属于柴达木－华南生物亚区,晚     

乐森(王寻)与拖鞋珊瑚

乐森(王寻)先生将毕生精力贡献于我国地质古生物亭业和教育事业。在半个多世纪的生涯中,先生历尽艰辛,鞠躬尽瘁,为我国地质科学的发展做出了卓越贡献。他在事业上所取得的成就,受到国内外学术界的敬慕,在地质学的各个领域均有建树,尤长于古生物学,对化石珊瑚学研究造诣颇深。早年他曾在川、滇、黔、桂等地进行地质调查,收集到大批泥盆纪拖鞋珊瑚标本和有关资料,晚年仍不遗余力,潜心研究,完成《中国南部泥盆纪拖鞋珊瑚的新分类及其地质分布》专著,将我国拖鞋珊瑚的研究推向一个崭新的阶段。     

珊瑚藻类对南麂列岛潮间带底栖生物群落多样性的影响

为了解南麂列岛潮间带珊瑚藻类对于其他大型藻类和底栖动物的影响, 在南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区布设了4条潮间带断面, 于2012年5月至2013年2月对其生物状况进行了逐季调查, 分别分析了中低潮区大型藻类、非珊瑚藻大型藻类、底栖动物的物种多样性和均匀度, 并计算了大型底栖动物的功能多样性指数Rao's Q。主要结果如下: (1)共采集和鉴定出大型藻类52种, 其中珊瑚藻科藻类有5种; (2)珊瑚藻类在高潮区没有分布, 在中低潮区均占据优势, 占潮间带藻类生物量的68.9%。四季中低潮区大型藻类的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数范围为1.638-4.044, 非珊瑚藻大型藻类的多样性指数范围为1.495-3.809, 底栖动物为5.289-6.917; 大型藻类的Pielou均匀度指数范围为0.819-0.971, 非珊瑚藻大型藻类的均匀度指数范围为0.830-0.973, 底栖动物为0.967-0.988; (3)大型藻类物种多样性和均匀度指数的降低与珊瑚藻类优势度的增加相关, 但珊瑚藻类优势度与底栖动物物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和功能多样性指数均没有显著相关性; (4)底栖动物功能多样性与珊瑚藻类优势度均呈低潮区高于中潮区的变化规律, 但相关性分析表明两者间并无直接联系。推测珊瑚藻类通过竞争占据了其他藻类的生存空间, 从而降低了南麂列岛潮间带大型藻类的物种多样性和均匀度。底栖动物则因其自身生活特点而使得珊瑚藻类的扩张未能影响其多样性水平。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.